Lamination paper
Encyclopedia
Lamination paper is a paper
used for laminates. Normally on particle or fiberboard
s giving a good-looking and resistant surface for use as furniture
, decoration panels and flooring
..
consists of a single or multiple layers, each having its own distinct function. The base is most often particle- or fiberboard
s, then some layers of absorbent kraft paper
. The last layers are a decor paper covered with an overlay. The lamination papers are covered with an inert resin
, often melamine
, which is cured to form a hard composite
with the structure of paper. The laminates may also have a lining
on the back side of laminating kraft to compensate for the tension created by the top side lamination.
Cheaper particle boards may have only a lining of laminating kraft to give surface washability and resistance to wear.
The decor paper can also be processed under heat and low/high pressure to create a melamine laminated sheet, that has several applications.
with controlled absorbency, which means a high degree of porosity
. It is made of clean low kappa
hardwood kraft with good uniformity
. The grammage is 80 - 120 g/cm2 and normally 2-4 plies are used.
and cellulose
have about the same refraction index which means that the cellulose fibers of the paper
appear as a shade and only the dyestuffs and pigment
s are visible. Due to this the decor paper demands extreme cleanness and is produced only on small paper machines with grammage 70 - 150 g/cm2.
, thus it must be made of well delignified pulp
. It becomes transparent after impregnation letting the appearance of the decor paper come through.
.
Paper
Paper is a thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon, drawing or for packaging. It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets....
used for laminates. Normally on particle or fiberboard
Fiberboard
Fiberboard is known as low density fiberboard is a type of engineered wood product that is made out of wood fibers. Types of fiberboard include particle board, medium-density fiberboard, and hardboard. Fiberboard is sometimes used as a synonym for particle board, but particle board usually refers...
s giving a good-looking and resistant surface for use as furniture
Furniture
Furniture is the mass noun for the movable objects intended to support various human activities such as seating and sleeping in beds, to hold objects at a convenient height for work using horizontal surfaces above the ground, or to store things...
, decoration panels and flooring
Flooring
Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering. Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface...
..
Properties
A laminateLaminate
A laminate is a material that can be constructed by uniting two or more layers of material together. The process of creating a laminate is lamination, which in common parlance refers to the placing of something between layers of plastic and gluing them with heat and/or pressure, usually with an...
consists of a single or multiple layers, each having its own distinct function. The base is most often particle- or fiberboard
Fiberboard
Fiberboard is known as low density fiberboard is a type of engineered wood product that is made out of wood fibers. Types of fiberboard include particle board, medium-density fiberboard, and hardboard. Fiberboard is sometimes used as a synonym for particle board, but particle board usually refers...
s, then some layers of absorbent kraft paper
Kraft paper
Kraft paper or kraft is paper or paperboard produced from chemical pulp produced in the kraft process.Pulp produced by the kraft process is stronger than that made by other pulping processes; acidic sulfite processes degrade cellulose more, leading to weaker fibers, and mechanical pulping...
. The last layers are a decor paper covered with an overlay. The lamination papers are covered with an inert resin
Resin
Resin in the most specific use of the term is a hydrocarbon secretion of many plants, particularly coniferous trees. Resins are valued for their chemical properties and associated uses, such as the production of varnishes, adhesives, and food glazing agents; as an important source of raw materials...
, often melamine
Melamine
Melamine is an organic base and a trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. Like cyanamide, it contains 66% nitrogen by mass and, if mixed with resins, has fire retardant properties due to its release of nitrogen gas when burned or charred, and has several other industrial uses....
, which is cured to form a hard composite
Composite material
Composite materials, often shortened to composites or called composition materials, are engineered or naturally occurring materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the macroscopic or...
with the structure of paper. The laminates may also have a lining
Lining
Lining may refer to:* Lining , the process of inserting an inner layer of fabric, fur, or other material* Brake lining, consumable surfaces in brake systems* Product lining, offering for sale several related products...
on the back side of laminating kraft to compensate for the tension created by the top side lamination.
Cheaper particle boards may have only a lining of laminating kraft to give surface washability and resistance to wear.
The decor paper can also be processed under heat and low/high pressure to create a melamine laminated sheet, that has several applications.
Absorbent kraft paper
The absorbent kraft paper is a normal kraft paperKraft paper
Kraft paper or kraft is paper or paperboard produced from chemical pulp produced in the kraft process.Pulp produced by the kraft process is stronger than that made by other pulping processes; acidic sulfite processes degrade cellulose more, leading to weaker fibers, and mechanical pulping...
with controlled absorbency, which means a high degree of porosity
Porosity
Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0–1, or as a percentage between 0–100%...
. It is made of clean low kappa
Kappa number
The Kappa number is an indication of the residual lignin content or bleachability of wood pulp by a standarised analysis method.-Measuring method:...
hardwood kraft with good uniformity
Uniformity
Uniformity may refer to:* Distribution uniformity, a measure of how uniformly water is applied to the area being watered* Religious uniformity, the promotion of one state religion, denomination, or philosophy to the exclusion of all other religious beliefs...
. The grammage is 80 - 120 g/cm2 and normally 2-4 plies are used.
Decor paper
The decor paper is the most critical of the lamination papers as it gives the visual appearance of the laminate. The impregnation resinResin
Resin in the most specific use of the term is a hydrocarbon secretion of many plants, particularly coniferous trees. Resins are valued for their chemical properties and associated uses, such as the production of varnishes, adhesives, and food glazing agents; as an important source of raw materials...
and cellulose
Cellulose
Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to over ten thousand β linked D-glucose units....
have about the same refraction index which means that the cellulose fibers of the paper
Paper
Paper is a thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon, drawing or for packaging. It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets....
appear as a shade and only the dyestuffs and pigment
Pigment
A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption. This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which a material emits light.Many materials selectively absorb...
s are visible. Due to this the decor paper demands extreme cleanness and is produced only on small paper machines with grammage 70 - 150 g/cm2.
Overlay
The overlay paper have grammage of 20 – 50 cm2 and is made of pure celluloseCellulose
Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to over ten thousand β linked D-glucose units....
, thus it must be made of well delignified pulp
Pulp (paper)
Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood, fibre crops or waste paper. Wood pulp is the most common raw material in papermaking.-History:...
. It becomes transparent after impregnation letting the appearance of the decor paper come through.
Laminating kraft
The laminating kraft have a grammage of 100 - 150 g/cm2 and is a smooth dense kraft paperKraft paper
Kraft paper or kraft is paper or paperboard produced from chemical pulp produced in the kraft process.Pulp produced by the kraft process is stronger than that made by other pulping processes; acidic sulfite processes degrade cellulose more, leading to weaker fibers, and mechanical pulping...
.