Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg
Encyclopedia
Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg (22 March, 1902, Bad Neustadt an der Saale, Lower Franconia
- 23/24 April, 1945)
The von Guttenberg family
originates back to 1149 in Franconia
(northern part of Bavaria
) in the southern part of Germany
. Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg studied law
and history
in Munich
and graduated in 1929. In that year he married Therese, Princess Schwarzenberg
. They had two daughters and one son.
Karl Ludwig von Guttenberg was a catholic
monarchist
who started publishing the "White Papers; Journals on History, Tradition and State" (formerly called "Monarchy") in 1934. The White Papers soon became an important organ and also a meeting place, through their publishers many various contacts, for the conservative opposition against the Nazi
regime under Hitler
. Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg first introduced Carl Goerdeler and Ulrich von Hassell
to each other in 1939.
In 1941, von Guttenberg was ordered to work in Counter-intelligence
at the Foreign Affairs Office in Berlin
through the help of Ludwig Beck
. There, von Guttenberg worked under Admiral
Wilhelm Canaris
and belonged to the circle around Hans von Dohnanyi
, Justus Delbrück, and Hans Oster
.
After the failure of the assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler on 20 July 1944, von Guttenberg was arrested by the Gestapo
and interrogated under torture, apparently without result and he revealed no names of members of the resistance.
In the night between the 23 and 24 of April in 1945, Karl Ludwig von und zu Guttenberg was murdered.
Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia is one of the three administrative regions of Franconia in Bavaria , Germany ....
- 23/24 April, 1945)
The von Guttenberg family
House of Guttenberg
The House of Guttenberg is a prominent Franconian family which traces its origins back to 1149 with a Gundeloh v. Blassenberg . Though, the first mention in a document is dated 1158. The name Guttenberg is derived from Guttenberg and was adopted by a Heinrich von Blassenberg around 1310...
originates back to 1149 in Franconia
Franconia
Franconia is a region of Germany comprising the northern parts of the modern state of Bavaria, a small part of southern Thuringia, and a region in northeastern Baden-Württemberg called Tauberfranken...
(northern part of Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
) in the southern part of Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg studied law
Law
Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior, wherever possible. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus...
and history
History
History is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians...
in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
and graduated in 1929. In that year he married Therese, Princess Schwarzenberg
House of Schwarzenberg
-History:The family was first mentioned in 1172. A branch of the Seinsheim family was created when Erkinger I of Seinsheim acquired the Franconian barony of Schwarzenberg, the castle Schwarzenberg and the title Baron of Schwarzenberg, in 1405–21. At this time, they also possessed some fiefdoms in...
. They had two daughters and one son.
Karl Ludwig von Guttenberg was a catholic
Catholic
The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
monarchist
Monarchism
Monarchism is the advocacy of the establishment, preservation, or restoration of a monarchy as a form of government in a nation. A monarchist is an individual who supports this form of government out of principle, independent from the person, the Monarch.In this system, the Monarch may be the...
who started publishing the "White Papers; Journals on History, Tradition and State" (formerly called "Monarchy") in 1934. The White Papers soon became an important organ and also a meeting place, through their publishers many various contacts, for the conservative opposition against the Nazi
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
regime under Hitler
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party , commonly referred to as the Nazi Party). He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and head of state from 1934 to 1945...
. Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg first introduced Carl Goerdeler and Ulrich von Hassell
Ulrich von Hassell
Ulrich von Hassell was a German diplomat during World War II. A member of the German Resistance against German dictator Adolf Hitler, Hassell was executed in the aftermath of the failed July 20 plot.- Family :...
to each other in 1939.
In 1941, von Guttenberg was ordered to work in Counter-intelligence
Counter-intelligence
Counterintelligence or counter-intelligence refers to efforts made by intelligence organizations to prevent hostile or enemy intelligence organizations from successfully gathering and collecting intelligence against them. National intelligence programs, and, by extension, the overall defenses of...
at the Foreign Affairs Office in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
through the help of Ludwig Beck
Ludwig Beck
Generaloberst Ludwig August Theodor Beck was a German general and Chief of the German General Staff during the early years of the Nazi regime in Germany before World War II....
. There, von Guttenberg worked under Admiral
Admiral
Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks, of the highest naval officers. It is usually considered a full admiral and above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet . It is usually abbreviated to "Adm" or "ADM"...
Wilhelm Canaris
Wilhelm Canaris
Wilhelm Franz Canaris was a German admiral, head of the Abwehr, the German military intelligence service, from 1935 to 1944 and member of the German Resistance.- Early life and World War I :...
and belonged to the circle around Hans von Dohnanyi
Hans von Dohnanyi
Hans von Dohnanyi was a German jurist, rescuer of Jews, and German resistance fighter against the Nazi régime.-Early life:...
, Justus Delbrück, and Hans Oster
Hans Oster
Hans Oster was a German Army general, deputy head of the Abwehr under Wilhelm Canaris, and an opponent of Adolf Hitler and Nazism. He was a leading figure of the German resistance from 1938 to 1943.-Early career:...
.
After the failure of the assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler on 20 July 1944, von Guttenberg was arrested by the Gestapo
Gestapo
The Gestapo was the official secret police of Nazi Germany. Beginning on 20 April 1934, it was under the administration of the SS leader Heinrich Himmler in his position as Chief of German Police...
and interrogated under torture, apparently without result and he revealed no names of members of the resistance.
In the night between the 23 and 24 of April in 1945, Karl Ludwig von und zu Guttenberg was murdered.
Further reading
- The German Resistance Memorial CenterMemorial to the German ResistanceThe Memorial to the German Resistance , is a memorial and museum in Berlin, capital of Germany. It was opened in 1980 in part of the Bendlerblock, a complex of offices in Stauffenbergstrasse , south of the Tiergarten in Western Berlin...
(Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand), Berlin www.gdw-berlin.de