Kaimganj
Encyclopedia
Kaimganj, also rendered as Qaimganj , is a city in Farrukhabad district
in the India
n State
of Uttar Pradesh
. Qaimganj is connected to all the villages of north India by roads and Railway network. Qaimganj Railway Station is a major station between Farrukhabad
and Kasganj
on Rajputana railway link of NER.
on the left bank of great river Ganga in Farrukhabad district
. Qaimganj was founded by Nawab Mohammad Khan Bangash in 1713 and named after his son Qaim Khan, who was its first administrator
of this town. The meaning of the word Ganj is market place
.
This town is the birth place of Zakir Hussain who was the third President of India
from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969, and the founder of Jamia Milia Islamia. It is also the birth place of the Pakistan Army
's General
Rahimuddin Khan
, who was also Balochistan
's longest-serving governor
. Ghulam Rabbani Khan TAANBA a well known poet.
, Qaimganj had a population of 31,127. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Qaimganj has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 68%, and female literacy is 58%. In Qaimganj, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
In Qaimganj, the Afridi clan is a prominent Pathan
clan that is present in the city. This clan, along with other Pathan clans migrated from the frontiers of Afghanistan
. There are some Pathan landlords who do not do much and give their land to be cultivated by other communities. They are notable for keeping guns and shooting them at the time of the weddings or at childbirth.
and sugar mill. The tobacco
cultivated in Kaimganj is cured by the sun and contains good amounts of nicotine
. The tobacco is crushed into various sizes. A large range of different qualities are available. Tobacco is supplied to all the leading chewing tobacco manufacturers. The total turn over of the city is over three crore
per day, which includes internal and external trade.
Besides the tobacco business, the city is also a potato
hub and exports potatoes to nearly all of India from Jammu & Kashmir to Tamil Nadu
and Gujarat to Assam
.
There is also a famous Sugar Mill of U.P. at Kaimganj established by Mr. Khurshid Alam Khan (inaugurated by Mrs. Indira Gandhi
) which crushes a large amount of sugarcane
. SNM Inter College is the oldest educational institution. Earlier it was called George AV School which was founded by Pandit Pyarelal Chaturvedi. At that time it was up to Class VIII only.After
Sultan alam memorial DPS is CBSE school from World famous international group of schools in the town.
In old days Kaimganj was also famous in nearby areas for religious preachings by Sufi saints and Maulvies. Old and Famous co-educational Islamic school 'Madarsa Arabia Talimul Islam' established by Syed Allah Baksh at Chhapatti, chilanka serves the religious & modern educations up to 8th standard for Muslim students of the town.
Shah Public School,CP Vidya Niketan and kiran public schools are famous English medium schools of the town. there is also a famous college named dr.ramnaryan mahila degree college.
In the past two decade, Qaimganj has emerged as a major developed town in the region on infrastructural, economical, educational parts.
, the successor of Mahmud, who, equally ready to resume hostilities, without loss of time attacked Shamsabad and occupied it. This success alarmed Rai Partab, who hastened to abandon the cause of Bahlol and go over to the victorious party of Muhammad Shah. The latter crossed the Mainpuri
district by forced marches until he reached Sarseni near Rapri, where Bahlol was encamped. Some fighting took place between the two armies, but a disastrous night manoeuvre, which resulted in the capture of one of Muhammad Shah's brothers and the headlong flight of another back to Jaunpur, compelled that prince to beat a retreat to Kanauj.
In 1748 Muhammad Shah was succeeded by his son Ahmad Shah, who shortly afterwards was appointed Safdar Jang. The Durrani
invasions of Nadir Shah in 1739 and Ahmad Shah Durrani
in 1748 had severely shaken the stability of the central government, and given to the provincial governors a dangerous degree of power. One of the most influential of these was Ali Muhammad in Rohilkhand
, and the new wajir
, who had already quarrelled with him, looked with apprehension on his growing prestige. With Qaim Khan
, the son of Muhammad Khan, he had also a hereditary feud, and he determined to set his two enemies at one another's throats, being certain to be himself the gainer whatever the event. Accordingly on the death od Ali Muhammad in 1749, after an abortive attempt to overthrow his successor by other means, an imperial farman was issued to Qaim Khan conferring on him the mahals of Bareilly and Moradabad wrongfully usurped by Sadullah Khan, the son of Ali Muhammad.
