Levallois-Perret
Encyclopedia
Levallois-Perret is a commune
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...

 in the northwestern suburbs of Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

. It is located 6.4 km (4 mi) from the centre of Paris
Kilometre Zero
In many countries, Kilometre Zero or similar terms in other languages, is a particular location , from which distances are traditionally measured...

.

Name

The name Levallois-Perret comes from two housing developments, Champerret (started by landowner Jean-Jacques Perret in 1822) and Village Levallois (founded by developer Nicolas-Eugène Levallois in 1845), and which resulted in the incorporation of the commune (see history section below).

History

On the territory of what is now Levallois-Perret there existed before the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...

 the village of Villiers and the hamlet of Courcelles (or La Planchette), which gave their names to two Paris Métro
Paris Métro
The Paris Métro or Métropolitain is the rapid transit metro system in Paris, France. It has become a symbol of the city, noted for its density within the city limits and its uniform architecture influenced by Art Nouveau. The network's sixteen lines are mostly underground and run to 214 km ...

 stations. At the time of the creation of French communes during the French Revolution, these were part of the commune of Clichy
Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine
-Administration:The canton covers a part of the commune; the other is in the northern part of Levallois-Perret-Twinnings: Heidenheim, Germany, since 1959 Sankt Pölten, Austria, since 1968 Santo Tirso, Portugal, since 1991 Rubí, Spain, since 2005 Southwark, United Kingdom, since 2005Clichy has also...

, while the commune of Neuilly-sur-Seine
Neuilly-sur-Seine
Neuilly-sur-Seine is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.Although Neuilly is technically a suburb of Paris, it is immediately adjacent to the city and directly extends it. The area is composed of mostly wealthy, select residential...

 extended over what is now the south-western part of Levallois-Perret.

Landowner Jean-Jacques Perret started some housing developments in 1822 in the northeast of the commune of Neuilly-sur-Seine, in a place soon called Champerret ("champ perret" meaning "field of Perret"), which gave its name to one station of the Paris Métro. Later in 1845 Nicolas-Eugène Levallois started some housing developments for landowner André Noël on his land near La Planchette (in the commune of Clichy). The land developed by Nicolas-Eugène Levallois soon became known as the Village Levallois.

In the 1860s the Village Levallois and Champerret had grown to the point of forming a single built-up area. Several demands were made to the authorities for the incorporation of the area as a commune.

On 30 June 1866 the commune of Levallois-Perret was eventually created by detaching that part of the territory of Clichy where the Village Levallois stood and merging it with that part of the territory of Neuilly-sur-Seine where stood Champerret.

Levallois-Perret became an important centre of the early French automotive industry with the establishment of companies such as Clément-Bayard
Clément-Bayard
Clément-Bayard was a French manufacturer of automobiles, aeroplanes and airships founded in 1903 by the entrepreneur Adolphe Clément-Bayard . The name celebrated the Chevalier Pierre Terrail, seigneur de Bayard who saved the town of Mézières in 1521...

, Delage
Delage
Delage was a French luxury automobile and racecar company founded in 1905 by Louis Delage in Levallois-Perret near Paris; it was acquired by Delahaye in 1935 and ceased operation in 1953.-History:...

 and the coachbuilder Chapron
Henri Chapron
Henri Chapron was a prominent French automobile coachbuilder. His atelier, created in 1919, was located in the Paris suburb of Levallois-Perret....

. Citroën
Citroën
Citroën is a major French automobile manufacturer, part of the PSA Peugeot Citroën group.Founded in 1919 by French industrialist André-Gustave Citroën , Citroën was the first mass-production car company outside the USA and pioneered the modern concept of creating a sales and services network that...

 purchased the Clément-Bayard factory and the famous Citroën 2CV
Citroën 2CV
The Citroën 2CV |tax horsepower]]”) was an economy car produced by the French automaker Citroën between 1948 and 1990. It was technologically advanced and innovative, but with uncompromisingly utilitarian unconventional looks, and deceptively simple Bauhaus inspired bodywork, that belied the sheer...

 was produced in Levallois for nearly forty years. Levallois-Perret was also an important centre of cosmetics industry in the early 20th century. It is also home to the large European commercial real estate company Atisreal
Atisreal
Atisreal was a European commercial property consultancy company and subsidiary of BNP Paribas with around 2,600 employees in 51 cities. Its headquarters were in Levallois-Perret, France...

