Kelvin Grade Massacre
Encyclopedia
The Kelvin Grade Massacre was an incident that occurred in November of 1889 when a group of Apache
renegades
escaped from police
custody near Globe
, Arizona
. The escape resulted in the deaths of two policemen and it triggered one of the largest manhunt
s in the history of Arizona. Veterans of the Apache Wars
, such as Al Sieber, would scour the Arizona frontier for nearly a year in search of the fugitives, by the end of which all were caught or killed except the famous Indian scout known as the Apache Kid.
system began in Arizona, the Apache tribes were some of the first to be subjegated. Throughout most of the Old West
period, the reservations were undersupplied, which led to starvation, and their operaters tended to be corrupt. This led to conflicts such as Geronimo's War, beginning in 1881. During which the Apaches left their reserves and went on the war path, it took until 1886 to finally get Geronimo
to not leave again. The Apache Kid, or Haskay-bay-nay-ntayl, was formerly a scout in the wars against the Apache, having been involved in the mutiny
during the Battle of Cibecue Creek
and the Crawford Affair
. Though many people at the time believed the Apache Kid did not kill any of the soldiers at Cibecue, he still became a renegade in 1887 after an incident at the San Carlos Reservation
. The Kid was also a friend of Al Sieber who allegedly betrayed him after the Cibecue affair. Sometime in 1888 the Apache Kid was caught and put on trial in Globe, for various crimes, and sentenced to spend the next several years in Yuma Territorial Prison
. The Kid had already served over a year of prison time at San Carlos and Alcatraz Island
, so the prospect of going to the prison at Yuma
was untolerable and he conspired with his fellow inmates to escape whenever, or wherever, possible.
After the trial, on the morning of November 1, 1889, Sheriff
Glenn Reynolds
arrived at the jail in Safford
to pick up eight Apache prisoners and one Mexican
who were to be transferred to Casa Grande
, a two days ride, and from there to Yuma by train
. Sheriff Reynolds made arrangements to be taken to Casa Grande by the stagecoach
owner Eugene Middleton, who had survived several conflicts with the Apaches since 1881. Reynolds also collected $400 from the county clerk to pay for the expenses on the trip. Accompanying Reynolds and Middleton was Sheriff William A. "Hunkydory" Holmes. When the prisoners were loaded into the coach the party headed south for Globe. Sheriff Reynolds rode his horse, Tex, while Middleton and Holmes rode in the coach. The trip was long, Holmes spent the time target practicing with his rifle
while Middleton sang and drank whiskey. After stopping at Pioneer, Arizona for lunch, the partly continued on to the Gila River
in a rain storm. Just beyond the Gila was the little town of Kelvin, or Riverside Station, which was where the party stopped for the night.
from him.
At the same time another pair of Apaches attacked Holmes and took his rifle. The prisoner Bach-e-on-al shot Holmes and he died instantly, then, Bach-e-on-al aimed for Reynolds who was now reaching for his pistol
, but because that day was cold, Reynolds had buttoned up his coat and couldn't get to his gun fast enough. Bach-e-on-al fired and hit Reynolds in the head, killing him instantly as well. Just after the scuffle broke out, Avott ran ahead to warn Middleton who assumed the firing was nothing more than target practice. When Avott reached the coach Middleton told him to get in but instead he hid in some bushes. Bach-e-on-al was not far behind and shortly thereafter the Apache shot Middleton in the head. The bullet went in through the mouth, without hitting any teeth, and exited Middleton's neck. Amazingly, Middleton would survive the ordeal, without losing consciousness. After that the remaining Apaches came up and released the Kid. One of the fugitives, named El-cahn, was going to smash Middleton's head with a rock while he lay on the ground helpless but the Apache Kid prevented it, possibly due to the fact that Middleton had shared his cigarette
s with the Kid on the night before.
. Lorona then left to tell his foreman about the prisoners' escape so the foreman sent a group of cowboy
s to guard the dead bodies. For his part in all of this, Avott was pardon
ed and did not have to serve time in Yuma. Sometime before the cowboys arrived at the murder scene, Middleton found the strength to stand up but he found that he could not lift himself onto the coach, or a horse, so he had to walk, and crawl, the long distance back to Riverside Station. When Middleton reached Riverside he received medical treatment and told the townspeople what had happened.
