Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
Encyclopedia
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway
had the largest stock of steam locomotives of any of the 'Big Four' Grouping, ie pre-Nationalisation railway companies in thec UK. Despite early troubles arising from factions within the new company, the LMS went on to build some very successful designs; many lasted until the end of steam traction on British Railways in 1968. For an explanation of numbering and classification, see British Rail locomotive and multiple unit numbering and classification
.
Various locomotives were inherited from pre-grouping companies. Those from the smaller railways, and hence non-standard, were withdrawn quite early, while ex-Midland, LNWR and L&YR types persisted.
The Midland had long had a 'small engine policy', ie it preferred small engines hauling frequent, fairly short trains, and employing a second locomotive (double-heading
) where necessary. Unfortunately this practice, while emininently suitable for the route from Sheffield, Derby and Nottingham to London was not at all suited to the route from Euston to Glasgow via Crewe, Preston and Carlisle (the 'West Coast Main Line') and it took several years to convince the senior staff responsible for such matters that this was the case.
The first sign of the change was the Royal Scot
4-6-0 class of 1927, officially designed by Fowler, but actually designed by the North British Locomotive Company
with approval from Henry Fowler
. Nevertheless, the majority of designs continued to be very much Midland in character.
This changed when William Stanier
arrived. His large, streamlined 'Princess Coronation' class engines were iconic and flew the flag for the LMS against the competing Class A4
of the London and North Eastern Railway
.
for an explanation of the numbers allocated to inherited locomotives and the power classification system used below.
shaped the subsequent LMS locomotive policy until 1933. Its locomotives
(which it always referred to as engines) followed a corporate small engine policy, with numerous class 2F, 3F and 4F 0-6-0
s for goods work, 2P and 4P 4-4-0
s for passenger work, 0-4-4T and 0-6-0T tank engines. The only exception to this was its 0-10-0 banking engine
for Lickey Incline
on its Bristol-Birmingham line.
handed over 192 standard gauge engines into the LMS capital stock.
In addition to the above, also added to the capital stock were the three NSR 0-2-2
railmotor
s numbered 1–3. These were not remumbered by the LMS before scrapping in 1927.
There were two other additions to the capital stock, the two locomotives of the 2 in 6 in (0.762 m) narrow gauge Leek and Manifold Valley Light Railway
. These two engines, number 1 E.R. Calthrop and number 2 J.B. Earle kept both their names and numbers under the LMS.
Four locomotives were added to the LMS service stock. Standard gauge 0-4-0
battery electric locomotive, built in 1917, and three, 3 in 6 in (1.07 m) gauge, 0-4-0ST locomotives called Frog, Toad and Bob that worked the Caldon Low tramway, owned by the NSR. None of these locomotives were numbered by the LMS.
engines was the stock number of the first member of the class to reach traffic. Hence earlier numbered classes could well have appeared later in time.
George Brittain
Dugald Drummond
John Lambie
John F. McIntosh
William Pickersgill
examples of the same arrangement).
The Baltics did not survive for long.
The only class that survived as far as nationalisation were some moderate sized 0-6-0 tender engines classified '3F' by the LMS. Six were still in traffic as of 31 August 1948.
William Barclay
During Barclay's incumbency as locomotive superintendent
various 2-2-2 and 2-4-0 locomotives were built, along with a solitary 0-4-0T. An 0-4-0ST was also inherited from the Findhorn Railway. Many of Barclay's locomotives would later be rebuilt by Stroudley or Jones - most of the 2-2-2s ended up as 2-4-0s and one became a 2-2-2T, a pair of 2-4-0s became 4-4-0s and the 0-4-0T became an 0-4-2T. Only 4 much rebuilt Barclay locomotives (all 2-4-0s) were still in stock at the time of the Grouping.
William Stroudley
Stroudley produced only one new design, an 0-6-0ST of which 3 were built. These survived to pass into LMS ownership.
David Jones
David Jones designed several classes of 4-4-0, and was also notable for introducing the 4-6-0 wheel arrangement to the UK. He also produced small numbers of 0-4-4ST, 2-4-0, 2-4-0T and 4-4-0T locomotives. Of 88 engines built to Jones' design (including 3 built as late as 1917), 74 passed to the LMS in 1923. A small 2-4-0T purchased secondhand from the Duke of Sutherland also made into LMS ownership.
Fredrick George Smith
Frederick Smith's brief tenure was cut short by a dispute over his sole design, the 'River' Class 4-6-0. Six locomotives were built, but they were (wrongly) considered to be too heavy for the Highland Railway, and were sold to the Caledonian Railway
without being used.
Despite their small numbers, quite a few Highland Railway classes survived well into the LMS era, and even into the 1950s.
Jones Goods 103, withdrawn by the LMS, is the only HR locomotive to have been preserved, although a Drummond 'Small Ben' 4-4-0, Ben Alder, was retained for many years with this object in view before being unaccountably scrapped in 1966.
, formerly of the L&YR became the first Chief Mechanical Engineer
(CME) of the LMS. However, he retired just two years later in 1925. His one new design was a class of mixed traffic moguls known as "crabs".
He also built small numbers of slightly modified versions of pre-grouping designs including:
, deputy CME under Hughes, was formerly CME of the Midland Railway
. He was largely responsible for the adoption of the Midland's small engines as LMS standards. This led to a crisis as these were underpowered. However, some moves towards larger engines were made, Royal Scots and Garratts. At the end of Fowler's reign, Ernest Lemon
briefly took over as CME but was quickly promoted to make room for William Stanier
.
was jointly owned by the LMS and the Southern with the LMS responsible for locomotive affairs. However, its locomotives
were kept separate until 1928 when they were taken into LMS stock. These mostly consisted of standard Midland types constructed by the Midland and the LMS. The S&DJR 7F 2-8-0
however was specific to the line.
arrived in 1932 from the Great Western Railway
and with the backing of Josiah Stamp, reversed the small engine policy.
and 5MT 4-6-0
) and some detailed design variations on the latter.
, son of the former GNR CME Henry Ivatt
became CME in 1946. He continued building some Stanier types, but introduced some low-powered class 2 engines and a medium-powered class 4 mixed traffic design. A pair of main line diesels were also produced.
.
's 'Standard' steam locomotives by former LMS man R.A. Riddles. Some of the designs were little changed from the comparable designs by Ivatt.
Riddles built quite a few examples of designs from the 'Big Four', including most of the Fairburn/Ivatt tankers. These were distributed around the system, with quite a few of the 2-6-2 designs going to the Southern Region.
Withdrawal of locomotives generally did not take place until the great locomotive cull of British Railways in the period 1962-1966. A pair of "Black Fives" were the last steam locomotives to be run on British Railways in 1968, although since then there have been almost weekly charter runs for the enthusiast and tourist markets and the occasional timetabled service (for instance at Dawlish
and Stratford-upon-Avon
).
A smaller number of pre-grouping locomotives inherited by the LMS have also been preserved.