.

The northern part of the famous Ile de la Jatte
Île de la Jatte
The Île de la Grande Jatte is an island in the River Seine, situated at the very gates of Paris, in the communes of Neuilly-sur-Seine and Levallois, Hauts-de-Seine. It is 7 km distant from the towers of Notre Dame and 3 km from the Etoile. It has about 4,000 inhabitants and is nearly...

 in the river Seine
Seine
The Seine is a -long river and an important commercial waterway within the Paris Basin in the north of France. It rises at Saint-Seine near Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plateau, flowing through Paris and into the English Channel at Le Havre . It is navigable by ocean-going vessels...

 where French impressionist painters created many of their masterpieces, is part of the commune of Levallois-Perret.

Immigration

Twin towns

  • Molenbeek-Saint-Jean
    Molenbeek-Saint-Jean
    Sint-Jans-Molenbeek or Molenbeek-Saint-Jean is one of the nineteen municipalities located in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium.-Rural beginnings:...

    , Belgium
    Belgium
    Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

  • The Schöneberg
    Schöneberg
    Schöneberg is a locality of Berlin, Germany. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a separate borough including the locality of Friedenau. Together with the former borough of Tempelhof it is now part of the new borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg....

     district, Berlin
    Berlin
    Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...

    , Germany
    Germany
    Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...


Nearest municipalities

  • Clichy
    Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine
    -Administration:The canton covers a part of the commune; the other is in the northern part of Levallois-Perret-Twinnings: Heidenheim, Germany, since 1959 Sankt Pölten, Austria, since 1968 Santo Tirso, Portugal, since 1991 Rubí, Spain, since 2005 Southwark, United Kingdom, since 2005Clichy has also...

  • Neuilly-sur-Seine
    Neuilly-sur-Seine
    Neuilly-sur-Seine is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.Although Neuilly is technically a suburb of Paris, it is immediately adjacent to the city and directly extends it. The area is composed of mostly wealthy, select residential...

  • Asnières-sur-Seine
    Asnières-sur-Seine
    Asnières-sur-Seine is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France, along the river Seine. It is located from the center of Paris.-Name:...

  • Courbevoie
    Courbevoie
    Courbevoie is a commune located very close to the centre of Paris, France. The centre of Courbevoie is situated 2 kilometres from the outer limits of Paris and 8.2 km...

  • Paris
    Paris
    Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...


Administration

Levallois-Perret is divided into two cantons:
  • Levallois-Perret-Nord (North), includes a part of Levallois-Perret and Clichy (pop: 40,400)
  • Levallois-Perret-Sud (South), a part of Levallois-Perret (pop: 36,532)

Economy

Alstom
Alstom
Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are...

 and Carrefour
Carrefour
Carrefour S.A. is an international hypermarket chain headquartered in Levallois-Perret, France. It is one of the largest hypermarket chains in the world...

 have their headquarters in Levallois-Perret. EVA Air
EVA Air
EVA Airways Corporation "; ) is an airline based at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport near Taipei, Taiwan, operating passenger and dedicated cargo services to over 40 international destinations in Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. EVA Air is largely privately owned and flies a fully...

 has its Paris office in Levallois-Perret.
According to le journal du net, the debt per inhabitant of Levallois is 9,030 euros, the French record.

Transport

Levallois-Perret is served by three stations on Paris Métro Line 3
Paris Metro Line 3
Line 3 is one of the sixteen lines of the Paris Métro rapid transit system in Paris, France. Connecting Pont de Levallois - Bécon station in the near western suburbs to Gallieni in the east, the location of Paris' international bus station...

: Louise Michel
Louise Michel (Paris Metro)
Louise Michel is a station on Paris Métro Line 3. It is located in the commune of Levallois-Perret, northwest of the capital.-History:Louise Michel was opened on 24 September 1937 when the line was extended from Porte de Champerret to Pont de Levallois – Bécon. It was originally called Vallier,...

, Anatole France
Anatole France (Paris Metro)
Anatole France is a station on Paris Métro Line 3. It is located in the commune of Levallois-Perret northwest of the capital. It was opened on 24 September 1937 when the line was extended from Porte de Champerret to Pont de Levallois – Bécon....