Qaim Khan fell into the trap laid for him and set out to the conquest of his new territories with a large force. At Qadirganj
on the Ganges in the Etah district, he was defeated by the Rohillas under Hafiz Rahmat Khan
and killed. Safdar Jang at ones attempted to seize Farrukhabad and the other Bangash parganas, but Ahmad Khan, the son of Qaim Khan, collected his adherents and in 1750 defeated the Wajir General Nawab Rae at Khuaganj, and the Wajit soon afterwards near Patiali. Had the ambition and enterprise of Ahmad Khan been equal to his personal courage there is little doubt that he might now have pushed on to Delhi and made himself master of the Emperors person and virtual sovereign. He was, however, far too easy-going in disposition to embark on such a scheme and contented himself with the recovery of his family, former territories and the recognition of his title to them from the Emperor. The administration of the various parganas was given to his brothers and relations, Shikohabad, which included Sakit, Kuraoli and Alikhera, going to Azim Khan, and Bhongaon and Bewar to the Majhle Nawab, Shadi Khan was sent to occupy Kora, but was opposed and defeated by Ali Quli Khan, the deputy in the Allahabad Subah. Ahmad Khans reluctance to move was overcome by the insistence of his counselors and he was persuaded to advance on Allahabad in person. While he was besieging that town the wajir had had time to recover from his defeat and had called in the Marathas to his assistance.
The approach of the united armies towards Farrukhabad obliged Ahmad Khan to raise the siege of Allahabad, and after some discussion he decided to return to protect his own home. But the discouragement produced by this retreat proved too much for his mercenaries and they melted away until when he reached Fatehgarh he had too small a force to attempt to do more than hold the fort. After a month's siege a Rohilla army under Sadullah Khan and Bahadur Khan came down to his assistance, but was defeated by the Marathas, and Ahmad Khan then fled through Rohilkhand to Kumaon, where he remained till 1752, when a fresh invasion of India by Ahmad Shah Durrani made Safdar Jang and the Marathas anxious for pease. It was agreed that Rohilkhand and Farrukhabad should be evacuated on condition that Ahmad Khan took over the debt of thirty lakhs of rupees due from Safdar Jang to the Marathas as pay for their services, ceding as security for the debt sixteen and a half of the thirty three mahals comprised in his territories. The management of the whole remained in the hands of Ahmad Khan, who paid the surplus revenue, after deducting the cost of management and the pay of the troops, to two Marathas agents stationed at Kanauj and Aliganj. Payments continued to be made till the battle of Panipat in 1761, when the Marathas left Doab.
The major concern in the town today is the ambivalent tobacco industry. No Doubt tobacco industry has contributed a lot in the development of the town - by generating numerous employment opportunities for the poor and rich equally, and thus adding to the prosperity of the town. However, a large increase in the tobacco cultivation and processing in the various godowns located in city's residential premises is adding to the health hazards of the residents. The symptoms of asthma, tuberculosis and other respiratory malfunctions are evident in the people who work in tobacco processing industry and also among the common citizens.
Farrukhabad District
Farrukhabad district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The town of Fatehgarh is the district headquarters. The district is part of Kanpur Division....
in the India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n State
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
of Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
. Qaimganj is connected to all the villages of north India by roads and Railway network. Qaimganj Railway Station is a major station between Farrukhabad
Farrukhabad
Farrukhābād , is one of the important cities of Central Doab Region in the State of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. The city was founded in 1717 by Mohammed Bangash who named it after the Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar. Farrukhabad is situated on the bank of sacred river Ganges.-Demographics: India...
and Kasganj
Kasganj
Kasganj is a city and a district headquarters of Kanshi Ram Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.-Geography:Kasganj is located at . It has an average elevation of 177 metres . Situated on the banks of river Kali, the town is in proximity of the Himalayas foothills...
on Rajputana railway link of NER.
Description
Qaimganj is just 10 km away from the ancient city of KampilKampil
Kampil is a town and a nagar panchayat in Farrukhabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located about 45 km from Farrukhabad, is a very important place from an historical and mythological point of view.-Ancient:...
on the left bank of great river Ganga in Farrukhabad district
Farrukhabad District
Farrukhabad district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The town of Fatehgarh is the district headquarters. The district is part of Kanpur Division....