London, Midland and Scottish Railway
The London Midland and Scottish Railway was a British railway company. It was formed on 1 January 1923 under the Railways Act of 1921, which required the grouping of over 120 separate railway companies into just four...
had the largest stock of steam locomotives of any of the 'Big Four' Grouping, ie pre-Nationalisation railway companies in thec UK. Despite early troubles arising from factions within the new company, the LMS went on to build some very successful designs; many lasted until the end of steam traction on British Railways in 1968. For an explanation of numbering and classification, see British Rail locomotive and multiple unit numbering and classification
British Rail locomotive and multiple unit numbering and classification
A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for locomotives and multiple units operated by British Railways , and this page explains the principal systems...
.
Various locomotives were inherited from pre-grouping companies. Those from the smaller railways, and hence non-standard, were withdrawn quite early, while ex-Midland, LNWR and L&YR types persisted.
The Midland had long had a 'small engine policy', ie it preferred small engines hauling frequent, fairly short trains, and employing a second locomotive (double-heading
Double-heading
In railroad terminology, double-heading or double heading indicates the use of two locomotives at the front of a train, each operated individually by its own crew. The practice of triple-heading involves the use of three locomotives....
) where necessary. Unfortunately this practice, while emininently suitable for the route from Sheffield, Derby and Nottingham to London was not at all suited to the route from Euston to Glasgow via Crewe, Preston and Carlisle (the 'West Coast Main Line') and it took several years to convince the senior staff responsible for such matters that this was the case.
The first sign of the change was the Royal Scot
LMS Royal Scot Class
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Royal Scot Class is a class of 4-6-0 express passenger locomotive introduced in 1927. Originally having parallel boilers, all members were later rebuilt with tapered type 2A boilers, and were in effect two classes.-Background:Until the mid-1920s, the LMS...
4-6-0 class of 1927, officially designed by Fowler, but actually designed by the North British Locomotive Company
North British Locomotive Company
The North British Locomotive Company was created in 1903 through the merger of three Glasgow locomotive manufacturing companies; Sharp Stewart and Company , Neilson, Reid and Company and Dübs and Company , creating the largest locomotive manufacturing company in Europe.Its main factories were...
with approval from Henry Fowler
Henry Fowler (engineer)
Sir Henry Fowler, KBE was a Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Midland Railway and subsequently the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.- Biography :...
. Nevertheless, the majority of designs continued to be very much Midland in character.
This changed when William Stanier
William Stanier
Sir William Arthur Stanier, FRS was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.- Biography :...
arrived. His large, streamlined 'Princess Coronation' class engines were iconic and flew the flag for the LMS against the competing Class A4
LNER Class A4
The Class A4 is a class of streamlined 4-6-2 steam locomotive, designed by Nigel Gresley for the London and North Eastern Railway in 1935. Their streamlined design gave them high-speed capability as well as making them instantly recognizable, and one of the class, 4468 Mallard, still claims the...
of the London and North Eastern Railway
London and North Eastern Railway
The London and North Eastern Railway was the second-largest of the "Big Four" railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain...
.
Locomotives acquired from constituent companies
See LMS locomotive numbering and classificationLMS locomotive numbering and classification
A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for the locomotives owned by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway and its constituent companies; this page explains the principal systems that were used....
for an explanation of the numbers allocated to inherited locomotives and the power classification system used below.
Ex-Midland Railway
The MidlandMidland Railway
The Midland Railway was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1844 to 1922, when it became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway....
shaped the subsequent LMS locomotive policy until 1933. Its locomotives
Locomotives of the Midland Railway
The Midland Railway's locomotives , followed its small engine policy. The policy was later adopted by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, and contrasted with the London and North Western Railway's policy...
(which it always referred to as engines) followed a corporate small engine policy, with numerous class 2F, 3F and 4F 0-6-0
0-6-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels...
s for goods work, 2P and 4P 4-4-0
4-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-4-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles , four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and no trailing wheels...
s for passenger work, 0-4-4T and 0-6-0T tank engines. The only exception to this was its 0-10-0 banking engine
MR 0-10-0 Lickey Banker
In 1919, the Midland Railway built a single 0-10-0 steam locomotive, No 2290 . It was designed by James Clayton for banking duties on the Lickey Incline in Worcestershire , England...
for Lickey Incline
Lickey Incline
The Lickey Incline is the steepest sustained main-line railway incline in Great Britain and is situated south of Birmingham, in England. The climb is a gradient of 1-in-37.7 for a continuous distance of two miles ....
on its Bristol-Birmingham line.
Ex-London and North Western Railway
Ex-Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway
- L&YR Class 5L&YR Class 5The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class 5 and Class 6 were two related classes of 2-4-2T steam locomotives.- Class 5 :The class began as a John Aspinall design of 1889. The first locomotives had 18"×26" cylinders for a tractive effort of 18,955 lb and power class 2P...
(2P) - L&YR Class 21L&YR Class 21The L&YR Class 21 is a class of small 0-4-0ST steam locomotive built by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway for shunting duties. They were nicknamed Pugs.- Operational history :...
"Pug" (0F) - L&YR Class 23 (2F)
- L&YR Class 25L&YR Class 25The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class 25 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive. They were introduced in 1876 by new locomotive superintendent William Barton Wright and 280 were built in total. 230 were later converted to saddle tanks by John Aspinall....
(2F) - L&YR Class 27L&YR Class 27The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class 27 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive designed for freight work.-Construction and operation:...
(3F) - L&YR Class 28L&YR Class 28The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class 28 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive, designed by George Hughes. It is the rebuild of Aspinall's Class 27, due to the addition of a Belpaire firebox and the extension of the footplate and front sandboxes. It is similar, but superheated...
Ex-North Staffordshire Railway
The NSRNorth Staffordshire Railway
The North Staffordshire Railway was a British railway company formed in 1845 to promote a number of lines in the Staffordshire Potteries and surrounding areas in Staffordshire, Cheshire, Derbyshire and Shropshire....
handed over 192 standard gauge engines into the LMS capital stock.