Shorty Sayler, a stagecoach driver, took Reynolds horse Tex and rode it to Globe, forty miles away, to alarm the authorities. Sayler stopped and changed horses at Pioneer and then made it to his destination in record time, arriving before noon the same day. The telegrapher at Globe was Dan Williams, he later said; "I happened to be the receiving operator and hastened to Al Sieber with terrible news, whose comment was, ‘I was afraid of that, and that was my reason for offering the scout escort to Casa Grande.' From his bed, Sieber directed a scout detail of twenty men under Lt. Watson to take the trail from San Carlos." Deputy Sheriff Jerry Ryan took over Reynolds place upon learning of his death but because the escape occurred in Pinal County
, Sheriff Jerry Fryer assumed command of the investigation. Sheriff Ryan telegraphed a Captain Bullis at San Carlos who in turn notified General
Nelson A. Miles
. Over the next several months, until October 1890, American militia
s, bounty hunter
s, and United States Army
troops would search the Arizona desert for the renegades, all of whom were either caught or killed except the Kid.
Between 1889 and 1894, several murders and skirmishes occurred between settlers and Apaches, most of which were blamed on the Apache Kid and his friend Massai
, another former army scout who was said to have been killed by a posse in September 1906. At one point the bounty hunter Mickey Free told Al Sieber that he had trailed the Kid for three months before killing him and carving of a tattoo of the letter "W" as proof. The "W" had been tattooed in blue ink on the foreheads of about 100 San Carlos Apaches before the army introduced a new identification system. The Kid is not known to have had a tattoo like this but Mickey Free, who knew the Kid personally, said he did. In 1890, some Mexican Rurales
killed a renegade and recovered Sheriff Reynold's pistol and watch, this led them to believe they had killed the Kid but the man who actually died was said to be of a much older age than what the Kid was. In 1896, John Horton Slaughter, a Texas Ranger
, also claimed to have killed Apache Kid in the Sierra Madre
of Chihuahua
, Mexico, where renegade Apaches were still holding out as late as 1915. But because Slaughter had crossed the international border, he kept quiet about the incident in fear of getting into trouble with his superiors. A native named Wallapai Clark also said he shot the Kid while he was trying to steal his horse from a corral
and in 1899, the Rurale Colonel
Emilio Kosterlitsky claimed the same when his men killed three renegades.
In 1924, after a band of Apaches crossed into Arizona to raid for horses, Kid’s nephew, Private
Joe Adley at Fort Huachuca
, confided to Lieutenant
John H. Healy, of the 10th Cavalry, that Apache Kid was still alive in Mexico. This was mostly substantiated by Guadalupe Fimbres Muñoz, who was captured in 1915 during a surprise attack on Apache Juan’s stronghold in the Sierra Madre. She had been one of the trail guards for the Apaches and had sounded the warning which had allowed the other members of the band to escape. Initially, many thought she was the granddaughter of Geronimo, yet others said her father was Apache Juan. However, Guadalupe herself claimed that her father was the Apache Kid. Sightings of the Kid occurred as late as 1935 when he was reportedly seen while visiting friends at San Carlos.
Apache
Apache is the collective term for several culturally related groups of Native Americans in the United States originally from the Southwest United States. These indigenous peoples of North America speak a Southern Athabaskan language, which is related linguistically to the languages of Athabaskan...
renegades
Renegade period of the Apache Wars
The Renegade period of the Apache Wars refers to the conflicts between the United States and the Apache people who left the reservation system between 1879 and 1886, and renegade Apaches who lived in northern Mexico into the 1920s. Chief Victorio and the medicine man Geronimo were perhaps the best...
escaped from police
Police
The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...
custody near Globe
Globe, Arizona
Globe has an arid climate, characterized by hot summers and moderate to warm winters. Globe's arid climate is somewhat tempered by its elevation, however, leading to slightly cooler temperatures and slightly more precipitation than Phoenix or Yuma....
, Arizona
Arizona
Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...