. Qaimganj was founded by Nawab Mohammad Khan Bangash in 1713 and named after his son Qaim Khan, who was its first administrator
Administrator of the Government
An Administrator in the constitutional practice of some countries in the Commonwealth is a person who fulfils a role similar to that of a Governor or a Governor-General...
of this town. The meaning of the word Ganj is market place
Market Place
Market Place is the financial programme broadcast Monday to Friday at 10:30pm in Hong Kong by television channel TVB Pearl....
.
This town is the birth place of Zakir Hussain who was the third President of India
President of India
The President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India, as well as the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. President of India is also the formal head of all the three branches of Indian Democracy - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary...
from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969, and the founder of Jamia Milia Islamia. It is also the birth place of the Pakistan Army
Pakistan Army
The Pakistan Army is the branch of the Pakistani Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. The Pakistan Army came into existence after the Partition of India and the resulting independence of Pakistan in 1947. It is currently headed by General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani. The Pakistan...
's General
General
A general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
Rahimuddin Khan
Rahimuddin Khan
Rahimuddin Khan Afridi is a retired four-star general of the Pakistan Army who was the fourth Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee from 1984 to 1987. He was also the longest-serving Governor and martial law administrator of Balochistan, from 1978 to when he resigned in 1984...
, who was also Balochistan
Balochistan (Pakistan)
Balochistan is one of the four provinces or federating units of Pakistan. With an area of 134,051 mi2 or , it is the largest province of Pakistan, constituting approximately 44% of the total land mass of Pakistan. According to the 1998 population census, Balochistan had a population of...
's longest-serving governor
Governor of Balochistan
The Governor of Balochistan is the appointed Head of State of the provincial government in Balochistan, Pakistan. The governor is designated by the Prime Minister and is normally regarded a ceremonial post...
. Ghulam Rabbani Khan TAANBA a well known poet.
Climate
The climate of the district is characterised by a hot dry summer and a pleasant cold season.Geography
Qaimganj is located at 27.57°N 79.35°E. It has an average elevation of 144 metres (472 feet).Demographics
India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Qaimganj had a population of 31,127. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Qaimganj has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 68%, and female literacy is 58%. In Qaimganj, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
In Qaimganj, the Afridi clan is a prominent Pathan
Pashtun people
Pashtuns or Pathans , also known as ethnic Afghans , are an Eastern Iranic ethnic group with populations primarily between the Hindu Kush mountains in Afghanistan and the Indus River in Pakistan...
clan that is present in the city. This clan, along with other Pathan clans migrated from the frontiers of Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
. There are some Pathan landlords who do not do much and give their land to be cultivated by other communities. They are notable for keeping guns and shooting them at the time of the weddings or at childbirth.
Economy
The city is well known for its chewing tobaccoChewing tobacco
Chewing tobacco Chewing tobacco Chewing tobacco (also known colloquially as hoobastank, backy, tobac, doogooos,Hogleg, chewpoos, chits, chewsky, chawsky, dip, flab, chowers, guy, or a wad, as well as referred to as dipsky, snuff, a pinch, a yopper, a Packing a bomb, a tobbackey or packing a...
and sugar mill. The tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
cultivated in Kaimganj is cured by the sun and contains good amounts of nicotine
Nicotine
Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants that constitutes approximately 0.6–3.0% of the dry weight of tobacco, with biosynthesis taking place in the roots and accumulation occurring in the leaves...
. The tobacco is crushed into various sizes. A large range of different qualities are available. Tobacco is supplied to all the leading chewing tobacco manufacturers. The total turn over of the city is over three crore
Crore
A crore is a unit in the Indian number system equal to ten million , or 100 lakhs. It is widely used in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan....
per day, which includes internal and external trade.
Besides the tobacco business, the city is also a potato
Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
hub and exports potatoes to nearly all of India from Jammu & Kashmir to Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Pondicherry, and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh...
and Gujarat to Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...
.
There is also a famous Sugar Mill of U.P. at Kaimganj established by Mr. Khurshid Alam Khan (inaugurated by Mrs. Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhara was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms and a fourth term . She was assassinated by Sikh extremists...