| NSR Number | LMS Number | Wheel arrangement | Class | LMS Power classification | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passenger tender locomotives | |||||
| 86–87, 170–171 | 595–598 | 4-4-0 4-4-0 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-4-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles , four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and no trailing wheels... |
G | 3P | An Adams design from 1910. Renumbered 5410–5413 in 1928. |
| 38 | 599 | 4-4-0 4-4-0 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-4-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles , four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and no trailing wheels... |
KT | 3P | Adams design built 1912. Renumbered 5414 in 1928. |
| Passenger tank locomotives | |||||
| 9, 11–12, 41–42 | 1431–1435 | 0-4-4T | M | 3P | An Adams design of 1907. |
| 15, 17, 19, 54 | 1436–1439 | 0-4-4T | New M | 3P | Slightly modified class M (longer bunkers), built 1920 by then locomotive superintendent Hookham |
| 1A, 2A, 7, 10A, 17A, 18A, 22A, 23A, 27A, 29A, 48A, 71 | 1440–1451 | 2-4-0T | B | 1P | Longbottom class between 1882 and 1895 |
| 21, 24, 35, 40, 52, 61 | 1454–1459 | 2-4-2T | B | 1P | Rebuilt from Longbottom classes of 1878–1895 |
| 4–5, 30–31, 53, 70, 173–174 | 2040–2047 | 0-6-4T | C | 5F | Adams class of 1914. Despite their freight engine power classification the class was considered by the LMS to be a passenger engine class and were painted in a passenger engine colour scheme. |
| 114–121 | 2048–2055 | 0-6-4T | F | 4P | Adams class of 1916–1919 |
| 8, 13–14, 39, 45–46, 55 | 2180–2186 | 4-4-2T | K | 3P | Adams class of 1911–1912 |
| Goods tank locomotives | |||||
| 3, 16, 20, 32, 33–34, 36–37, 43–44, 47, 49–50, 56–57, 60, 62–63, 73, 124A, 125A, 126–153 | 1550–1598 | 0-6-0T | D | 2F | Longbottom class of 1882–1889 |
| 23 | 1599 | 0-6-0T | 3F | Hookham 4-cylinder experimental. 1599 not carried by the engine before it was rebuilt in 1924 as tender locomotive and numbered 2367; renumbered 8689 before being withdrawn. | |
| 58A, 59A | 1600–1601 | 0-6-0ST | 1F | Built by Hudswell Clarke Hudswell Clarke Hudswell, Clarke and Company Limited was an engineering and locomotive building company in Jack Lane, Hunslet, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.-History:... in 1866 |
|
| 74–75 | 1602–1603 | 0-6-0T | 1F | Built by Kerr Stuart Kerr Stuart Kerr, Stuart and Company Ltd was a locomotive manufacturer from Stoke-on-Trent, England.-History:It was founded in 1881 by James Kerr as James Kerr & Company, and became Kerr, Stuart & Company from 1883 when John Stuart was taken on as a partner... in 1919 |
|
| 58–59, 76–77, 154–155, | 2234–2239 | 0-6-2T | DX | 2F | Longbottom class of 1899–1902 |
| 1–2, 10, 18, 22, 25–29, 48, 51, 64–65, 69, 72, 89, 93–99, 124–125, 156–158, 165–168, 172 | 2240–2273 | 0-6-2T | L & New L | 3F | Adams class of 1903–1923. 2270–2273 (NSR numbers 1, 2, 10 & 48) were constructed by the LMS and were the last locomotives built at Stoke works. |
| Goods tender locomotives | |||||
| 66–68, 70A, 74A, 75A, 104–113, 116A, 118A, 119A, 120A, 121A, 122–123 | 2320–2342 | 0-6-0 0-6-0 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels... |
E | 1F | Clare class of 1871–1877. Engines remaining in 1928 renumbered 8650–8664 |
| 78–83, 100–103 | 2343–2350, 2357–2358 | 0-6-0 0-6-0 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels... |
‘100’ | 2F | Longbottom class of 1896–1907; In 1928 renumbered 8665–8672, 8679–8680 |
| 159–164 | 2351–2356 | 0-6-0 0-6-0 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels... |
‘159’ | 2F | Longbottom class of 1900; In 1928 renumbered 8673–8678 |
| 6, 84–85, 88, 90–92, 169 | 2359–2366 | 0-6-0 0-6-0 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels... |
H | 3F | Adams class of 1909–1911; In 1928 renumbered 8681–8688 |
In addition to the above, also added to the capital stock were the three NSR 0-2-2
0-2-2
An 0-2-2, in the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, is one that has two coupled driving wheels followed by two trailing wheels, with no leading wheels...
railmotor
Railmotor
Railmotor is a term which was used by several British railway companies for a steam railcar.-Overview:William Bridges Adams started building railmotors as early as 1848, but only in small numbers...
s numbered 1–3. These were not remumbered by the LMS before scrapping in 1927.
There were two other additions to the capital stock, the two locomotives of the 2 in 6 in (0.762 m) narrow gauge Leek and Manifold Valley Light Railway
Leek and Manifold Valley Light Railway
The Leek and Manifold Valley Light Railway was a narrow gauge railway in Staffordshire, Great Britain that operated between 1904 and 1934. When in operation, the line mainly carried milk from dairies in the region, acting as a feeder to the standard gauge system. It also provided passenger...
. These two engines, number 1 E.R. Calthrop and number 2 J.B. Earle kept both their names and numbers under the LMS.
Four locomotives were added to the LMS service stock. Standard gauge 0-4-0
0-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-0 represents one of the simplest possible types, that with two axles and four coupled wheels, all of which are driven...
battery electric locomotive, built in 1917, and three, 3 in 6 in (1.07 m) gauge, 0-4-0ST locomotives called Frog, Toad and Bob that worked the Caldon Low tramway, owned by the NSR. None of these locomotives were numbered by the LMS.
Ex-Caledonian Railway
The class number used for Caledonian RailwayCaledonian Railway
The Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish railway company. It was formed in the early 19th century and it was absorbed almost a century later into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, in the 1923 railway grouping, by means of the Railways Act 1921...
engines was the stock number of the first member of the class to reach traffic. Hence earlier numbered classes could well have appeared later in time.
George BrittainGeorge BrittainGeorge Brittain was Locomotive Superintendent of the Caledonian Railway from 1876 to 1882, between Benjamin Connor and Dugald Drummond....
1876-1882
| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1878 | 130 | 2-4-0 | 10 | |||
| 1878 | 485 | 0-4-0T | 1 | Crane tank | ||
| 1878-82 | 670 | 0-4-2 | 30 | U | 17000-17020 | |
| 1879 | 140 | 2-4-0T | 12 | |||
| 1880 | 152 | 2-4-2T | 15 | |||
| 1881 | 1 | 2-2-2WT | 1 | For officer's saloon | ||
| 1881 | 486 | 0-6-0ST | 6 | 1F | 16150 | |
| 1882 | 179 | 4-4-0 | 10 | 1P | 14100-14107 | "Oban bogie" |
Dugald DrummondDugald DrummondDugald Drummond was a Scottish steam locomotive engineer. He had a career with the North British Railway, LB&SCR, Caledonian Railway and London and South Western Railway...
1882-1890
| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1886 | 123 Caledonian Railway Single Caledonian Railway Single No. 123 is a preserved Scottish steam locomotive. The unique 4-2-2 was built by Neilson and Company in 1886, works No. 3553 as an exhibition locomotive. In 1914 it was placed on the Caledonian Railway duplicate list, and renumbered 1123... |
4-2-2 | 1 | 1P | 14010 | |
| 1888-91 | 80 | 4-4-0 | 12 | 1P | 14108-14115 | "Coast bogies" |
| 1884-91 | 66 | 28 | 1P | 14290-14309 | ||
| 1886 | 124 | 1 | 1P | 14296 | Exhibition engine - related to "66" class | |
| 1885 | 262 | 0-4-2ST | 2 | U | 15000-15001 | |
| 1884-91 | 171 | 0-4-4T | 24 | 1P | 15100-15114 | |
| 1885-90 | 264 | 0-4-0ST | 20 | U | 16008-16025 | |
| 1888 | 272 | 0-6-0ST | 6 | U | 16100-16102 | |
| 1887-8 | 323 | 30 | 3F | 16202-16224 | ||
| 1883-95 | 294 Caledonian Railway 294 Class The Caledonian Railway 294 Class were freight 0-6-0 tender engines introduced in 1918 and designed by William Pickersgill. Forty-three were built between 1918 and 1920. They were numbered 294–324, 280, 281, 670–679 by the Caledonian Railway... |
0-6-0 | 163 | 2F | 17230-17392 |
John LambieJohn Lambie (engineer)John Lambie was a Scottish engineer. He was born in Stevenston, Ayrshire, in 1833 and died in Glasgow on 1st February 1895. He was Locomotive Superintendent of the Caledonian Railway from 1891 to 1895 .-References:...
