List of political parties in Mexico
Encyclopedia
This article lists political parties in Mexico.
Mexico
has a multi-party system
, which means that there are more than two dominant political parties
. Nationally, there are three large political parties that dominate: the PRI, the PAN, and the PRD. Other smaller political parties survive in isolation or by forming local coalitions with any of the big three.
has seven nationally recognized political parties
by the Federal Electoral Institute
. National recognition was given to those parties that secured representation in Congress
(effectively, a share of the popular vote greater than 2%).
Under Mexican law, parties are listed in the order in which they were first registered, thus:
In terms of their congressional representation and share of the national vote, only PRI, PAN and the PRD can be considered major parties.
according to their own criteria and regulations, which may differ from those of IFE. This list is complete as of 2006.
Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
has a multi-party system
Multi-party system
A multi-party system is a system in which multiple political parties have the capacity to gain control of government separately or in coalition, e.g.The Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition in the United Kingdom formed in 2010. The effective number of parties in a multi-party system is normally...
, which means that there are more than two dominant political parties
Political Parties
Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy is a book by sociologist Robert Michels, published in 1911 , and first introducing the concept of iron law of oligarchy...
. Nationally, there are three large political parties that dominate: the PRI, the PAN, and the PRD. Other smaller political parties survive in isolation or by forming local coalitions with any of the big three.
National parties
As of 2011, MexicoMexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
has seven nationally recognized political parties
Political Parties
Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy is a book by sociologist Robert Michels, published in 1911 , and first introducing the concept of iron law of oligarchy...
by the Federal Electoral Institute
Federal Electoral Institute
The Federal Electoral Institute is an autonomous, public organization responsible for organizing federal elections in Mexico, that is, those related to the election of the President of the United Mexican States and to the election of the members of the Lower and Upper Chambers that constitute the ...
. National recognition was given to those parties that secured representation in Congress
Congress of Mexico
The Congress of the Union is the legislative branch of the Mexican government...
(effectively, a share of the popular vote greater than 2%).
Under Mexican law, parties are listed in the order in which they were first registered, thus:
- National Action PartyNational Action Party (Mexico)The National Action Party , is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. The party's political platform is generally considered Centre-Right in the Mexican political spectrum. Since 2000, the President of Mexico has been a member of this party; both houses have PAN pluralities, but the...
(Partido Acción Nacional, PAN) – a right of center party member of Christian DemocracyChristian DemocracyChristian democracy is a political ideology that seeks to apply Christian principles to public policy. It emerged in nineteenth-century Europe under the influence of conservatism and Catholic social teaching...
. It is the party of incumbent President Felipe CalderónFelipe CalderónFelipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa is the current President of Mexico. He assumed office on December 1, 2006, and was elected for a single six-year term through 2012...
. It is the largest party in the Senate. - Institutional Revolutionary PartyInstitutional Revolutionary PartyThe Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party that held power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The PRI is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution , making Mexico one of the few...
(Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI) – the dominating party, under different names, at the municipal, state, and national levels for most of the 20th century. It is currently the dominant party in the Chamber of Deputies and at the municipal and state level, second in the Senate. A part of the Socialist InternationalSocialist InternationalThe Socialist International is a worldwide organization of democratic socialist, social democratic and labour political parties. It was formed in 1951.- History :...
, it is now considered as a centrist party, with prominent members leaning from both the left and right, and supports a policy of mixed economy and nationalized industries, both of which are longstanding Mexican practices. - Party of the Democratic RevolutionParty of the Democratic RevolutionThe Party of the Democratic Revolution is a democratic socialist party in Mexico and one of 2 Mexican affiliates of the Socialist International...
(Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) – a left of center party. Born as "National Democratic FrontNational Democratic Front (Mexico)The National Democratic Front was a coalition of left-wing Mexican political parties created in 1988 presidential elections, and that is the immediate antecedent of the Party of the Democratic Revolution. It was result of an agglutination of small political left and center-left forces with a...
", a joint effort from a splinter group of the PRI and several forces from the left, in the 1988 electionsMexican general election, 1988General elections were held in Mexico on July 6, 1988. The presidential elections were won by Carlos Salinas de Gortari, who received 50.7% of the vote, the lowest for a winning candidate since direct elections were introduced for the presidency in 1917...
. Its first candidate and founder, Cuauhtémoc CárdenasCuauhtémoc CárdenasCuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano is a prominent Mexican politician. He was a former Head of Government of the Federal District and a founder of the Party of the Democratic Revolution .-Biography:...
