Kim Kyu-sik
Encyclopedia
Kim Kyu-Sik, also spelled Kimm Giusic and Kimm Kiusic(Korean
:김규식, Hanja
:金奎植, January 29, 1881 - December 10, 1950), was a Korean politician and academic during the Korean independence movement
and a leader of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
. Kim served in various roles in the provisional government, including as foreign minister, ambassador, education minister and finally as the vice president from 1940 until the provisional government's dissolution on March 3, 1947. Kim's nicknames included Yoosa(우사), Kummun(금문), KimSung(김성), and JukJeok(죽적).
, now part of modern day Busan
. Orphaned at a early age, Kim studied with American missionary H.G. Underwood starting from the age of 6, taking the Christian name "Johann." He later traveled to the United States, receiving a bachelor's degree from Roanoke College
in 1903 and a master's degree in English literature from Princeton University
the following year.
In 1905 Kim returned to Korea, teaching widely. Following the 1910 Japanese annexation of Korea
Kim fled to China in 1913.
, Kimm successfully travelled to Paris for the Paris Peace Conference
to lobby for Korean independence from Japan. He was sent by Lyuh Woon-Hyung
and Chang Duk-soo, who had organized Sinhan Cheongnyeondang in Shanghai in the summer of 1919. His efforts in Paris proved to be futile since the United States, even though its president at the time Woodrow Wilson
had championed the cause of national self-determination
in his Fourteen Points
, had no interest in upsetting its close ally Japan.
In April 1919 Provisional Government of Republic of Korea(대한민국임시정부)'s foreign minister, August U.S. Ambassador the Provisional Government. In 1921 Education minister, State Council, 1933 Education minister of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.
He was a leading member of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
based in Shanghai, becoming the Vice-President.
He was fluent in English and taught English to the Provisional Government's members and Uiyeoldan's staff
in the south and the Soviet Civil Authority in the North. Kimm was favored by the American occupation leader John R. Hodge
, who saw him and Lyuh Woon-Hyung
as moderate leaders on the right and left, respectively. In September 1947, the United States, Lee Seung Man (이승만; 李承晩 - also known as Syngman Rhee
) et al. pushed to move the Korean question to the newly created United Nations, which quickly the voted to allow for elections
in the south despite. But was the objections of southern nationalists such as Kimm and Kim Gu
as well as from the north's Interim People's Committee, who were opposed because of the non-participation of the North.
in 1950, he was kidnapped and taken to the North; he reportedly died near Manpo
in the far north on December 10.
In May 1988 He was posthumously awarded the Republic of Korea Medal of Order of Merit for National Foundation (건국훈장 대한민국장; 建國勳章 大韓民國章), the most prestigious civil decoration in the Republic of Korea.
Korean language
Korean is the official language of the country Korea, in both South and North. It is also one of the two official languages in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in People's Republic of China. There are about 78 million Korean speakers worldwide. In the 15th century, a national writing...
:김규식, Hanja
Hanja
Hanja is the Korean name for the Chinese characters hanzi. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation...
:金奎植, January 29, 1881 - December 10, 1950), was a Korean politician and academic during the Korean independence movement
Korean independence movement
The Korean independence movement grew out of the Japanese colonial rule of the Korean peninsula from 1910 to 1945. After the Japanese surrendered, Korea became independent; that day is now an annual holiday called Gwangbokjeol in South Korea, and Chogukhaebangŭi nal in North Korea.-Background:In...
and a leader of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was the partially recognised government in exile of Korea, based in Shanghai, China, and later in Chongqing, during the Colonial Korea.-History:...
. Kim served in various roles in the provisional government, including as foreign minister, ambassador, education minister and finally as the vice president from 1940 until the provisional government's dissolution on March 3, 1947. Kim's nicknames included Yoosa(우사), Kummun(금문), KimSung(김성), and JukJeok(죽적).
Early life
Kim was born in DongnaeDongnae-gu
Dongnae-gu is a gu in northern Busan, South Korea. It has a population of about 300,000, and an area of 16.7 square kilometers. It was once a separate city, the principal port of southeastern Korea. Numerous historical relics are preserved in the area...