. The escape resulted in the deaths of two policemen and it triggered one of the largest manhunt
Manhunt
Manhunt may refer to:In film:* Bloodfist VII: Manhunt, a 1995 action/adventure film starring Don Wilson* Man Hunt , a 1941 film directed by Fritz Lang* Man Hunt , a 1985 Western film directed by Fabrizio De Angelis...
s in the history of Arizona. Veterans of the Apache Wars
Apache Wars
The Apache Wars were a series of armed conflicts between the United States and Apaches fought in the Southwest from 1849 to 1886, though other minor hostilities continued until as late as 1924. The Confederate Army participated in the wars during the early 1860s, for instance in Texas, before being...
, such as Al Sieber, would scour the Arizona frontier for nearly a year in search of the fugitives, by the end of which all were caught or killed except the famous Indian scout known as the Apache Kid.
Background
When the reservationIndian reservation
An American Indian reservation is an area of land managed by a Native American tribe under the United States Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs...
system began in Arizona, the Apache tribes were some of the first to be subjegated. Throughout most of the Old West
American Old West
The American Old West, or the Wild West, comprises the history, geography, people, lore, and cultural expression of life in the Western United States, most often referring to the latter half of the 19th century, between the American Civil War and the end of the century...
period, the reservations were undersupplied, which led to starvation, and their operaters tended to be corrupt. This led to conflicts such as Geronimo's War, beginning in 1881. During which the Apaches left their reserves and went on the war path, it took until 1886 to finally get Geronimo
Geronimo
Geronimo was a prominent Native American leader of the Chiricahua Apache who fought against Mexico and the United States for their expansion into Apache tribal lands for several decades during the Apache Wars. Allegedly, "Geronimo" was the name given to him during a Mexican incident...
to not leave again. The Apache Kid, or Haskay-bay-nay-ntayl, was formerly a scout in the wars against the Apache, having been involved in the mutiny
Mutiny
Mutiny is a conspiracy among members of a group of similarly situated individuals to openly oppose, change or overthrow an authority to which they are subject...
during the Battle of Cibecue Creek
Battle of Cibecue Creek
The Battle of Cibecue Creek was an engagement of the Apache Wars, fought in August 1881 between the United States and White Mountain Apaches in Arizona, at Cibecue Creek on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation. After an army expedition of scouts and soldiers arrested a prominent medicine man, they...
and the Crawford Affair
Crawford Affair
The Crawford Affair was a battle fought between Mexico and the United States in January of 1886 during the Geronimo Campaign. Captain Emmet Crawford was commanding a company of Apache scouts, sixty miles southeast of Nacori Chico in Sonora, when his camp was attacked by Mexican Army militiamen...
. Though many people at the time believed the Apache Kid did not kill any of the soldiers at Cibecue, he still became a renegade in 1887 after an incident at the San Carlos Reservation
San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1871 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe. It was referred to by some as "Hell's Forty Acres," due to a myriad of dismal health and environmental conditions.-Formation:President U.S....
. The Kid was also a friend of Al Sieber who allegedly betrayed him after the Cibecue affair. Sometime in 1888 the Apache Kid was caught and put on trial in Globe, for various crimes, and sentenced to spend the next several years in Yuma Territorial Prison
Yuma Territorial Prison
The Yuma Territorial Prison was a prison in the Arizona Territory of the United States and now in present day Yuma, Arizona. The Territorial Prison is one of the Yuma Crossing and Associated Sites on the National Register of Historic Places in the Yuma Crossing National Heritage Area.The site is...
. The Kid had already served over a year of prison time at San Carlos and Alcatraz Island
Alcatraz Island
Alcatraz Island is an island located in the San Francisco Bay, offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. Often referred to as "The Rock" or simply "Traz", the small island was developed with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, a military prison, and a Federal...
, so the prospect of going to the prison at Yuma
Yuma, Arizona
Yuma is a city in and the county seat of Yuma County, Arizona, United States. It is located in the southwestern corner of the state, and the population of the city was 77,515 at the 2000 census, with a 2008 Census Bureau estimated population of 90,041....
was untolerable and he conspired with his fellow inmates to escape whenever, or wherever, possible.
After the trial, on the morning of November 1, 1889, Sheriff
Sheriff
A sheriff is in principle a legal official with responsibility for a county. In practice, the specific combination of legal, political, and ceremonial duties of a sheriff varies greatly from country to country....
