A list of common and basic information standards, that are conventionally used internationally.

In circumstances and situations there are certain methods and systems that are used as benchmarks, guidelines or protocols for communication

Communication

Communication is the activity of conveying meaningful information. Communication requires a sender, a message, and an intended recipient, although the receiver need not be present or aware of the sender's intent to communicate at the time of communication; thus communication can occur across vast...

, measurement

Measurement

Measurement is the process or the result of determining the ratio of a physical quantity, such as a length, time, temperature etc., to a unit of measurement, such as the metre, second or degree Celsius...

, orientation, science

Science

Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe...

, symbol

Symbol

A symbol is something which represents an idea, a physical entity or a process but is distinct from it. The purpose of a symbol is to communicate meaning. For example, a red octagon may be a symbol for "STOP". On a map, a picture of a tent might represent a campsite. Numerals are symbols for...

s and time

Time

Time is a part of the measuring system used to sequence events, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them, and to quantify rates of change such as the motions of objects....

. To convey meaning or relate details.

The standards listed may be formal or informal and some might not be recognised by all governments or organisations.

Communication

• Braille
  Braille
  The Braille system is a method that is widely used by blind people to read and write, and was the first digital form of writing.Braille was devised in 1825 by Louis Braille, a blind Frenchman. Each Braille character, or cell, is made up of six dot positions, arranged in a rectangle containing two...
  
  
• Diving signal
  Diving signal
  Diver communications are the methods used by divers to communicate with each other or with surface members of the dive team.There are several distinct forms of diver communications:...
  
  s
• Flag semaphore
  Flag semaphore
  Semaphore Flags is the system for conveying information at a distance by means of visual signals with hand-held flags, rods, disks, paddles, or occasionally bare or gloved hands. Information is encoded by the position of the flags; it is read when the flag is in a fixed position...
  
  
• International Code of Signals
  International Code of Signals
  The International Code of Signals is an international system of signals and codes for use by vessels to communicate important messages regarding safety of navigation and related matters. Signals can be sent by flaghoist, signal lamp , flag semaphore, radiotelegraphy, and radiotelephony...
  
  
• International Maritime Signal Flags
  International maritime signal flags
  The system of international maritime signal flags is one system of flag signals representing individual letters of the alphabet in signals to or from ships...
  
  
• International Phonetic Alphabet
  International Phonetic Alphabet
  The International Phonetic Alphabet "The acronym 'IPA' strictly refers [...] to the 'International Phonetic Association'. But it is now such a common practice to use the acronym also to refer to the alphabet itself that resistance seems pedantic...
  
  
• Morse code
  Morse code
  Morse code is a method of transmitting textual information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment...
  
  
• Musical notation
  Musical notation
  Music notation or musical notation is any system that represents aurally perceived music, through the use of written symbols.-History:...
  
  
• Sign language
  Sign language
  A sign language is a language which, instead of acoustically conveyed sound patterns, uses visually transmitted sign patterns to convey meaning—simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to fluidly express a speaker's...
  
  
• Spoken language
  Spoken language
  Spoken language is a form of human communication in which words derived from a large vocabulary together with a diverse variety of names are uttered through or with the mouth. All words are made up from a limited set of vowels and consonants. The spoken words they make are stringed into...
  
  
• Standard Marine Communication Phrases
  Standard Marine Communication Phrases
  The Standard Marine Communication Phrases is a set of key phrases in the English language , supported by the international community for use at sea and developed by the International Maritime Organization...
  
  
• Tactile signing
  Tactile signing
  Tactile signing is a common means of communication used by people with both a sight and hearing impairment , which is based on a standard system of Deaf manual signs.-Kinds of tactile signing:...
  
  
• Ten-code
  Ten-code
  Ten-codes, also known as ten signals, are code words used to represent common phrases in voice communication, particularly by law enforcement and in Citizens' Band radio transmissions....
  
  
• Voice procedure
  Voice procedure
  Voice procedure includes various techniques used to clarify, simplify and standardize spoken communications over two-way radios, in use by the military, in civil aviation, police and fire dispatching systems, citizens' band radio , etc....
  
  

In electronics

• Binary code
  Binary code
  A binary code is a way of representing text or computer processor instructions by the use of the binary number system's two-binary digits 0 and 1. This is accomplished by assigning a bit string to each particular symbol or instruction...
  