) which crushes a large amount of sugarcane
Sugarcane
Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...
. SNM Inter College is the oldest educational institution. Earlier it was called George AV School which was founded by Pandit Pyarelal Chaturvedi. At that time it was up to Class VIII only.After
Sultan alam memorial DPS is CBSE school from World famous international group of schools in the town.
In old days Kaimganj was also famous in nearby areas for religious preachings by Sufi saints and Maulvies. Old and Famous co-educational Islamic school 'Madarsa Arabia Talimul Islam' established by Syed Allah Baksh at Chhapatti, chilanka serves the religious & modern educations up to 8th standard for Muslim students of the town.
Shah Public School,CP Vidya Niketan and kiran public schools are famous English medium schools of the town. there is also a famous college named dr.ramnaryan mahila degree college.
In the past two decade, Qaimganj has emerged as a major developed town in the region on infrastructural, economical, educational parts.
History of the town
This town was the capital cousin of Bahlol, was taken prisoner. The war was terminated by the death of Mahmud and another peace was made on the old terms. Once more, however, a woman was the cause of war. This time it was the chief lady of Bahlol's harem, who was Qutb Khan's sister. She sent a message to the Sultan, bitterly reproaching him with his suppleness in allowing her brother to remain a captive, and threatening to kill herself unless he were released. Bahlol at once set out against Muhammad ShahMuhammad Shah
Muhammad Shah also known as Roshan Akhtar, was a Mughal emperor of India between 1719 and 1748. He was son of Khujista Akhtar Jahan Shah, the fourth son of Bahadur Shah I. Ascending the throne at 17 with the help of the Sayyid Brothers, he later got rid of them with the help of Nizam-ul-Mulk Chin...
, the successor of Mahmud, who, equally ready to resume hostilities, without loss of time attacked Shamsabad and occupied it. This success alarmed Rai Partab, who hastened to abandon the cause of Bahlol and go over to the victorious party of Muhammad Shah. The latter crossed the Mainpuri
Mainpuri
Mainpuri is a city and a municipal board in Mainpuri district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of the Mainpuri district and is situated to the north-east of Agra.-Geography:...
district by forced marches until he reached Sarseni near Rapri, where Bahlol was encamped. Some fighting took place between the two armies, but a disastrous night manoeuvre, which resulted in the capture of one of Muhammad Shah's brothers and the headlong flight of another back to Jaunpur, compelled that prince to beat a retreat to Kanauj.
In 1748 Muhammad Shah was succeeded by his son Ahmad Shah, who shortly afterwards was appointed Safdar Jang. The Durrani
Durrani
Durrani or Abdali is the name of a chief Pashtun tribal confederation in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Originally known by their ancient name Abdali later as Durrani they have been called Durrani since the beginning of the Durrani Empire in 1747. The number of Durranis are estimated to be roughly 16%...
invasions of Nadir Shah in 1739 and Ahmad Shah Durrani
Ahmad Shah Durrani
Ahmad Shah Durrani , also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī and born as Ahmad Khān, was the founder of the Durrani Empire in 1747 and is regarded by many to be the founder of the modern state of Afghanistan.Ahmad Khan enlisted as a young soldier in the military of the Afsharid kingdom and quickly rose...
in 1748 had severely shaken the stability of the central government, and given to the provincial governors a dangerous degree of power. One of the most influential of these was Ali Muhammad in Rohilkhand
Rohilkhand
Rohilkhand is a region of northwestern Uttar Pradesh state of India.Rohilkhand lies on the upper Ganges alluvial plain and has an area of about 25,000 km²/10,000 square miles...
, and the new wajir
Wajir
Wajir is a town in the North Eastern Province of Kenya. It is the capital of Wajir County.-History:A cluster of cairns near Wajir are generally ascribed by the local inhabitants to the Madanle, a semi-legendary people of high stature, who are associated with the Somali Ajuuraan. A. T...
, who had already quarrelled with him, looked with apprehension on his growing prestige. With Qaim Khan
Qaim Khan
Khan-e Jehan Nawab Qaim Khan Shaheed who was the son of Raja Motay Rai Chauhan, the ruler of Dorayra or Dadrewa . The first progenitor of Qaimkhanis was Karamchand born in the family of Moterao of Chauhan clan, the ruler of Dadrewa. Firuz Shah Tughluq converted him to Islam and named him Qaimkhan...