1891-1895
| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1892 | 538A | 0-4-0ST | 2 | Second-hand - built 1872-3 | ||
| 1893-4 | 1 | 4-4-0T | 12 | 1P | 15020-15031 | |
| 1894 | 13 | 4-4-0 | 6 | 1P | 14308-14310 | |
| 1895 | 211 | 0-6-0ST | 5 | 3F | 16225-16229 | |
| 1895 | 19 | 0-4-4T | 10 | 2P | 15115-15124 |
John F. McIntoshJohn F. McIntoshJohn Farquharson McIntosh was a Scottish engineer. He was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Caledonian Railway from 1895-1914 . He was succeeded by William Pickersgill.-Locomotive designs:*Caledonian Railway 19, 92 and 439 classes 0-4-4T...
1895-1914
| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896 | 721 | 4-4-0 | 15 | 2P | 14311-14325 | Dunalastair I |
| 1897-8 | 766 | 15 | 2P/3P | 14326-14336 & 14430-14433 | Dunalastair II - 4 rebuilt 1914 with superheaters | |
| 1899–1900 | 900 | 16 | 2P/3P | 14337-14348 & 14434-14437 | Dunalastair III - 3 rebuilt 1914-18 with superheaters | |
| 1904-10 | 140 | 19 | 2P/3P | 14349-14365 & 14438-14439 | Dunalastair IV - 4 rebuilt 1915-22 with superheaters | |
| 1910-2 | 139 | 11 | 3P | 14440-14449 | Schmidt superheater | |
| 1913-4 | 43 | 11 | 3P | 14450-14460 | Robinson superheater | |
| 1902 | 55 | 4-6-0 | 9 | 4P | 14600-14608 | |
| 1906-7 | 908 | 10 | 4P | 14609-14618 | ||
| 1903 | 49 | 2 | 4P | 14750-14751 | rebuilt 1911 with Superheaters | |
| 1906 | 903 | 5 | 4P | 14752-14755 | rebuilt 1911 with Superheaters | |
| 1897 | 92 | 0-4-4T | 12 | 2P | 15125-15136 | |
| 1900 | 879 | 10 | 2P | 15137-15146 | ||
| 1899 | 104 | 12 | 1P | 15147-15158 | ||
| 1900-14 | 439 Caledonian Railway 439 Class The Caledonian Railway 439 Class is a class of 0-4-4T steam locomotive. It was a development of the earlier 19 Class and 92 Class 0-4-4Ts and predecessor of the 431 Class. The 439 Class was introduced by John F... |
68 | 2P | 15159-15226 | ||
| 1897 | 781 | 0-4-0ST | 1 | U | 16000 | second hand |
| 1895–1908 | 611 | 14 | U | 16026-16039 | as 264 class | |
| 1912-21 | 498 Caledonian Railway 498 Class The Caledonian Railway 498 Class was a class of 0-6-0T locomotive designed for dock shunting. They were designed by John F. McIntosh and introduced in 1911.Their British Railways numbers were 56151-56173.-Dimensions:* LMS/BR Power classification, 2F... |
0-6-0T | 23 | 2F | 16151-16173 | Short wheelbase |
| 1895-6 | 29 | 9 | 3F | 16231-16239 | With condensers | |
| 1898–1913 | 782 Caledonian Railway 782 Class The Caledonian Railway 782 Class was a class of 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and introduced in 1896. The 29 Class was apparently similar but fitted with condensing apparatus.-External links:*... |
138 | 3F | 16240-16376 | ||
| 1903-4 | 492 | 0-8-0T | 6 | 4F | 16500-16505 | |
| 1895-7 | 711 | 0-6-0 | 81 | 2F | 17393-17473 | Similar to "294" class |
| 1899–1900 | 812 Caledonian Railway 812 Class The Caledonian Railway 812 Class, or "Jumbos" is a class of 0-6-0 steam tender locomotive designed by John F. McIntosh and introduced in 1899. It featured the boiler from the 721 “Dunalastair” Class 4-4-0s.... |
79 | 3F | 17550-17628 | ||
| 1908-9 | 652 | 17 | 3F | 17629-17645 | Modified 812 class | |
| 1912 | 30 | 4 | 3F | 17646-17649 | 652 class with superheater | |
| 1912 | 34 | 2-6-0 | 5 | 3F | 17800-17804 | "Converted 30 class" |
| 1906 | 918 | 4-6-0 | 5 | 3F | 17900-17904 | |
| 1913-4 | 179 | 5 | 3F | 17905-17909 | ||
| 1914-5 | 184 | 6 | 3F | 17910-17915 | ||
| 1901-3 | 600 | 0-8-0 | 8 | 4F | 17990-17997 |
William PickersgillWilliam PickersgillWilliam Pickersgill was born in Nantwich in 1861 and died in Bournemouth on 2 May 1928. He was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Caledonian Railway from 1914 until Grouping in 1923...
1914-1923
| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1916 | 113 | 4-4-0 | 16 | 3P | 14461-14476 | |
| 1920-2 | 72 Caledonian Railway 72 Class Caledonian Railway 72 Class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives introduced by William Pickersgill in 1920. Thirty-two locomotives were built and all survived to be taken over by the LMS in 1923 and by British Railways in 1948.... |
32 | 3P | 14477-14508 | ||
| 1922 | 191 | 4-6-0 | 8 | 3P | 14619-14626 | |
| 1916-7 | 60 Caledonian Railway 60 Class The Caledonian Railway 60 Class were 4-6-0 passenger engines designed by William Pickersgill and introduced in 1916. Six were built and all of them passed into LMS ownership in 1923 and into British Railways ownership in 1948.... |
6 | 3P | 14650-14655 | Another 20 (14630-49) built by LMS | |
| 1915 | 938 Highland Railway River Class The Highland Railway River class was a class of steam locomotive with a 4-6-0 wheel arrangement. They were designed by F. G. Smith, who had joined the Highland Railway in 1904 from the North Eastern Railway. His initial post was as manager of the Locomotive, Carriage and Wagon works at Inverness... |
6 | 4P | 14756-14761 | River class - originally designed for Highland Railway | |
| 1921 | 956 Caledonian Railway 956 Class The Caledonian Railway 956 Class were 3-cylinder 4-6-0 steam locomotives that were used on the Caledonian Railway from 1921. They were built to the design of William Pickersgill... |
4 | 5P | 14800-14803 | ||
| 1915-22 | 159 | 0-4-4T | 10 | 2P | 15227-15236 | |
| 1922 | 431 | 4 | 2P | 15237-15240 | Another 10 (15260-9) built by LMS | |
| 1917 | 944 | 4-6-2T | 12 | 4P | 15350-15361 | |
| 1918-20 | 300 | 0-6-0 | 43 | 3F | 17650-17692 | |
| 1919-20 | ROD 2-8-0 ROD 2-8-0 The Railway Operating Division ROD 2-8-0 is a type of 2-8-0 steam locomotive which was the standard heavy freight locomotive operated in Europe by the ROD during the First World War.-ROD need for a standard locomotive:... |
2-8-0 | 50 | GCR design, built for the government. |
Ex-Furness Railway
The Furness was a small company with a correspondingly small locomotive stock. It is known best for the Baltic tanks (which seemed to be a little more successful than the L & YLancashire and Yorkshire Railway
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway was a major British railway company before the 1923 Grouping. It was incorporated in 1847 from an amalgamation of several existing railways...
examples of the same arrangement).