, and Pont de Levallois – Bécon
Pont de Levallois - Bécon (Paris Metro)
Pont de Levallois – Bécon is a station of the Paris Métro, the western terminus of Line 3, located in the commune of Levallois-Perret. It was opened on 24 September 1937 when the line was extended from Porte de Champerret....

.

It is also served by Clichy – Levallois station on the Transilien Paris – Saint-Lazare suburban rail line.

The municipality of Levallois-Perret operates two free bus lines circulating the town.

Sport

Levallois SC
Levallois SC
Levallois Sporting Club is a French association football team founded in 1941. They are based in Levallois-Perret, France and are currently playing in the Championnat de France Amateurs Group A, the fourth tier in the French football league system. They play at the Le Stade Didier Drogba. in...

 is the local football team of the municipality currently playing in the Fourth division.

The municipality's Coat of Arms

The traditional coat of arms for the municipality puts emphasis on the importance of industry
Industry
Industry refers to the production of an economic good or service within an economy.-Industrial sectors:There are four key industrial economic sectors: the primary sector, largely raw material extraction industries such as mining and farming; the secondary sector, involving refining, construction,...

 in the its history. The centre of the arms consists of a shield with red background; a yellow gear
Gear
A gear is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part in order to transmit torque. Two or more gears working in tandem are called a transmission and can produce a mechanical advantage through a gear ratio and thus may be considered a simple machine....

wheel in the bottom left and a yellow perfume diffuser in the top right represent the mechanical
Machine
A machine manages power to accomplish a task, examples include, a mechanical system, a computing system, an electronic system, and a molecular machine. In common usage, the meaning is that of a device having parts that perform or assist in performing any type of work...

 and perfume
Perfume
Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and/or aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, animals, objects, and living spaces "a pleasant scent"...

 industries.

Three red bee
Bee
Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, and are known for their role in pollination and for producing honey and beeswax. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea, presently classified by the unranked taxon name Anthophila...

s, are depicted on a silver bend from the top left to bottom right of the shield, these are another symbol of work in the city, beekeeping
Beekeeping
Beekeeping is the maintenance of honey bee colonies, commonly in hives, by humans. A beekeeper keeps bees in order to collect honey and other products of the hive , to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers...

 taking place at the île de la Jatte. The coat of arms also has a wreath at the bottom around the shield and three castles topping the shield; both in yellow. VILLE DE / LEVALLOIS - PERRET, is inscribed in black letters above the coat of arms.

A cartoon-style bee is used in the modern emblem of the municipality.

Personalities

Levallois-Perret was the birthplace of:
  • Louis Trousselier (1881–1939), cyclist
  • Danièle Delorme
    Danièle Delorme
    Danièle Delorme is an French actress and film producer....

     (born 1926), actress and film producer
    Film producer
    A film producer oversees and delivers a film project to all relevant parties while preserving the integrity, voice and vision of the film. They will also often take on some financial risk by using their own money, especially during the pre-production period, before a film is fully financed.The...

  • Pascal Lamy
    Pascal Lamy
    Pascal Lamy is the Director-General of the World Trade Organization, a French political advisor, a businessman, and a former European Commissioner for Trade...

     (born 1947), director-general of the World Trade Organization
    World Trade Organization
    The World Trade Organization is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , which commenced in 1948...

  • Clotilde Courau in 1969, actress
  • Olivier Besancenot
    Olivier Besancenot
    Olivier Besancenot is a French far left political figure and trade unionist, and the founding main spokesperson of the New Anticapitalist Party from 2009 to 2011....

     (born 1974), politician
  • Gauthier Diafutua
    Gauthier Diafutua
    Gauthier Diafutua is a French football striker who currently plays for Jupiler League side A.F.C. Tubize in Belgium.-Career:Amongst his former teams are Watford, AS Cherbourg, RAEC Mons and FCV Dender....

     footballer

See also

  • Optique & Précision de Levallois
    Optique & Précision de Levallois
    Société Optique et Précision de Levallois, S.A. was founded in 1919, although its predecessor dated from 1911. It produced rangefinders, military, medical, and scientific optics, and the "Foca" and other rangefinder cameras, at Levallois and Châteaudun .Sales fell off after 1961 and on 1 January...

  • Levallois technique
    Levallois technique
    The Levallois technique is a name given by archaeologists to a distinctive type of stone knapping developed by precursors to modern humans during the Palaeolithic period....

  • Communes of the Hauts-de-Seine department

External links

Levallois-Perret Official Website
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