Kaiseraugst
Encyclopedia
Kaiseraugst is a municipality
in the district of Rheinfelden
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland. It is named for the Ancient Roman city of Augusta Raurica
whose ruins are situated nearby. The prefix Kaiser- ("imperial") refers to the fact that this town was part of Further Austria
, as opposed to neighbouring Augst
, which was in the Swiss canton of Basel.
and the right bank of the Rhine River the roman army
built a fort near the city of Augusta Raurica. The fort, which was named Castrum Rauracense was intended to serve as the headquarters of the legio I Martia and to protect a ford over the Rhine. During the 4th century, the fort grew in importance because it commanded a bridge that lay along the road
from Gaul
to the Danube River. Emperors Constantius II
and Julian
assembled their armies at the Castrum Rauracense before marching to battle against the Alemanni.
Following the collapse of the Roman Empire
the fort remained occupied as local Germanic tribes moved in. The fort and neighboring church became the seat of a bishop
during the 4th century, with the bishop first being mentioned in 346. In the 7th century the bishop moved to Basel and the settlement declined in importance. In 752 a village called Augusta was first mentioned, however it wasn't until 1442 that the village of Augst split into Augst and Kaiseraugst.
In 894 the East Francian King Arnulf
granted the church in Kaiseraugst to his vassel Anno. The church was then granted to the Abbey of St Gall and then later to the Basel Münster
. The original church, built in 400 AD, was replaced with a new building in 1749. Following the Act of Mediation
in 1803 the church was granted to the new canton of Aargau. In 1878 the majority of the community became Christian Catholic
and took over the church. In 1900/01 the Roman Catholic church was built and the original church's property was divided.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 7.5% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 11.8% and transportation infrastructure made up 14.7%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 4.3% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.6%. Out of the forested land, 30.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 13.6% is used for growing crops and 4.1% is pastures, while 2.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Rheinfelden district, along the Rhine river.
The age distribution, , in Kaiseraugst is; 584 children or 11.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 538 teenagers or 10.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 613 people or 11.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 793 people or 15.3% are between 30 and 39, 908 people or 17.5% are between 40 and 49, and 695 people or 13.4% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 558 people or 10.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 311 people or 6.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 163 people or 3.1% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 18 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.59 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 28.1% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 217 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 1,119 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 352 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 1,708 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 488 single family homes (or 21.8% of the total) out of a total of 2,237 homes and apartments. There were a total of 13 empty apartments for a 0.6% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 2.3 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 32% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
(25.1%), the CVP
(14.1%) and the FDP
(12.9%).
The historical population is given in the following table:
. The entire village of Kaiseraugst is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
.
there were 2,048 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,619 or about 79.1% of the residents worked outside Kaiseraugst while 1,530 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,959 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 24.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 46.8% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 78 individuals (or about 1.99% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic faith.
). Of the school age population , there are 395 students attending primary school, there are 123 students attending secondary school, and there are 14 students who are seeking a job after school in the municipality.
Kaiseraugst is home to the Gemeindebibliothek Violahof (municipal library of Kaiseraugst). The library has 7,167 books or other media, and loaned out 15,774 items in the same year. It was open a total of 143 days with average of 7 hours per week during that year.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Rheinfelden
Rheinfelden (district)
Rheinfelden District lies in the northwest of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland, in the Fricktal region. Its capital is Rheinfelden. Around 88% of the population live in the conurbation of Basel. There are 14 municipalities, with a population of living in an area of 112.09 km²...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland. It is named for the Ancient Roman city of Augusta Raurica
Augusta Raurica
Augusta Raurica is a Roman archaeological site and an open-air museum in Switzerland. Located on the south bank of the Rhine river about 20 km east of Basel near the villages of Augst and Kaiseraugst, it is the oldest known Roman colony on the Rhine....
whose ruins are situated nearby. The prefix Kaiser- ("imperial") refers to the fact that this town was part of Further Austria
Further Austria
Further Austria or Anterior Austria was the collective name for the old possessions of the House of Habsburg in the former Swabian stem duchy of south-western Germany, including territories in the Alsace region west of the Rhine and in Vorarlberg, after the focus of the Habsburgs had moved to the...
, as opposed to neighbouring Augst
Augst
Augst is a municipality in the district of Liestal in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.It was known as Augusta Raurica in roman times-History:...
, which was in the Swiss canton of Basel.
History
About 300AD, following the loss of the Limes GermanicusLimes Germanicus
The Limes Germanicus was a line of frontier fortifications that bounded the ancient Roman provinces of Germania Inferior, Germania Superior and Raetia, dividing the Roman Empire and the unsubdued Germanic tribes from the years 83 to about 260 AD...
and the right bank of the Rhine River the roman army
Roman army
The Roman army is the generic term for the terrestrial armed forces deployed by the kingdom of Rome , the Roman Republic , the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine empire...
built a fort near the city of Augusta Raurica. The fort, which was named Castrum Rauracense was intended to serve as the headquarters of the legio I Martia and to protect a ford over the Rhine. During the 4th century, the fort grew in importance because it commanded a bridge that lay along the road
Roman road
The Roman roads were a vital part of the development of the Roman state, from about 500 BC through the expansion during the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Roman roads enabled the Romans to move armies and trade goods and to communicate. The Roman road system spanned more than 400,000 km...
from Gaul
Gaul
Gaul was a region of Western Europe during the Iron Age and Roman era, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg and Belgium, most of Switzerland, the western part of Northern Italy, as well as the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the left bank of the Rhine. The Gauls were the speakers of...
to the Danube River. Emperors Constantius II
Constantius II
Constantius II , was Roman Emperor from 337 to 361. The second son of Constantine I and Fausta, he ascended to the throne with his brothers Constantine II and Constans upon their father's death....
and Julian
Julian the Apostate
Julian "the Apostate" , commonly known as Julian, or also Julian the Philosopher, was Roman Emperor from 361 to 363 and a noted philosopher and Greek writer....
assembled their armies at the Castrum Rauracense before marching to battle against the Alemanni.