The Baltics did not survive for long.
The only class that survived as far as nationalisation were some moderate sized 0-6-0 tender engines classified '3F' by the LMS. Six were still in traffic as of 31 August 1948.
Ex-Glasgow and South Western Railway
William BarclayWilliam BarclayWilliam Barclay may refer to:*William Barclay , Scottish jurist in the 16th and early 17th centuries*William Barclay *William Barclay *William Barclay , 20th century theologian and writer of Bible commentaries...
1855-69
During Barclay's incumbency as locomotive superintendentHighland Railway Classes prior to 1870
The Highland Railway began as the Inverness and Nairn Railway , which operated the other lines which became part of the Highland Railway on its formation in 1865.-William Barclay:...
various 2-2-2 and 2-4-0 locomotives were built, along with a solitary 0-4-0T. An 0-4-0ST was also inherited from the Findhorn Railway. Many of Barclay's locomotives would later be rebuilt by Stroudley or Jones - most of the 2-2-2s ended up as 2-4-0s and one became a 2-2-2T, a pair of 2-4-0s became 4-4-0s and the 0-4-0T became an 0-4-2T. Only 4 much rebuilt Barclay locomotives (all 2-4-0s) were still in stock at the time of the Grouping.
William StroudleyWilliam StroudleyWilliam Stroudley was one of Britain's most famous steam locomotive engineers of the nineteenth century, working principally for the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway...
1865-9
Stroudley produced only one new design, an 0-6-0ST of which 3 were built. These survived to pass into LMS ownership.| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1869-74 | 56 Highland Railway Classes prior to 1870 The Highland Railway began as the Inverness and Nairn Railway , which operated the other lines which became part of the Highland Railway on its formation in 1865.-William Barclay:... |
0-6-0ST | 3 | 0P |
David JonesDavid Jones (railway)David Jones was locomotive superintendent for the Highland Railway in Scotland. He was credited with the design of the first British 4-6-0 which was strongly influenced by a Scottish locomotive design for Indian Railways....
1870-96
David Jones designed several classes of 4-4-0, and was also notable for introducing the 4-6-0 wheel arrangement to the UK. He also produced small numbers of 0-4-4ST, 2-4-0, 2-4-0T and 4-4-0T locomotives. Of 88 engines built to Jones' design (including 3 built as late as 1917), 74 passed to the LMS in 1923. A small 2-4-0T purchased secondhand from the Duke of Sutherland also made into LMS ownership.| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1874-88 | F (‘Bruce’) Highland Railway F Class The Highland Railway F class 4-4-0s were a class of British steam locomotives introduced in 1874. The first 10 were built by Dübs and Company in 1874. A further seven were built in Lochgorm works between 1876 and 1888.... |
4-4-0 | 17 | |||
| 1877 | ’Raigmore’ | 2-4-0 | 2 | |||
| 1878-9 | O Highland Railway O Class The Highland Railway O Class locomotives were built as 2-4-0T tank engines, but were soon rebuilt as 4-4-0Ts. Designed by David Jones, they had coupled wheels, outside cylinders and weight of 36 tons.... |
4-4-0T | 3 | built as 2-4-0T | ||
| 1882-1901 | L (‘Skye Bogie’) Highland Railway L Class The Highland Railway Jones L Class 4-4-0s were more commonly known as 'Skye Bogies' due to their association with the Kyle of Lochalsh Line. They were essentially mixed traffic versions of the earlier F Class... |
4-4-0 | 9 | 1P | 14277, 14279-14285 | |
| 1886 | E (‘Clyde Bogie’) Highland Railway E Class The Highland Railway E Class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotive designed by David Jones for passenger service. They were also known as the 'Clyde Bogies' as they were built by the Clyde Locomotive Company in Glasgow, Scotland. They were the first locomotives built by that company.Built in 1886,... |
4-4-0 | 8 | 14278 | ||
| 1890 | 13 | 0-4-4ST | 1 | 0P | 15050 | |
| 1892 | ’Strath’ Highland Railway Strath Class The Highland Railway Strath Class were 4-4-0 steam locomotives introduced in 1892, to the design of David Jones.Twelve were built by Neilson and Company and delivered between May and July of that year.... |
4-4-0 | 12 | 1P | 14271-14276 | |
| 1892-3 | P (‘Yankee’) Highland Railway Yankee Tanks The Highland Railway P class was a group of five 4-4-0 tank steam locomotives built in 1891 and 1893.In 1891 Dübs and Company of Glasgow completed two 4-4-0 side tank locomotives with driving wheels and outside cylinders. Boiler pressure was and weight in working order was... |
4-4-0T | 5 | 0P | 15013-15017 | first 2 were built for Uruguay Eastern Railway |
| 1894 | ’Jones Goods’ Highland Railway Jones Goods Class The Highland Railway Jones Goods class was a class of steam locomotive, and was notable as the first class with a 4-6-0 wheel arrangement in the British Isles... |
4-6-0 | 15 | 4F | 17916-17930 | |
| 1896-1917 | ‘Loch’ Highland Railway Loch Class The Highland Railway Loch class locomotives were small 4-4-0s normally used north of Inverness.They were introduced in 1896, the design of David Jones, and had the typical Jones appearance with outside cylinders, domed cab roof, louvered chimney,but as with the Jones Goods class 4-6-0 the Allan... |
4-4-0 | 18 | 2P | 14379-14396 | |
| 1871 | 118 | 2-4-0T | 1 | purchased from Duke of Sutherland in 1895 |
Peter Drummond 1896-1912
Under Peter Drummond, new 0-4-4T, 0-6-0T, 0-6-4T, 0-6-0, 4-4-0 and 4-6-0 designs emerged. All 72 locomotives passed to the LMS.| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1898-1906 | C (‘Small Ben’) Highland Railway Ben Class The Highland Railway Ben Class were small 4-4-0 passenger steam locomotives. There were actually two separate 'Ben' classes, usually referred to as the 'Small Bens' and the 'Large Bens'.-Introduction:... |
4-4-0 | 20 | 2P | 14397-14416 | |
| 1900-7 | K (‘Barney’) Highland Railway Drummond 0-6-0 Class The Highland Railway K class were the only class of 0-6-0 tender locomotives built for the Highland Railway. They were introduced in 1900, to the design of Peter Drummond. The class were known as 'Barneys'.... |
0-6-0 | 12 | 3F | 17693-17704 | |
| 1900-17 | A (‘Castle’) | 4-6-0 | 19 | 3P | 14675-14693 | |
| 1903-4 | V | 0-6-0T | 3 | 2F | 16380-16382 | |
| 1905-6 | W Highland Railway Drummond 0-4-4T Class The Highland Railway W class were four small 0-4-4T locomotives built by the Highland Railway in 1905–1906 to the design of locomotive superintendent Peter Drummond. They were the last engines that were built at the company's Lochgorm works in Inverness, and were used on branch line... |
0-4-4T | 4 | 0P | 15051-15054 | |
| 1908-9 | U (‘Large Ben’) Highland Railway Ben Class The Highland Railway Ben Class were small 4-4-0 passenger steam locomotives. There were actually two separate 'Ben' classes, usually referred to as the 'Small Bens' and the 'Large Bens'.-Introduction:... |
4-4-0 | 6 | 2P | 14417-14422 | |
| 1909-12 | X (‘Medium Goods’) Highland Railway Drummond 0-6-4T Class The Highland Railway Drummond 0-6-4T or X class were large tank engines originally intended for banking duty.Of Peter Drummond design, the first four were built by the North British Locomotive Company and delivered in 1909... |
0-6-4T | 8 | 15300-15307 |
Fredrick George SmithFredrick George SmithFredrick George Smith was the Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Highland Railway from 1912 to 1915. He was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1872 and died in 1956. His only design for the Highland Railway was the River Class, which was rejected by the Chief Engineer, causing his resignation...
