), is a convicted Dutch-German

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

 war criminal

War crime

War crimes are serious violations of the laws applicable in armed conflict giving rise to individual criminal responsibility...

. He is the son of Pieter Faber and Carolina Josephine Henriëtte Bakker, and the brother of Pieter Johan Faber, who was executed for war crimes in 1948.

Second World War

Faber came from a family with a strong Dutch National Socialist

National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands

The National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands was a Dutch fascist and later national socialist political party. As a parliamentary party participating in legislative elections, the NSB had some success during the 1930s...

 background.
Faber joined the Waffen SS a month after the German occupation of the Netherlands. After five months, he abandoned military training for less demanding police jobs in Rotterdam

Rotterdam

Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...

 and The Hague

The Hague

The Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...

. From 1943 to 1944 he was part of a firing squad

Execution by firing squad

Execution by firing squad, sometimes called fusillading , is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in the military and in times of war.Execution by shooting is a fairly old practice...

 at the Westerbork concentration camp, the camp Anne Frank

Anne Frank

Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank is one of the most renowned and most discussed Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Acknowledged for the quality of her writing, her diary has become one of the world's most widely read books, and has been the basis for several plays and films.Born in the city of Frankfurt...

 passed through on her way to her death at Belsen. He was radicalized when his father Peter Faber, who was a baker

Baker

A baker is someone who bakes and sells bread, Cakes and similar foods may also be produced, as the traditional boundaries between what is produced by a baker as opposed to a pastry chef have blurred in recent decades...

 at Heemstede

Heemstede

Heemstede is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland.-History :Heemstede formed around the Castle Heemstede that was built on the Spaarne River around 1286. Before 1296, Floris V, Count of Holland, granted Heemstede as a fiefdom to Reinier of Holy...

, was killed by Hannie Schaft

Hannie Schaft

Jannetje Johanna Schaft , was a Dutch communist resistance fighter during World War II. She became known as the girl with the red hair...

 of the Dutch resistance on June 8, 1944. He participated in the SS's "Silbertanne" (Silver Fir)) death squad which targeted members of the Dutch resistance, and those who hid Jews and opposed Nazism. He was also a member of Sonderkommando Feldmeijer

Henk Feldmeijer

Johannes Hendrik Feldmeijer was a Dutch National Socialist politician and a member of the NSB.-Early years:...

, which assassinated prominent Dutch citizens., and served as a bodyguard to Dutch Nazi leader Anton Mussert

Anton Mussert

Anton Adriaan Mussert was one of the founders of the National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands and its de jure leader. As such, he was the most prominent national socialist in the Netherlands before and during the Second World War...

.

Post-war

After the war, Klaas Carel Faber was tried by a Dutch court and sentenced to death by firing squad in June 1947, for the murder of at least 11 persons during the war. The Dutch court stated that the Faber brothers were "two of the worst criminals of the SS". Pieter Faber was executed in 1948. On 14 January 1948, Faber's sentence was commuted to life imprisonment

Life imprisonment

Life imprisonment is a sentence of imprisonment for a serious crime under which the convicted person is to remain in jail for the rest of his or her life...

. However, on 26 December 1952, he escaped from prison in Breda

Breda

Breda is a municipality and a city in the southern part of the Netherlands. The name Breda derived from brede Aa and refers to the confluence of the rivers Mark and Aa. As a fortified city, the city was of strategic military and political significance...

, with Herbertus Bikker

Herbertus Bikker

Herbertus Bikker , also known as De Beul van Ommen , was a Dutch war criminal. He was born in Alblasserwaard....

, Sander Borgers and four other former members of the Dutch SS, and the same evening crossed the border into Germany. The escape may have been masterminded by the Stichting Oud Politieke Deliquenten an organisation of former Dutch fascists and collaborators. As a former member of the SS, Faber had obtained German citizenship

German nationality law

German citizenship is based primarily on the principle of jus sanguinis. In other words one usually acquires German citizenship if a parent is a German citizen, irrespective of place of birth....

. Following his escape Faber went on to live in the Bavaria

Bavaria

Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...

n city of Ingolstadt

Ingolstadt

Ingolstadt is a city in the Free State of Bavaria, in the Federal Republic of Germany. It is located along the banks of the Danube River, in the center of Bavaria. As at 31 March 2011, Ingolstadt had 125.407 residents...

 and before retirement worked for the car manufacturer Audi

Audi

Audi AG is a German automobile manufacturer, from supermini to crossover SUVs in various body styles and price ranges that are marketed under the Audi brand , positioned as the premium brand within the Volkswagen Group....

 as an office clerk.

Extradition requests

In 1957, a German court dismissed charges against him for lack of evidence.
In 1952 Faber obtained German citizenship; at the time a Nazi-era law granted citizenship to foreign Nazi collaborators.
Two extradition requests were made by the Dutch in 1954 and 2004 to have Faber returned to complete his sentence. Both requests were denied by the German authorities, the second referring to the 1957 decision of lack of evidence. When new evidence was presented to a Munich court in 2006, the cases were viewed as manslaughter as opposed to murder, and thus outside the statute of limitations. A new arrest warrant from Dutch authorities was required to reopen the case.

In April 2009 Faber was listed by the Simon Wiesenthal Center

Simon Wiesenthal Center

The Simon Wiesenthal Center , with headquarters in Los Angeles, California, was established in 1977 and named for Simon Wiesenthal, the Nazi hunter. According to its mission statement, it is "an international Jewish human rights organization dedicated to repairing the world one step at a time...

 as one of most important Nazi era war criminals still at large. The center noted that he was a member of the Sonderkommando Feldmeijer execution squad.
In July 2009 it was reported that the German government may want to prosecute Faber after all though other sources say that he enjoys immunity from prosecution. In August 2010, following the petition of more than 150 lawyers organized by Jerusalem-based lawyer David Schonberg which pressed the Israeli government to demand that Germany enforce Faber's sentence or extradite him to the Netherlands

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

, and change its policy of allowing Nazi war crimes suspects to escape prosecution. Israel's justice minister, Prof. Ya'akov Ne'eman, wrote to the German justice minister, Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger

Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger

Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger is a German politician of the pro-business Free Democratic Party. Within the FDP, she is a leading figure of the small social-liberal wing...

, asking that justice would be carried out.

In November 2010, the Netherlands issued a European Arrest Warrant

European Arrest Warrant

The European Arrest Warrant is an arrest warrant valid throughout all member states of the European Union . Once issued by a member state, it requires the receiving member state to arrest and transfer a criminal suspect or sentenced person to the issuing state so that the person can be put on...

 for Faber, the first the country has issued for a war criminal. The application queries the legality of Faber's German citizenship given because of his membership in the SS. A Justice official from Bavarian justice stated that the request would be considered, "but as far as I know, there is nothing new".

See also

• Dutch resistance
  Dutch resistance
  Dutch resistance to the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands during World War II can be mainly characterized by its prominent non-violence, summitting in over 300,000 people in hiding in the autumn of 1944, tended to by some 60,000 to 200,000 illegal landlords and caretakers and tolerated knowingly...
  
  
• Dutch collaboration