Littorinoidea
Encyclopedia
Littorinoidea is a superfamily
of both sea snail
s and land snail
s which have a gill
and an operculum
, terrestrial
and marine
gastropod mollusks in the clade
Littorinimorpha
.
The terrestrial family within this group, the Pomatiidae
, are sometimes humorously called winkles come ashore because the group originated in the sea and the family Littorinidae are known as winkles.
:
(Extinct taxa indicated by a dagger
, †.)
Taxonomic rank
In biological classification, rank is the level in a taxonomic hierarchy. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, and class. Each rank subsumes under it a number of less general categories...
of both sea snail
Sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for those snails that normally live in saltwater, marine gastropod molluscs....
s and land snail
Land snail
A land snail is any of the many species of snail that live on land, as opposed to those that live in salt water and fresh water. Land snails are terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells, It is not always an easy matter to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less...
s which have a gill
Gill
A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extracts dissolved oxygen from water, afterward excreting carbon dioxide. The gills of some species such as hermit crabs have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are kept moist...
and an operculum
Operculum (gastropod)
The operculum, meaning little lid, is a corneous or calcareous anatomical structure which exists in many groups of sea snails and freshwater snails, and also in a few groups of land snails...
, terrestrial
Terrestrial animal
Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land , as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats...
and marine
Marine (ocean)
Marine is an umbrella term. As an adjective it is usually applicable to things relating to the sea or ocean, such as marine biology, marine ecology and marine geology...
gastropod mollusks in the clade
Clade
A clade is a group consisting of a species and all its descendants. In the terms of biological systematics, a clade is a single "branch" on the "tree of life". The idea that such a "natural group" of organisms should be grouped together and given a taxonomic name is central to biological...
Littorinimorpha
Littorinimorpha
Littorinimorpha is a large clade of gastropods within Hypsogastropoda consisting primarily of marine species, but also aquatic and terrestrial species as well....
.
The terrestrial family within this group, the Pomatiidae
Pomatiidae
The family Pomatiidae is a taxonomic family of small operculate land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that can be found over the warmer parts of the Old World. In the older literature, this family is designated as Pomatiasidae....
, are sometimes humorously called winkles come ashore because the group originated in the sea and the family Littorinidae are known as winkles.
Taxonomy
The following families and subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005)Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...
:
- LittorinidaeLittorinidaeLittorinidae is a taxonomic family of over 200 species of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha, commonly known as periwinkles and found world-wide.-Names:...
Children, 1834 - the periwinkles- Subfamily Littorininae Children, 1834
- Subfamily Lacuninae Gray, 1857
- Subfamily Laevilitorininae Reid, 1989
- † BohaispiridaeBohaispiridaeBohaispiridae is an extinct family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.According to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi the family Bohaispiridae has no subfamilies.- References :*...
Youluo, 1978 - PickworthiidaePickworthiidaePickworthiidae is a family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.-Taxonomy:The following three subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi :...
IredaleTom IredaleTom Iredale was an English-born ornithologist and malacologist who had a long association with Australia, where he lived for most of his life. He was an autodidact who never went to university and lacked formal training...
, 1917- Subfamily Pickworthiinae IredaleTom IredaleTom Iredale was an English-born ornithologist and malacologist who had a long association with Australia, where he lived for most of his life. He was an autodidact who never went to university and lacked formal training...
, 1917 - Subfamily Pelycidiinae PonderWinston PonderWinston F. Ponder B.Sc, M.Sc, Ph.D, D.Sc. is a noted malacologist from New Zealand who has named and described many marine animals, especially micromolluscs. He is a graduate of the University of Auckland, New Zealand....
& Hall, 1983 - Subfamily Sherborniinae IredaleTom IredaleTom Iredale was an English-born ornithologist and malacologist who had a long association with Australia, where he lived for most of his life. He was an autodidact who never went to university and lacked formal training...
, 1917
- Subfamily Pickworthiinae Iredale
- PomatiidaePomatiidaeThe family Pomatiidae is a taxonomic family of small operculate land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that can be found over the warmer parts of the Old World. In the older literature, this family is designated as Pomatiasidae....
Newton, 1891 (1828)- Subfamily Pomatiinae Newton, 1891
- Subfamily Annulariinae Henderson & Bartsch, 1920
- † PurpurinidaePurpurinidaePurpurinidae is an extinct family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.According to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi the family Purpurinidae has no subfamilies....
Zittel, 1895 - SkeneopsidaeSkeneopsidaeSkeneopsidae is a family of very small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.According to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi the family Purpurinidae has no subfamilies.- Genera :* Genus Skeneopsis T...
IredaleTom IredaleTom Iredale was an English-born ornithologist and malacologist who had a long association with Australia, where he lived for most of his life. He was an autodidact who never went to university and lacked formal training...
, 1915 - † TripartellidaeTripartellidaeTripartellidae is an extinct family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.According to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi the family Tripartellidae has no subfamilies.- References :*...
Gründel, 2001 - ZerotulidaeZerotulidaeZerotulidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi the family Zerotulidae has no subfamilies.- Genera :...
Warén & Hain, 1996
(Extinct taxa indicated by a dagger
Dagger (typography)
A dagger, or obelisk. is a typographical symbol or glyph. The term "obelisk" derives from Greek , which means "little obelus"; from meaning "roasting spit"...
, †.)