1912-15
Frederick Smith's brief tenure was cut short by a dispute over his sole design, the 'River' Class 4-6-0. Six locomotives were built, but they were (wrongly) considered to be too heavy for the Highland Railway, and were sold to the Caledonian RailwayCaledonian Railway
The Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish railway company. It was formed in the early 19th century and it was absorbed almost a century later into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, in the 1923 railway grouping, by means of the Railways Act 1921...
without being used.
| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1915 | ‘River’ Highland Railway River Class The Highland Railway River class was a class of steam locomotive with a 4-6-0 wheel arrangement. They were designed by F. G. Smith, who had joined the Highland Railway in 1904 from the North Eastern Railway. His initial post was as manager of the Locomotive, Carriage and Wagon works at Inverness... |
4-6-0 | 6 | 4P | (14756-14761) | sold to Caledonian Railway Caledonian Railway The Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish railway company. It was formed in the early 19th century and it was absorbed almost a century later into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, in the 1923 railway grouping, by means of the Railways Act 1921... before use |
Christopher Cumming 1915-22
Christopher Cumming designed one class of 4-4-0 and two types of 4-6-0, totalling 19 locomotives, which all passed to the LMS.| Class | No. built | LMS Class | LMS numbers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1917 | ’Snaigow’ Highland Railway Cumming 4-4-0 Class The Highland Railway Cumming 4-4-0 class was a pair of 4-4-0 steam locomotives designed by Christopher Cumming, the Locomotive Superintendent of the Highland Railway... |
4-4-0 | 2 | 3P | 14522-14523 | |
| 1918-9 | ’Clan Goods’ Highland Railway Clan Goods Class The Highland Railway's Clan Goods class was a class of steam locomotive. They were designed by Christopher Cumming.The first four were built by Hawthorn Leslie on Tyneside, some sources claim they were delivered in 1917, others claim it was the following year. Four more were built in 1919... |
4-6-0 | 8 | 5F | 17950-17957 | |
| 1919-21 | ’Clan’ Highland Railway Clan Class The Highland Railway's Clan Class was a class of passenger 4-6-0 steam locomotives designed by Christopher Cumming. The design is derived from that of the slightly earlier Clan Goods although the similarity is more visual than real.... |
4-6-0 | 8 | 4P | 14762-14769 |
Despite their small numbers, quite a few Highland Railway classes survived well into the LMS era, and even into the 1950s.
Jones Goods 103, withdrawn by the LMS, is the only HR locomotive to have been preserved, although a Drummond 'Small Ben' 4-4-0, Ben Alder, was retained for many years with this object in view before being unaccountably scrapped in 1966.
Hughes (1923–1925)
George HughesGeorge Hughes (engineer)
George Hughes was a locomotive engineer, and Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway and the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.-L&YR:...
, formerly of the L&YR became the first Chief Mechanical Engineer
Chief Mechanical Engineer
Chief Mechanical Engineer and Locomotive Superintendent are titles applied by British, Australian, and New Zealand railway companies to the person ultimately responsible to the board of the company for the building and maintaining of the locomotives and rolling stock...
(CME) of the LMS. However, he retired just two years later in 1925. His one new design was a class of mixed traffic moguls known as "crabs".
- Class 5MT "Crab" 2-6-0LMS Hughes CrabThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Hughes Crab or Horwich Mogul is a class of mixed traffic 2-6-0 steam locomotive built between 1926 and 1932. They are noted for their appearance with large highly-angled cylinders caused by restricted loading gauge...
He also built small numbers of slightly modified versions of pre-grouping designs including:
- Caledonian Railway 60 ClassCaledonian Railway 60 ClassThe Caledonian Railway 60 Class were 4-6-0 passenger engines designed by William Pickersgill and introduced in 1916. Six were built and all of them passed into LMS ownership in 1923 and into British Railways ownership in 1948....
- Caledonian Railway 439 ClassCaledonian Railway 439 ClassThe Caledonian Railway 439 Class is a class of 0-4-4T steam locomotive. It was a development of the earlier 19 Class and 92 Class 0-4-4Ts and predecessor of the 431 Class. The 439 Class was introduced by John F...
Fowler (1925–1931)
Sir Henry FowlerHenry Fowler (engineer)
Sir Henry Fowler, KBE was a Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Midland Railway and subsequently the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.- Biography :...
, deputy CME under Hughes, was formerly CME of the Midland Railway
Midland Railway
The Midland Railway was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1844 to 1922, when it became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway....
. He was largely responsible for the adoption of the Midland's small engines as LMS standards. This led to a crisis as these were underpowered. However, some moves towards larger engines were made, Royal Scots and Garratts. At the end of Fowler's reign, Ernest Lemon
Ernest Lemon
Sir Ernest John Hutchings Lemon, OBE was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway and later one of its three Vice-Presidents...
briefly took over as CME but was quickly promoted to make room for William Stanier
William Stanier
Sir William Arthur Stanier, FRS was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.- Biography :...
.
- LMS Class 2P 4-4-0LMS Class 2P 4-4-0The London Midland and Scottish Railway Class 2P 4-4-0 was a class of steam locomotive designed for light passenger work.- Overview :The class was introduced in 1928 and was a post-grouping development of the Midland Railway 483 Class with modified dimensions and reduced boiler mountings.The...
- LMS Class 2F "Dock Tank" 0-6-0TLMS Fowler Dock TankThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Fowler Dock Tank was a 0-6-0T steam locomotive. Designed for shunting in docks, it had a short wheelbase in order for it to negotiate tight curves.-History:...