, lost the 1988 presidential election under dubious circumstances, which eventually helped the party consolidate itself. It has long controlled the Federal District. - Labor PartyLabor Party (Mexico)The Labor Party is a nationally recognized political party in Mexico. It was founded on December 8, 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya....
(Partido del Trabajo, PT) – a laborist political party formed in 1990. It is often allied with the PRD for electoral purposes. - Ecologist Green Party of MexicoEcologist Green Party of MexicoThe Ecologist Green Party of Mexico is one of the six political parties to have representation in the Mexican Congress. The party's congressional strength currently stands at 17 deputies and five senators .-Elections 2000:...
(Partido Verde Ecologista de México, PVEM) – a minor partyMinor partyMinor party is a political party that play a smaller role than a major party in a country's politics and elections. The difference between minor and major parties can be so big that the membership total, donations, and the candidates that they are able to produce or attract are very distinct...
with an environmental platform. This party allied with the PAN to elect the first non-PRI president in almost seven decades. Since then it has mostly allied with the PRI. - ConvergenceConvergence (Mexico)Convergence is a political party in Mexico. It was previously known as Convergence for Democracy but the party assembly decided, in August 2002, to adopt the shorter form of its name.Convergence was founded as a "national political grouping" in 1997...
(Convergencia, formerly Convergencia por la Democracia) – a social democratic party, formed in 1997. - New AllianceNew Alliance Party (Mexico)The New Alliance Party is one of the newest political parties in Mexico.Its creation was proposed by the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación , the largest trade union in Latin America, led by Elba Esther Gordillo, the controversial former general secretary of the Institutional...
(Nueva Alianza) – originally created by academics of the Autonomous Technical Institute of MexicoITAMITAM may refer to:*Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México, a private research university located in Mexico City, Mexico*IT asset management*Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif...
and members of the National Educational Workers UnionSindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la EducaciónThe Mexican National Educational Workers Union is the largest trade union in Latin America, with over 1.4 million members. Formed in 1949, the SNTE is composed of local sections in each of Mexico's states...
, the largest union in Latin AmericaLatin AmericaLatin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...
. It was established on July 14, 2005.
In terms of their congressional representation and share of the national vote, only PRI, PAN and the PRD can be considered major parties.
Local parties
Local parties are registered with the Electoral Institute of each Mexican stateStates of Mexico
The United Mexican States is a federal republic formed by 32 federal entities .According to the Constitution of 1917, the states of the federation are free and sovereign. Each state has their own congress and constitution, while the Federal District has only limited autonomy with a local Congress...
according to their own criteria and regulations, which may differ from those of IFE. This list is complete as of 2006.
- State Party of Baja California (Partido Estatal de Baja California, Baja CaliforniaBaja CaliforniaBaja California officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is both the northernmost and westernmost state of Mexico. Before becoming a state in 1953, the area was known as the North...
) - Social Encounter Party (Partido Encuentro Social, Baja California)
- South Californian Movement of Political Renovation (Movimiento de Renovación Política Sudcaliforniana, Baja California SurBaja California SurBaja California Sur , is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Before becoming a state on October 8, 1974, the area was known as the South Territory of Baja California. It has an area of , or 3.57% of the land mass of Mexico and comprises...
) - Democratic Unity of Coahuila (Unidad Democrática de Coahuila, CoahuilaCoahuilaCoahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...
) - Cardenist Party of Coahuila (Partido Cardenista Coahuilense, Coahuila)
- Colima Democratic AssociationColima Democratic AssociationThe Colima Democratic Association , known by the acronym ADC, is a political party from the State of Colima, Mexico....
(Asociación Democrática de Colima, ColimaColimaColima is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima....
) - Party of Durango (Partido Duranguense, DurangoDurangoDurango officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Durango is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is located in Northwest Mexico. With a population of 1,632,934, it has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja...
) - Alliance for Guerrero Party (Partido Alianza por Guerrero, GuerreroGuerreroGuerrero officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Guerrero is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 81 municipalities and its capital city is Chilpancingo....
) - Socialist Revolution Party (Partido de la Revolución Socialista, NayaritNayaritNayarit officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Nayarit is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 20 municipalities and its capital city is Tepic.It is located in Western Mexico...
) - Popular Unity Party (Partido Unidad Popular, OaxacaOaxacaOaxaca , , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca is one of the 31 states which, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 571 municipalities; of which 418 are governed by the system of customs and traditions...