, now part of modern day Busan
Busan
Busan , formerly spelled Pusan is South Korea's second largest metropolis after Seoul, with a population of around 3.6 million. The Metropolitan area population is 4,399,515 as of 2010. It is the largest port city in South Korea and the fifth largest port in the world...
. Orphaned at a early age, Kim studied with American missionary H.G. Underwood starting from the age of 6, taking the Christian name "Johann." He later traveled to the United States, receiving a bachelor's degree from Roanoke College
Roanoke College
Roanoke College is an private, coeducational, four-year liberal-arts college affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The college is located in Salem, Virginia, a suburban independent city adjacent to Roanoke, Virginia...
in 1903 and a master's degree in English literature from Princeton University
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
the following year.
In 1905 Kim returned to Korea, teaching widely. Following the 1910 Japanese annexation of Korea
Korea under Japanese rule
Korea was under Japanese rule as part of Japan's 35-year imperialist expansion . Japanese rule ended in 1945 shortly after the Japanese defeat in World War II....
Kim fled to China in 1913.
Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
In 1919, unlike his contemporary Syngman RheeSyngman Rhee
Syngman Rhee or Yi Seungman was the first president of South Korea. His presidency, from August 1948 to April 1960, remains controversial, affected by Cold War tensions on the Korean peninsula and elsewhere. Rhee was regarded as an anti-Communist and a strongman, and he led South Korea through the...
, Kimm successfully travelled to Paris for the Paris Peace Conference
Paris Peace Conference, 1919
The Paris Peace Conference was the meeting of the Allied victors following the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers following the armistices of 1918. It took place in Paris in 1919 and involved diplomats from more than 32 countries and nationalities...
to lobby for Korean independence from Japan. He was sent by Lyuh Woon-Hyung
Lyuh Woon-Hyung
Yuh Woon-Hyung was a Korean politician who argued that Korean independence was essential to world peace, and a reunification activist who struggled for the independent reunification of Korea since its national division in 1945....
and Chang Duk-soo, who had organized Sinhan Cheongnyeondang in Shanghai in the summer of 1919. His efforts in Paris proved to be futile since the United States, even though its president at the time Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States, from 1913 to 1921. A leader of the Progressive Movement, he served as President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and then as the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913...
had championed the cause of national self-determination
Self-determination
Self-determination is the principle in international law that nations have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no external compulsion or external interference...
in his Fourteen Points
Fourteen Points
The Fourteen Points was a speech given by United States President Woodrow Wilson to a joint session of Congress on January 8, 1918. The address was intended to assure the country that the Great War was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe...
, had no interest in upsetting its close ally Japan.
In April 1919 Provisional Government of Republic of Korea(대한민국임시정부)'s foreign minister, August U.S. Ambassador the Provisional Government. In 1921 Education minister, State Council, 1933 Education minister of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.
He was a leading member of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was the partially recognised government in exile of Korea, based in Shanghai, China, and later in Chongqing, during the Colonial Korea.-History:...
based in Shanghai, becoming the Vice-President.
He was fluent in English and taught English to the Provisional Government's members and Uiyeoldan's staff
After Korean Liberation
After the liberation of Korea in 1945, he returned to his homeland to participate in the formation of a newly independent state, which was now under the rule of the United States Army Military Government in KoreaUnited States Army Military Government in Korea
The United States Army Military Government in Korea, also known as USAMGIK, was the official ruling body of the southern half of the Korean Peninsula from September 8, 1945 to August 15, 1948...
in the south and the Soviet Civil Authority in the North. Kimm was favored by the American occupation leader John R. Hodge
John R. Hodge
General John Reed Hodge was a general in the United States Army.-Early life and Career:Being born in Golconda, Illinois, Hodge attended Southern Illinois Teachers College and the University of Illinois. After completing U.S. Army Officer Candidate School at Fort Sheridan, he entered military...
, who saw him and Lyuh Woon-Hyung
Lyuh Woon-Hyung
Yuh Woon-Hyung was a Korean politician who argued that Korean independence was essential to world peace, and a reunification activist who struggled for the independent reunification of Korea since its national division in 1945....
as moderate leaders on the right and left, respectively. In September 1947, the United States, Lee Seung Man (이승만; 李承晩 - also known as Syngman Rhee
Syngman Rhee
Syngman Rhee or Yi Seungman was the first president of South Korea. His presidency, from August 1948 to April 1960, remains controversial, affected by Cold War tensions on the Korean peninsula and elsewhere. Rhee was regarded as an anti-Communist and a strongman, and he led South Korea through the...