Following the collapse of the Roman Empire
Decline of the Roman Empire
The decline of the Roman Empire refers to the gradual societal collapse of the Western Roman Empire. Many theories of causality prevail, but most concern the disintegration of political, economic, military, and other social institutions, in tandem with foreign invasions and usurpers from within the...
the fort remained occupied as local Germanic tribes moved in. The fort and neighboring church became the seat of a bishop
Bishop (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, a bishop is an ordained minister who holds the fullness of the sacrament of Holy Orders and is responsible for teaching the Catholic faith and ruling the Church....
during the 4th century, with the bishop first being mentioned in 346. In the 7th century the bishop moved to Basel and the settlement declined in importance. In 752 a village called Augusta was first mentioned, however it wasn't until 1442 that the village of Augst split into Augst and Kaiseraugst.
In 894 the East Francian King Arnulf
Arnulf of Carinthia
Arnulf of Carinthia was the Carolingian King of East Francia from 887, the disputed King of Italy from 894 and the disputed Holy Roman Emperor from February 22, 896 until his death.-Birth and Illegitimacy:...
granted the church in Kaiseraugst to his vassel Anno. The church was then granted to the Abbey of St Gall and then later to the Basel Münster
Basel Münster
The Basel Münster is one of the main landmarks and tourist attractions of the Swiss city of Basel. It adds definition to the cityscape with its red sandstone architecture and coloured roof tiles, its two slim towers and the cross-shaped intersection of the main roof...
. The original church, built in 400 AD, was replaced with a new building in 1749. Following the Act of Mediation
Act of Mediation
The Act of Mediation was issued by Napoleon Bonaparte on 19 February 1803 establishing the Swiss Confederation. The act also abolished the previous Helvetic Republic, which had existed since the invasion of Switzerland by French troops in 1798. After the withdrawal of French troops in July 1802,...
in 1803 the church was granted to the new canton of Aargau. In 1878 the majority of the community became Christian Catholic
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
and took over the church. In 1900/01 the Roman Catholic church was built and the original church's property was divided.
Geography
Kaiseraugst has an area, , of 4.91 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi). Of this area, 0.99 km² (0.38224113700661 sq mi) or 20.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.58 km² (0.610041410576205 sq mi) or 32.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.01 km² (0.776065338770995 sq mi) or 40.9% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.32 km² (0.123552690749611 sq mi) or 6.5% is either rivers or lakes and 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.4% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 7.5% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 11.8% and transportation infrastructure made up 14.7%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 4.3% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.6%. Out of the forested land, 30.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 13.6% is used for growing crops and 4.1% is pastures, while 2.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Rheinfelden district, along the Rhine river.
Demographics
Kaiseraugst has a population of , 24.7% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 33.8%. Most of the population speaks German(88.2%), with Italian being second most common ( 2.2%) and French being third ( 1.8%).The age distribution, , in Kaiseraugst is; 584 children or 11.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 538 teenagers or 10.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 613 people or 11.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 793 people or 15.3% are between 30 and 39, 908 people or 17.5% are between 40 and 49, and 695 people or 13.4% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 558 people or 10.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 311 people or 6.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 163 people or 3.1% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 18 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.59 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 28.1% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 217 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 1,119 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 352 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 1,708 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 488 single family homes (or 21.8% of the total) out of a total of 2,237 homes and apartments. There were a total of 13 empty apartments for a 0.6% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 2.3 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 32% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(25.1%), the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(14.1%) and the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(12.9%).
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1758 | 215 |
| 1850 | 405 |
| 1900 | 595 |
| 1950 | 842 |
| 1970 | 1,311 |
| 2000 | 3,917 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The Roman city of Augusta Raurica with the Castrum Rauracense fort is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significanceSwiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
. The entire village of Kaiseraugst is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
.
Economy
, Kaiseraugst had an unemployment rate of 3.18%. , there were 12 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 4 businesses involved in this sector. 2,629 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 36 businesses in this sector. 814 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 125 businesses in this sector.there were 2,048 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,619 or about 79.1% of the residents worked outside Kaiseraugst while 1,530 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,959 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 24.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 46.8% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 1,210 or 30.9% were Roman Catholic, while 1,401 or 35.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 78 individuals (or about 1.99% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic faith.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Kaiseraugst about 76.4% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 395 students attending primary school, there are 123 students attending secondary school, and there are 14 students who are seeking a job after school in the municipality.
Kaiseraugst is home to the Gemeindebibliothek Violahof (municipal library of Kaiseraugst). The library has 7,167 books or other media, and loaned out 15,774 items in the same year. It was open a total of 143 days with average of 7 hours per week during that year.