) - Popular Conscience Party (Partido Conciencia Popular, San Luis PotosíSan Luis PotosíSan Luis Potosí officially Estado Libre y Soberano de San Luis Potosí is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 58 municipalities and its capital city is San Luis Potosí....
) - Democratic Center of Tlaxcala Party (Partido del Centro Democrático de Tlaxcala, TlaxcalaTlaxcalaTlaxcala officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tlaxcala is one of the 31 states which along with the Federal District comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 60 municipalities and its capital city is Tlaxcala....
) - Revolutionary Party of Veracruz (Partido Revolucionario Veracruzano VeracruzVeracruzVeracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave , is one of the 31 states that, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided in 212 municipalities and its capital city is...
) - Alliance for Yucatan PartyAlliance for Yucatan PartyThe Alliance for Yucatán Party , known by the acronym PAY, is a political party from the State of Yucatán, Mexico....
(Partido Alianza por Yucatán, YucatánYucatánYucatán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 106 municipalities and its capital city is Mérida....
) - Coahuila First (Primero Coahuila, CoahuilaCoahuilaCoahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...
) - Social Democratic Party of Coahuila (Social Democrata de Coahuila, CoahuilaCoahuilaCoahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...
)
Former parties
During the 19th century the two most important parties were the Liberals (Liberales) and the Conservatives (Conservadores).- Agrarianist Labor Party of Morelos (MorelosMorelosMorelos officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Morelos is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 33 municipalities and its capital city is Cuernavaca....
) - Authentic Party of the Mexican RevolutionAuthentic Party of the Mexican RevolutionThe Authentic Party of Mexican Revolution is a Mexican political party, that existed from 1955 to 2000. PARM was generally considered a satellite party of the governing Institutional Revolutionary Party ....
- Cardenist Front of National Reconstruction
- Citizen Force PartyCitizen Force PartyCitizen Force Party was a Mexican political party that had legal registry between 2002 and 2003, their postulates did not fit within the traditional political phantom of left or right, but that it looked for to be one more an option for the citizen policy....
- Coalition of Workers, Farmers, and Students of the Isthmus (OaxacaOaxacaOaxaca , , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca is one of the 31 states which, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 571 municipalities; of which 418 are governed by the system of customs and traditions...
) - Electoral Front of the People
- Evolutionist Party
- Federation of Parties of the People
- Laborist Party
- Liberal Constitutionalist Party
- National Synarchist UnionNational Synarchist UnionThe National Synarchist Union is a Mexican political organization. It was historically a movement of the Roman Catholic extreme right, in some ways akin to clerical fascism and falangism, violently opposed to the leftist and secularist policies of the revolutionary governments that ruled Mexico...
- México PosibleMéxico PosibleMéxico Posible was a Mexican political party of brief existence which took part in the midterm Mexican legislative election, 2003. The party was led by Patricia Mercado...
- Mexican Communist PartyMexican Communist PartyThe Mexican Communist Party was a communist party in Mexico. It was founded in 1911 as the Socialist Workers' Party by Manabendra Nath Roy, a left-wing Indian intellectual. The PSO changed its name to the Mexican Communist Party in November 1919 following the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia...
- Mexican Democratic PartyMexican Democratic PartyThe Mexican Democratic Party was an ultra-Catholic social conservative political party in Mexico that existed between 1979 and 1997.-Origins:...
- Mexican Liberal PartyMexican Liberal PartyThe Mexican Liberal Party was an anarchist group co-founded by Ricardo Flores Magón in 1906, in opposition to the rule of Porfirio Díaz. The MLP was involved in strikes and uprisings in Mexico from 1906 to 1911. The party controlled most parts of Baja California in 1911, including Tijuana,...
- Mexican Liberal Party (2003)
- Mexican Socialist PartyMexican Socialist PartyThe Socialist Mexican Party was the former left-wing Mexican political party immediate antecedent of the present Party of the Democratic Revolution, it was the last effort of unification of the different Mexican parties of left and the last political party that the socialist word in its name was...
- Mexican Workers' PartyMexican Workers' PartyThe Mexican Workers' Party was an old Mexican political party of left, that had legal registration in the 1980s, its main political figures were Heberto Castillo and Demetrio Vallejo....
- National Agrarianist Party
- National Antireelectionist Paty
- National Catholic Party
- National Cooperativist Party
- Party of the Democratic CentreParty of the Democratic CentreThe Party of the Democratic Center was a political party in Mexico.In the presidential elections of 2 July 2000, its candidate Manuel Camacho Solís won 0.6% of the popular vote. In the senatorial elections of the same date, the party won 1.4% but no seats in the Senate. Since it did not secure...