) et al. pushed to move the Korean question to the newly created United Nations, which quickly the voted to allow for elections
South Korean election of 1948
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in South Korea on 10 May 1948, the country's first election. It was held under the American military occupation, with supervision from the United Nations. It resulted in a victory for the National Alliance for the Rapid Realisation of Korean Independence,...
in the south despite. But was the objections of southern nationalists such as Kimm and Kim Gu
Kim Gu
Kim Gu , the sixth and later the last president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, was a Korean politician, educator, leader of Korean independence movement against the Japanese occupation of Korea that lasted from 1910 to 1945, and reunification activist who had struggled for...
as well as from the north's Interim People's Committee, who were opposed because of the non-participation of the North.
Death
After failed efforts to broker reunification in that year, he retired from politics. After the outbreak of the Korean WarKorean War
The Korean War was a conventional war between South Korea, supported by the United Nations, and North Korea, supported by the People's Republic of China , with military material aid from the Soviet Union...
in 1950, he was kidnapped and taken to the North; he reportedly died near Manpo
Manpo
Manp'o is a city of northwestern Chagang Province, North Korea. As of 1991, it had an estimated population of 100,893. It looks across the border to the city of Ji'an, Jilin province, China.-Geography:...
in the far north on December 10.
In May 1988 He was posthumously awarded the Republic of Korea Medal of Order of Merit for National Foundation (건국훈장 대한민국장; 建國勳章 大韓民國章), the most prestigious civil decoration in the Republic of Korea.
Books
- Poems, 《YangjaYuKyung》(양자유경)
- 《Small English grammar》
- 《Practical English》
- 《Elizabeth I Age's Introduction to Theatre》
- 《WonYongSa》
Degrees
- 1903 Roanoke CollegeRoanoke CollegeRoanoke College is an private, coeducational, four-year liberal-arts college affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The college is located in Salem, Virginia, a suburban independent city adjacent to Roanoke, Virginia...
(Bachelor of Arts) - 1904 Master of English Literature(MA) at Princeton UniversityPrinceton UniversityPrinceton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
- 1923 Honorary Doctor of Law Roanoke CollegeRoanoke CollegeRoanoke College is an private, coeducational, four-year liberal-arts college affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The college is located in Salem, Virginia, a suburban independent city adjacent to Roanoke, Virginia...
See also
- Provisional Government of the Republic of KoreaProvisional Government of the Republic of KoreaThe Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was the partially recognised government in exile of Korea, based in Shanghai, China, and later in Chongqing, during the Colonial Korea.-History:...
- National Revolutionary Party
- Korea under Japanese ruleKorea under Japanese ruleKorea was under Japanese rule as part of Japan's 35-year imperialist expansion . Japanese rule ended in 1945 shortly after the Japanese defeat in World War II....
- USAMGIK
- Kim GuKim GuKim Gu , the sixth and later the last president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, was a Korean politician, educator, leader of Korean independence movement against the Japanese occupation of Korea that lasted from 1910 to 1945, and reunification activist who had struggled for...
- Kim Seong-suKim Seong-su (journalist)Kim Seong-su was a Korean educator, independence activist, journalist, entrepreneur, politician and calligrapher. He founded Korea University and Dong-A Ilbo. Kim was born in Gochang county, North Jeolla province...
- Kim Won-bongKim Won-bongKim Won-bong was Korean nationalist, independence activist and statesman of North Korea. He created a Korean nationalist underground organization, the Korean Heroic Corps and became its leader. And he served as the deputy commander of the Korean Liberation Army of the Provisional Government of...
- Pak Hon Yong
- List of Koreans
Career Education
- December 17, 1913 in Shanghai, a professor of Barkdal English School
- 1923 professor of English at Fudan University
- 1927-1929 In Tianjin, Northern Sea University Professor of English
- 1932 - 1937 Nanjing political instructor School, professor of political.
- 1937 - 1940 ShChwan College Professor of English Literature, Foreign Languages and Chair, Head of Foreign Language and Literature