  
• Unicode
  Unicode
  Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems...
  
  

Orientation

• Arrow (symbol)
  Arrow (symbol)
  An arrow is a graphical symbol such as → or ←, used to point or indicate direction, being in its simplest form a line segment with a triangle affixed to one end, and in more complex forms a representation of an actual arrow...
  
  
• Cardinal direction
  Cardinal direction
  The four cardinal directions or cardinal points are the directions of north, east, south, and west, commonly denoted by their initials: N, E, S, W. East and west are at right angles to north and south, with east being in the direction of rotation and west being directly opposite. Intermediate...
  
  , also known as absolute direction
• Relative direction
  Relative direction
  The most common relative directions are left, right, forward, backward, up, and down. No absolute direction corresponds to any of the relative directions. This is a consequence of the translational invariance of the laws of physics: nature, loosely speaking, behaves the same no matter what...
  
  

Science

• Electromagnetic spectrum
  Electromagnetic spectrum
  The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. The "electromagnetic spectrum" of an object is the characteristic distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object....
  
  
• Genome reference
  Reference genome
  A reference genome is a digital nucleic acid sequence database, assembled by scientists as a representative example of a species' genetic code. As they are often assembled from the sequencing of DNA from a number of donors, reference genomes do not accurately represent the genetic code of any...
  
  
• Medical classification
  Medical classification
  Medical classification, or medical coding, is the process of transforming descriptions of medical diagnoses and procedures into universal medical code numbers...
  
  
• Periodic table

Symbols

• Chemical symbol
  Chemical symbol
  A chemical symbol is a 1- or 2-letter internationally agreed code for a chemical element, usually derived from the name of the element, often in Latin. Only the first letter is capitalised...
  
  s
• Hazard symbol
  Hazard symbol
  Hazard symbols are recognizable symbols designed to warn about hazardous materials or locations. The use of hazard symbols is often regulated by law and directed by standards organizations...
  
  
• International Symbol of Access
  International Symbol of Access
  The International Symbol of Access , also known as the Wheelchair Symbol, consists of a blue square overlaid in white with a stylized image of a person using a wheelchair...
  
  
• No symbol
  No symbol
  The no symbol is a circle with a diagonal line through it , surrounding a pictogram used to indicate something is not permitted...
  
  
• Mathematical symbols
• Recycling symbol
  Recycling symbol
  The universal recycling symbol or in Unicode) is an internationally recognized symbol used to designate recyclable materials. It is composed of three mutually chasing arrows that form a Möbius strip ....
  
  
• Tick (check mark)
• Traffic light
  Traffic light
  Traffic lights, which may also be known as stoplights, traffic lamps, traffic signals, signal lights, robots or semaphore, are signalling devices positioned at road intersections, pedestrian crossings and other locations to control competing flows of traffic...
  
  
• X mark
  X mark
  An x mark is a mark used to indicate the concept of negation as well as affirmation...
  
  

In electronics

• Electronic symbols, for circuit diagram
  Circuit diagram
  A circuit diagram is a simplified conventional graphical representation of an electrical circuit...
  
  s
• Media control symbols
  Media controls
  In digital electronics, analogue electronics and entertainment, the interface of media may include media controls or player controls, to enact and change or adjust the process of watching film or listening to audio.-Symbols:...
  
  
• Power symbol
  Power symbol
  A power symbol is a symbol indicating that a control activates or deactivates a particular device. It incorporates line and circle figures, with the arrangement informed by the function of the control...
  
  

See also

• Index of standards articles
  Index of standards articles
  - A :Advanced Audio Coding -- Advanced Encryption Standard -- ANSI -- ANSI C standard library -- ASCII -- ASN.1 -- avoirdupois --- B :barcode -- BASIC programming language -- British Standards Institution -- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures - C :...
  
  
• International Communication Association
  International Communication Association
  The International Communication Association is a non-profit academic association founded in 1950 as the National Society for the Study of Communication , whose members are interested in the study, teaching, and application of all aspects of human communication." The Association maintains an...
  
  
• International Organisation for Standardisation
  International Organization for Standardization
  The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO, is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Founded on February 23, 1947, the organization promulgates worldwide proprietary, industrial and commercial...
  
  
• International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
• List of symbols
• Lists of spoken and written languages
• Substitute flag

External links

• ISO - International Organisation for Standardisation