- Party of the Nationalist SocietyParty of the Nationalist SocietyThe Party of the Nationalist Society is a former political party in Mexico that existed between 1998 and 2003. Founded and led by Gustavo Riojas Santana, it was a center-left party which advocated nationalist policies...
- Party of the Rose
- Popular Force PartyPopular Force PartyThe Popular Force Party or People's Force Party was created in 1945 as the electoral arm of the National Synarchist Union to participate in the 1946 presidential election, in which it supported the independent Jesús A...
- Popular Socialist PartyPopular Socialist Party (Mexico)The Popular Socialist Party is a communist party in Mexico. It was founded in 1948 as the Popular Party by Vicente Lombardo Toledano....
- Progressive Constitutionalist PartyProgressive Constitutionalist PartyProgressive Constitutionalist Party was a political party in Mexico. The party was founded by Francisco I. Madero in 1910. The party supported Madero, and later General Venustiano Carranza. In 1929 the PCP merged into the National Revolutionary Party....
- Radical Socialist Party of Tabasco (TabascoTabascoTabasco officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa....
) - Republican Party (Nuevo LeónNuevo LeónNuevo León It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León has a 15 kilometer stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S...
) - Revolutionary Confederation of Independent Parties
- Revolutionary Party of National UnificationRevolutionary Party of National UnificationRevolutionary Party of National Unification was a political party in Mexico. PRUN was founded in 1939, to support the candidacy of General Juan Andreu Almazán in the 1940 presidential election. Almazán got 5.7% of the national vote....
- Social Alliance PartySocial Alliance PartyThe Social Alliance Party was a political party in Mexico.The PAS was defined to itself as a humanist party and rejected to be fit in in the traditional spectrum of right, center or left, nevertheless was considered of right al to be its main one of precurors and to originate almost all its...
- Social DemocracySocial Democracy (Mexico)Social Democracy was a Mexican political party formed in June 1999 and disbanded after the 2000 federal elections....
- Social Democratic PartySocial Democratic Party (Mexico)The Social Democratic Party was a short-lived Mexican political party.The party's first name was Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party but on May 2007 changed its name to Social Democratic Alternative Party, and in 2008 changed once again to simply Socialdemocratic...
- Socialist Labor Party
- Socialist Left Party
- Socialist Party of the Frontier (TamaulipasTamaulipasTamaulipas officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tamaulipas is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 43 municipalities and its capital city is Ciudad Victoria. The capital city was named after Guadalupe Victoria, the...
) - Socialist Party of the Southeast (YucatánYucatánYucatán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 106 municipalities and its capital city is Mérida....
) - Socialist Workers Party
- Unified Socialist Party of MexicoUnified Socialist Party of MexicoThe Unified Socialist Party of Mexico was a far-left political party in Mexico. It later became the Mexican Socialist Party in 1988...
- Workers Party of AcapulcoWorkers Party of AcapulcoWorkers Party of Acapulco was a local political party in Acapulco, Mexico. POA was founded in 1919 by Juan R. Escudero. POA published Regeneración....
(GuerreroGuerreroGuerrero officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Guerrero is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 81 municipalities and its capital city is Chilpancingo....
) - Workers' Revolutionary PartyWorkers' Revolutionary Party (Mexico)The Workers' Revolutionary Party was a Trotskyist political party in Mexico. It was founded in 1976 by the merger of two Trotskyist groups: the International Communist League, associated with the United Secretariat of the Fourth International and the Mexican Morenists.In 1977, the Marxist Workers'...
See also
- National political associationNational political associationIn the context of Mexican politics, a national political association is a citizens' association intended to assist in the development of democratic life and the country's political culture, as well as being intended to create a better informed public opinion...
- Liberalism in MexicoLiberalism in MexicoThis article gives an overview of liberalism in Mexico. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament....
- Politics of MexicoPolitics of MexicoThe politics of Mexico take place in a framework of a federal presidential representative democratic republic whose government is based on a congressional system, whereby the president of Mexico is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system...
- List of political parties by country
External links
- Federal Electoral Institute - A list of officially registered national parties can be consulted here.
- http://www.marketingpolitico.com.mx/Institutoselectorales.htm - Index of links to every Electoral Institute in each state of Mexico. Lists of political parties in each state can be consulted in each website.