- LMS Class 3MT 2-6-2TLMS Fowler 2-6-2TThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Fowler 2-6-2T was a class of steam locomotive. The LMS classified them 3P, BR 3MT.- Overview :...
- LMS Class 3F "Jinty" 0-6-0T
- LMS Class 4P "Compound" 4-4-0LMS Compound 4-4-0The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Compound 4-4-0 was a class of steam locomotive designed for passenger work.- Overview :One hundred and ninety five engines were built by the LMS, adding to the 45 Midland Railway 1000 Class, to which they were almost identical...
- LMS Class 4MT 2-6-4TLMS Fowler 2-6-4TThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Fowler 2-6-4T is a class of steam locomotive designed by Henry Fowler. 125 were built.The LMS numbered them 2300–424, BR adding 40000 to their numbers to make them 42300–424. The LMS classified them 4P, BR 4MT...
- LMS Class 4F "Derby Four" 0-6-0LMS Fowler Class 4FThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Fowler 4F is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive designed for medium freight work. They represent the ultimate development of Midland Railway's six coupled tender engines.- Background :...
- LMS Class 7F 0-8-0LMS Class 7F 0-8-0The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Fowler Class 7F steam locomotive was an update of the London and North Western Railway G2 Class 0-8-0...
- LMS Class 6P "Patriot" 4-6-0LMS Patriot ClassThe Patriot Class was a class of 52 express passenger steam locomotives built for the London Midland and Scottish Railway. The first locomotive of the class was built in 1930 and the last in 1934. All of the Patriot class locomotives were withdrawn from service by 1965...
- LMS Class 7P "Royal Scot" 4-6-0LMS Royal Scot ClassThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Royal Scot Class is a class of 4-6-0 express passenger locomotive introduced in 1927. Originally having parallel boilers, all members were later rebuilt with tapered type 2A boilers, and were in effect two classes.-Background:Until the mid-1920s, the LMS...
- LMS Garratt 2-6-0+0-6-2LMS GarrattThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Garratt was a class of Garratt 2-6-0+0-6-2 steam locomotive designed for heavy freight. A total of 33 were built from 1927, making them the most numerous class of Garratt in Britain.-Overview:...
- LMS 6399 FuryLMS 6399 FuryThe London Midland and Scottish Railway 6399 Fury was an unsuccessful British experimental express passenger locomotive. The intention was to save fuel by using high-pressure steam, which is thermodynamically more efficient than low-pressure steam....
Stock taken in from the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway
The Somerset and Dorset Joint RailwaySomerset and Dorset Joint Railway
The Somerset & Dorset Joint Railway – almost always referred to as "the S&D" – was an English railway line connecting Bath in north east Somerset and Bournemouth now in south east Dorset but then in Hampshire...
was jointly owned by the LMS and the Southern with the LMS responsible for locomotive affairs. However, its locomotives
Locomotives of the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway
The locomotives of the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway can be broken down into four eras:* The period of independence up to 1874;* The period of joint ownership when Samuel W...
were kept separate until 1928 when they were taken into LMS stock. These mostly consisted of standard Midland types constructed by the Midland and the LMS. The S&DJR 7F 2-8-0
S&DJR 7F 2-8-0
The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway 7F 2-8-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy coal and goods trains. Eleven were built in two batches in 1914 and 1925, and were used until withdrawn between 1959 and 1964...
however was specific to the line.
- S&DJR 7F 2-8-0S&DJR 7F 2-8-0The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway 7F 2-8-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy coal and goods trains. Eleven were built in two batches in 1914 and 1925, and were used until withdrawn between 1959 and 1964...
- S&DJR SentinelsS&DJR SentinelsThe Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway Sentinel locomotives were two small vertical-boilered, chain-driven steam locomotives for shunting. They were built by Sentinel Waggon Works, who also produced similar designs for industrial customers.- Service :...
- and other Midland types.
Stanier (1932–1944)
William StanierWilliam Stanier
Sir William Arthur Stanier, FRS was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.- Biography :...
arrived in 1932 from the Great Western Railway
Great Western Railway
The Great Western Railway was a British railway company that linked London with the south-west and west of England and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, received its enabling Act of Parliament in 1835 and ran its first trains in 1838...
and with the backing of Josiah Stamp, reversed the small engine policy.
- LMS Class 2P 0-4-4TLMS Stanier 0-4-4TThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Stanier 0-4-4T was a class of 10 light passenger locomotives built in 1932. Ostensibly designed under new CME William Stanier, they were in fact the last new design of the Midland Railway's school of engineering....
- LMS Class 3MT 2-6-2TLMS Stanier 2-6-2TThe Stanier 2-6-2T was a class of London, Midland and Scottish Railway steam locomotive. They were designed by William Stanier based on the earlier LMS Fowler 2-6-2T.- Overview :...
- LMS Class 4MT 2-6-4TLMS Stanier 2-6-4TLMS Stanier 2-6-4T may refer to two related types of steam locomotive, considered separately:* LMS 2-Cylindered Stanier 2-6-4T * LMS 3-Cylindered Stanier 2-6-4T...
- LMS Class 5MT 2-6-0LMS Stanier MogulThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Stanier 2-6-0 or Stanier Mogul is a class of 2-6-0 mixed traffic steam locomotive. Forty were built between October 1933 and March 1934.- Overview :...
- LMS Class 5MT "Black Five" 4-6-0
- LMS Class 6P "Jubilee" 4-6-0LMS Jubilee ClassThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Jubilee Class is a class of steam locomotive designed for mainline passenger work. 191 locomotives were built between 1934 and 1936...
- LMS Class 8P "Princess Coronation" 4-6-2LMS Princess Coronation ClassThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Coronation Class is a class of express passenger steam locomotives designed by William Stanier. They were an enlarged version of the LMS Princess Royal Class. Several examples were originally built as streamlined, though this was later removed...
- LMS Class 8P "Princess Royal" 4-6-2LMS Princess Royal ClassThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Princess Royal Class is a class of an express passenger steam locomotive designed by William Stanier. They were Pacifics...
- LMS Class 8F 2-8-0
- LMS TurbomotiveLMS TurbomotiveThe Turbomotive was a modified Princess Royal Class steam locomotive designed by William Stanier and built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1935. It used turbines instead of cylinders...
Fairburn (1944–1945)
Fairburn was somewhat restricted by the rules applied to the railway companies by the war situation (not to mention the fact that Stanier had left things in a state that required little or no new design). He was responsible for the construction of a number of locomotives to Stanier designs (mainly the 8F 2-8-02-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle , eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels...
and 5MT 4-6-0
4-6-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles in a leading truck, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. This wheel arrangement became the second-most popular...
) and some detailed design variations on the latter.
- LMS Class 4MT 2-6-4TLMS Fairburn 2-6-4TThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Fairburn Tank 2-6-4T steam locomotives are a class of steam locomotive. They were designed by Charles E. Fairburn for the London Midland and Scottish Railway...
Ivatt (1945–1947)
George IvattGeorge Ivatt
Henry George Ivatt known as George Ivatt, was the post-war Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London Midland and Scottish Railway. He was the son of the Great Northern Railway locomotive engineer Henry Ivatt....