Glenn Reynolds
Glenn Reynolds (sheriff)
Glenn Reynolds was a sheriff and militiaman of the Old West, remembered for his death during the Kelvin Grade Massacre, in Arizona Territory, when a group of Apache renegades escaped from his custody.-Biography:...
arrived at the jail in Safford
Safford, Arizona
- History :Safford was founded by Joshua Eaton Bailey, Hiram Kennedy and Edward Tuttle, who came from Gila Bend, in southwestern Arizona. They left Gila Bend in the winter of 1873-74; their work on canals and dams having been destroyed by high water the previous summer...
to pick up eight Apache prisoners and one Mexican
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
who were to be transferred to Casa Grande
Casa Grande, Arizona
Casa Grande is a city in Pinal County, approximately halfway between Phoenix and Tucson in the U.S. state of Arizona. According to 2010 Census, the population of the city is 48,571...
, a two days ride, and from there to Yuma by train
Train
A train is a connected series of vehicles for rail transport that move along a track to transport cargo or passengers from one place to another place. The track usually consists of two rails, but might also be a monorail or maglev guideway.Propulsion for the train is provided by a separate...
. Sheriff Reynolds made arrangements to be taken to Casa Grande by the stagecoach
Stagecoach
A stagecoach is a type of covered wagon for passengers and goods, strongly sprung and drawn by four horses, usually four-in-hand. Widely used before the introduction of railway transport, it made regular trips between stages or stations, which were places of rest provided for stagecoach travelers...
owner Eugene Middleton, who had survived several conflicts with the Apaches since 1881. Reynolds also collected $400 from the county clerk to pay for the expenses on the trip. Accompanying Reynolds and Middleton was Sheriff William A. "Hunkydory" Holmes. When the prisoners were loaded into the coach the party headed south for Globe. Sheriff Reynolds rode his horse, Tex, while Middleton and Holmes rode in the coach. The trip was long, Holmes spent the time target practicing with his rifle
Rifle
A rifle is a firearm designed to be fired from the shoulder, with a barrel that has a helical groove or pattern of grooves cut into the barrel walls. The raised areas of the rifling are called "lands," which make contact with the projectile , imparting spin around an axis corresponding to the...
while Middleton sang and drank whiskey. After stopping at Pioneer, Arizona for lunch, the partly continued on to the Gila River
Gila River
The Gila River is a tributary of the Colorado River, 650 miles long, in the southwestern states of New Mexico and Arizona.-Description:...
in a rain storm. Just beyond the Gila was the little town of Kelvin, or Riverside Station, which was where the party stopped for the night.
Massacre
On the next morning, Saturday, November 2, Sheriff Reynolds woke the others early so as to leave by 5:00 am, in order to make Casa Grande that night before the train was scheduled to leave. Around this time Reynolds expressed concern about a section of the road outside of town known as Kelvin Grade, he also left his horse Tex behind so as to ride in the coach with Holmes. The road was very steep and with the coach loaded with prisoners, the horses were not strong enough to pull the wagon up, especially since it had been raining heavily. So in order to ascend Kelvin Grade, Reynolds decided that the prisoners would have to be offloaded and then walk up. When the party reached the grade, seven of the prisoners were taken off as planned but the Apache Kid and one other man were considered too dangerous and thus left on board. Middleton stayed on as well, to drive the coach, while Reynolds led the prisoners with Homes in the rear. The coach proceeded up the grade first and it was followed by the line of prisoners and sheriffs. The prisoners were all in handcuffs and bound together in pairs, except for Jesus Avott, the Mexican in the group. Gradually two of the Apaches moved in close to the unsuspecting Reynolds, then, after the coach had pulled out of sight, they suddenly pounced on the sheriff to wrestle the shotgunShotgun
A shotgun is a firearm that is usually designed to be fired from the shoulder, which uses the energy of a fixed shell to fire a number of small spherical pellets called shot, or a solid projectile called a slug...
from him.
At the same time another pair of Apaches attacked Holmes and took his rifle. The prisoner Bach-e-on-al shot Holmes and he died instantly, then, Bach-e-on-al aimed for Reynolds who was now reaching for his pistol
Pistol
When distinguished as a subset of handguns, a pistol is a handgun with a chamber that is integral with the barrel, as opposed to a revolver, wherein the chamber is separate from the barrel as a revolving cylinder. Typically, pistols have an effective range of about 100 feet.-History:The pistol...
, but because that day was cold, Reynolds had buttoned up his coat and couldn't get to his gun fast enough. Bach-e-on-al fired and hit Reynolds in the head, killing him instantly as well. Just after the scuffle broke out, Avott ran ahead to warn Middleton who assumed the firing was nothing more than target practice. When Avott reached the coach Middleton told him to get in but instead he hid in some bushes. Bach-e-on-al was not far behind and shortly thereafter the Apache shot Middleton in the head. The bullet went in through the mouth, without hitting any teeth, and exited Middleton's neck. Amazingly, Middleton would survive the ordeal, without losing consciousness. After that the remaining Apaches came up and released the Kid. One of the fugitives, named El-cahn, was going to smash Middleton's head with a rock while he lay on the ground helpless but the Apache Kid prevented it, possibly due to the fact that Middleton had shared his cigarette
Cigarette
A cigarette is a small roll of finely cut tobacco leaves wrapped in a cylinder of thin paper for smoking. The cigarette is ignited at one end and allowed to smoulder; its smoke is inhaled from the other end, which is held in or to the mouth and in some cases a cigarette holder may be used as well...
s with the Kid on the night before.
Aftermath
After the massacre Apache Kid and the others robbed the dead sheriffs and Middleton of their clothes, jewelry, and weapons. Next they fled into the surrounding desert while Jesus Avott was still hiding. Once the Apaches were gone, Avott cut a horse lose from the coach so as to ride it to town but it kicked him off. However, a nearby rancher, Andronico Lorona, who was driving some cattle through the area, noticed the stalled coach and decided to investigate it. There Lorona found Avott and he gave the latter a horse to take into FlorenceFlorence, Arizona
-Demographics:As of the census of 2000, there were 17,054 people, 2,226 households, and 1,540 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,056.2 people per square mile . There were 3,216 housing units at an average density of 387.7 per square mile...
. Lorona then left to tell his foreman about the prisoners' escape so the foreman sent a group of cowboy
Cowboy
A cowboy is an animal herder who tends cattle on ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks. The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the vaquero traditions of northern Mexico and became a figure of...
s to guard the dead bodies. For his part in all of this, Avott was pardon
Pardon
Clemency means the forgiveness of a crime or the cancellation of the penalty associated with it. It is a general concept that encompasses several related procedures: pardoning, commutation, remission and reprieves...
ed and did not have to serve time in Yuma. Sometime before the cowboys arrived at the murder scene, Middleton found the strength to stand up but he found that he could not lift himself onto the coach, or a horse, so he had to walk, and crawl, the long distance back to Riverside Station. When Middleton reached Riverside he received medical treatment and told the townspeople what had happened.
Shorty Sayler, a stagecoach driver, took Reynolds horse Tex and rode it to Globe, forty miles away, to alarm the authorities. Sayler stopped and changed horses at Pioneer and then made it to his destination in record time, arriving before noon the same day. The telegrapher at Globe was Dan Williams, he later said; "I happened to be the receiving operator and hastened to Al Sieber with terrible news, whose comment was, ‘I was afraid of that, and that was my reason for offering the scout escort to Casa Grande.' From his bed, Sieber directed a scout detail of twenty men under Lt. Watson to take the trail from San Carlos." Deputy Sheriff Jerry Ryan took over Reynolds place upon learning of his death but because the escape occurred in Pinal County
Pinal County, Arizona
-2010:Whereas according to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau:*72.4% White*4.6% Black*5.6% Native American*1.7% Asian*0.4% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander*3.8% Two or more races*11.5% Other races*28.5% Hispanic or Latino -2000:...
, Sheriff Jerry Fryer assumed command of the investigation. Sheriff Ryan telegraphed a Captain Bullis at San Carlos who in turn notified General
General
A general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
Nelson A. Miles
Nelson A. Miles
Nelson Appleton Miles was a United States soldier who served in the American Civil War, Indian Wars, and the Spanish-American War.-Early life:Miles was born in Westminster, Massachusetts, on his family's farm...