, son of the former GNR CME Henry Ivatt
Henry Ivatt
Henry Alfred Ivatt was the Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Great Northern Railway from 1896 to 1911.- Biography :...
became CME in 1946. He continued building some Stanier types, but introduced some low-powered class 2 engines and a medium-powered class 4 mixed traffic design. A pair of main line diesels were also produced.
- LMS Class 2MT 2-6-0LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for light mixed traffic.-Design:...
- LMS Class 2MT 2-6-2TLMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-2TThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Ivatt Class 2 2-6-2T is a class of light 'mixed-traffic' steam locomotive introduced in 1946.- Background :...
- LMS Class 4MT 2-6-0LMS Ivatt Class 4The LMS Ivatt Class 4 2-6-0 is a class of steam locomotive primarily designed for medium freight work but also widely used on secondary passenger services. The London Midland and Scottish Railway built 162 of this type between 1947 and 1952, but only three were built by the LMS before...
- LMS Class 8P "Princess Coronation" 4-6-2LMS Princess Coronation ClassThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Coronation Class is a class of express passenger steam locomotives designed by William Stanier. They were an enlarged version of the LMS Princess Royal Class. Several examples were originally built as streamlined, though this was later removed...
(modified version)
Modern Traction
The LMS experimented with various forms of non-steam locomotives, and pioneered the use of diesel locomotives in Great BritainGreat Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
.
- LMS diesel locomotivesBritish Rail Class D16/1British Railways Class D16/1 or 10000 and 10001 were the first mainline diesel locomotives in Great Britain. They were built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at its Derby Works, using the EE16SVT 1600 hp diesel engine with electric transmission, in association with English Electric and...
- LMS diesel shuntersLMS diesel shuntersThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway pioneered the use of diesel shunting locomotives in Great Britain. The variety of experimental and production diesel shunters produced by the LMS is summarised below...
- LMS diesel shunter 1831LMS diesel shunter 1831This was the first experimental diesel shunter of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway — the company which pioneered diesel shunting in the UK — nominally rebuilt by the former Midland Railway's Derby Works from a 1377 Class 0-6-0T steam locomotive originally built in September 1892 by the...
- LMS diesel shunter 1831
- LMS petrol shunters
- LMS railcarsLMS railcarsThe London Midland and Scottish Railway introduced a number of railcars to service between 1933 and 1939. They were mainly single units but one was a three-car articulated set.-Single units:...
Post-Nationalisation
LMS locomotive design should have ended in 1948 at Nationalisation, but had enormous influence over the design of British RailBritish Rail
British Railways , which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was the operator of most of the rail transport in Great Britain between 1948 and 1997. It was formed from the nationalisation of the "Big Four" British railway companies and lasted until the gradual privatisation of British Rail, in stages...
's 'Standard' steam locomotives by former LMS man R.A. Riddles. Some of the designs were little changed from the comparable designs by Ivatt.
Riddles built quite a few examples of designs from the 'Big Four', including most of the Fairburn/Ivatt tankers. These were distributed around the system, with quite a few of the 2-6-2 designs going to the Southern Region.
Withdrawal
Pre-grouping types were withdrawn early for being non-standard, and locomotives were routinely withdrawn after their lives expired.Withdrawal of locomotives generally did not take place until the great locomotive cull of British Railways in the period 1962-1966. A pair of "Black Fives" were the last steam locomotives to be run on British Railways in 1968, although since then there have been almost weekly charter runs for the enthusiast and tourist markets and the occasional timetabled service (for instance at Dawlish
Dawlish
Dawlish is a town and civil parish in Teignbridge on the south coast of Devon in England, from the county town of Exeter. It has a population of 12,819...
and Stratford-upon-Avon
Stratford-upon-Avon
Stratford-upon-Avon is a market town and civil parish in south Warwickshire, England. It lies on the River Avon, south east of Birmingham and south west of Warwick. It is the largest and most populous town of the District of Stratford-on-Avon, which uses the term "on" to indicate that it covers...
).
Preservation
A significant number of LMS locomotives have been preserved:- Three LMS Hughes CrabLMS Hughes CrabThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Hughes Crab or Horwich Mogul is a class of mixed traffic 2-6-0 steam locomotive built between 1926 and 1932. They are noted for their appearance with large highly-angled cylinders caused by restricted loading gauge...
s - Ten LMS Class 3F "Jinty" 0-6-0T
- Three LMS Class 4F 0-6-0
- Two LMS Royal Scot ClassLMS Royal Scot ClassThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Royal Scot Class is a class of 4-6-0 express passenger locomotive introduced in 1927. Originally having parallel boilers, all members were later rebuilt with tapered type 2A boilers, and were in effect two classes.-Background:Until the mid-1920s, the LMS...
- One LMS 3-Cylindered Stanier 2-6-4TLMS 3-Cylindered Stanier 2-6-4TLMS 3-Cylindered Stanier 2-6-4T is a class of steam locomotive designed for work over the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway. All 2500-36 were built in 1934 at Derby Works. The third cylinder was provided to allow increased acceleration between the many stops on the L.T.&S.R. line. From 1935 the...
- One LMS Stanier MogulLMS Stanier MogulThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Stanier 2-6-0 or Stanier Mogul is a class of 2-6-0 mixed traffic steam locomotive. Forty were built between October 1933 and March 1934.- Overview :...
- Eighteen Black Fives
- Four LMS Jubilee ClassLMS Jubilee ClassThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Jubilee Class is a class of steam locomotive designed for mainline passenger work. 191 locomotives were built between 1934 and 1936...
- Two LMS Princess Royal ClassLMS Princess Royal ClassThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Princess Royal Class is a class of an express passenger steam locomotive designed by William Stanier. They were Pacifics...
- Three LMS Princess Coronation ClassLMS Princess Coronation ClassThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Coronation Class is a class of express passenger steam locomotives designed by William Stanier. They were an enlarged version of the LMS Princess Royal Class. Several examples were originally built as streamlined, though this was later removed...
- Eleven LMS Stanier Class 8FLMS Stanier Class 8FThe London Midland and Scottish Railway's 8F class 2-8-0 heavy freight locomotive is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy freight...
- Two LMS Fairburn 2-6-4TLMS Fairburn 2-6-4TThe London Midland and Scottish Railway Fairburn Tank 2-6-4T steam locomotives are a class of steam locomotive. They were designed by Charles E. Fairburn for the London Midland and Scottish Railway...
- Seven LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for light mixed traffic.-Design:...
- Four LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-2TLMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-2TThe London, Midland and Scottish Railway Ivatt Class 2 2-6-2T is a class of light 'mixed-traffic' steam locomotive introduced in 1946.- Background :...
- One LMS Ivatt Class 4LMS Ivatt Class 4The LMS Ivatt Class 4 2-6-0 is a class of steam locomotive primarily designed for medium freight work but also widely used on secondary passenger services. The London Midland and Scottish Railway built 162 of this type between 1947 and 1952, but only three were built by the LMS before...
A smaller number of pre-grouping locomotives inherited by the LMS have also been preserved.