. Over the next several months, until October 1890, American militia
Militia
The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. It is a polyseme with...
s, bounty hunter
Bounty hunter
A bounty hunter captures fugitives for a monetary reward . Other names, mainly used in the United States, include bail enforcement agent and fugitive recovery agent.-Laws in the U.S.:...
s, and United States Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
troops would search the Arizona desert for the renegades, all of whom were either caught or killed except the Kid.
Between 1889 and 1894, several murders and skirmishes occurred between settlers and Apaches, most of which were blamed on the Apache Kid and his friend Massai
Massai
Massai was a member of the Mimbres band of Chiricahua Apache. He was warrior who escaped from a train that was sending the scouts and renegades to Florida to be held with Geronimo and Chihuahua.Born to White Cloud and Little Star at Mescal Mountain, Arizona, near Globe...
, another former army scout who was said to have been killed by a posse in September 1906. At one point the bounty hunter Mickey Free told Al Sieber that he had trailed the Kid for three months before killing him and carving of a tattoo of the letter "W" as proof. The "W" had been tattooed in blue ink on the foreheads of about 100 San Carlos Apaches before the army introduced a new identification system. The Kid is not known to have had a tattoo like this but Mickey Free, who knew the Kid personally, said he did. In 1890, some Mexican Rurales
Rurales
Rurales was the name commonly used to designate the Mexican Guardia Rural : a force of mounted police or gendarmerie that existed between 1861 and 1914...
killed a renegade and recovered Sheriff Reynold's pistol and watch, this led them to believe they had killed the Kid but the man who actually died was said to be of a much older age than what the Kid was. In 1896, John Horton Slaughter, a Texas Ranger
Texas Ranger Division
The Texas Ranger Division, commonly called the Texas Rangers, is a law enforcement agency with statewide jurisdiction in Texas, and is based in Austin, Texas...
, also claimed to have killed Apache Kid in the Sierra Madre
Sierra Madre
Sierra Madre may refer to one of several mountain ranges:*In Mexico:**Sierra Madre Occidental, a mountain range in northwestern Mexico and southern Arizona...
of Chihuahua
Chihuahua, Mexico
Chihuahua, Mexico, may refer to:* The State of Chihuahua in Mexico* The City of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, its capital...
, Mexico, where renegade Apaches were still holding out as late as 1915. But because Slaughter had crossed the international border, he kept quiet about the incident in fear of getting into trouble with his superiors. A native named Wallapai Clark also said he shot the Kid while he was trying to steal his horse from a corral
Corral
Corral is a town, commune and sea port in Los Ríos Region, Chile. It is located south of Corral Bay. Corral is best known for the forts of Corral Bay, a system of defensive batteries and forts made to protect Valdivia during colonial times. Corral was the headquarters of the system...
and in 1899, the Rurale Colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
Emilio Kosterlitsky claimed the same when his men killed three renegades.
In 1924, after a band of Apaches crossed into Arizona to raid for horses, Kid’s nephew, Private
Private (rank)
A Private is a soldier of the lowest military rank .In modern military parlance, 'Private' is shortened to 'Pte' in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries and to 'Pvt.' in the United States.Notably both Sir Fitzroy MacLean and Enoch Powell are examples of, rare, rapid career...
Joe Adley at Fort Huachuca
Fort Huachuca
Fort Huachuca is a United States Army installation under the command of the United States Army Installation Management Command. It is located in Cochise County, in southeast Arizona, about north of the border with Mexico. Beginning in 1913, for 20 years the fort was the base for the "Buffalo...
, confided to Lieutenant
Lieutenant
A lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer in many nations' armed forces. Typically, the rank of lieutenant in naval usage, while still a junior officer rank, is senior to the army rank...
John H. Healy, of the 10th Cavalry, that Apache Kid was still alive in Mexico. This was mostly substantiated by Guadalupe Fimbres Muñoz, who was captured in 1915 during a surprise attack on Apache Juan’s stronghold in the Sierra Madre. She had been one of the trail guards for the Apaches and had sounded the warning which had allowed the other members of the band to escape. Initially, many thought she was the granddaughter of Geronimo, yet others said her father was Apache Juan. However, Guadalupe herself claimed that her father was the Apache Kid. Sightings of the Kid occurred as late as 1935 when he was reportedly seen while visiting friends at San Carlos.