, the son of Muhammad Khan, he had also a hereditary feud, and he determined to set his two enemies at one another's throats, being certain to be himself the gainer whatever the event. Accordingly on the death od Ali Muhammad in 1749, after an abortive attempt to overthrow his successor by other means, an imperial farman was issued to Qaim Khan conferring on him the mahals of Bareilly and Moradabad wrongfully usurped by Sadullah Khan, the son of Ali Muhammad.
Qaim Khan fell into the trap laid for him and set out to the conquest of his new territories with a large force. At Qadirganj
Qadirganj
Qadirganj , also spelled Kadirganj, is a city in the Etah Zila of Uttar Pradesh, India. Qadirganj is home to the Patna Bird Sanctuary and the city's access points are the Ganj Dundwara Railway Station and Agra Civil Enclaves.-External links:*...
on the Ganges in the Etah district, he was defeated by the Rohillas under Hafiz Rahmat Khan
Hafiz Rahmat Khan
Hafiz Rahmat Khan was Regent of Rohilkhand in North India, from 1749 to 1774. He was a Pashtun by background, ruling over Rohillas ....
and killed. Safdar Jang at ones attempted to seize Farrukhabad and the other Bangash parganas, but Ahmad Khan, the son of Qaim Khan, collected his adherents and in 1750 defeated the Wajir General Nawab Rae at Khuaganj, and the Wajit soon afterwards near Patiali. Had the ambition and enterprise of Ahmad Khan been equal to his personal courage there is little doubt that he might now have pushed on to Delhi and made himself master of the Emperors person and virtual sovereign. He was, however, far too easy-going in disposition to embark on such a scheme and contented himself with the recovery of his family, former territories and the recognition of his title to them from the Emperor. The administration of the various parganas was given to his brothers and relations, Shikohabad, which included Sakit, Kuraoli and Alikhera, going to Azim Khan, and Bhongaon and Bewar to the Majhle Nawab, Shadi Khan was sent to occupy Kora, but was opposed and defeated by Ali Quli Khan, the deputy in the Allahabad Subah. Ahmad Khans reluctance to move was overcome by the insistence of his counselors and he was persuaded to advance on Allahabad in person. While he was besieging that town the wajir had had time to recover from his defeat and had called in the Marathas to his assistance.
The approach of the united armies towards Farrukhabad obliged Ahmad Khan to raise the siege of Allahabad, and after some discussion he decided to return to protect his own home. But the discouragement produced by this retreat proved too much for his mercenaries and they melted away until when he reached Fatehgarh he had too small a force to attempt to do more than hold the fort. After a month's siege a Rohilla army under Sadullah Khan and Bahadur Khan came down to his assistance, but was defeated by the Marathas, and Ahmad Khan then fled through Rohilkhand to Kumaon, where he remained till 1752, when a fresh invasion of India by Ahmad Shah Durrani made Safdar Jang and the Marathas anxious for pease. It was agreed that Rohilkhand and Farrukhabad should be evacuated on condition that Ahmad Khan took over the debt of thirty lakhs of rupees due from Safdar Jang to the Marathas as pay for their services, ceding as security for the debt sixteen and a half of the thirty three mahals comprised in his territories. The management of the whole remained in the hands of Ahmad Khan, who paid the surplus revenue, after deducting the cost of management and the pay of the troops, to two Marathas agents stationed at Kanauj and Aliganj. Payments continued to be made till the battle of Panipat in 1761, when the Marathas left Doab.
Contemporary History, Developments and Concerns
Kaimganj process the honour of being ancestral town of Late Dr. Zakir Hussain, Former President of Republic of India. The very famous poet and progressive writer of his time Late Ghulam Rabbani Taban was from this place. Dr Shah Alam Khan, Professor of Orthopaedics at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi hails from Qaimganj. His references in Orthopaedic literature are well quoted. Kaimganj has emerged as a major developed town in the region on infrastructural, economical, educational parts.Mr Salman Khursheed, Unionn State Minister for Company Affairs also hails from Kaimganj.The major concern in the town today is the ambivalent tobacco industry. No Doubt tobacco industry has contributed a lot in the development of the town - by generating numerous employment opportunities for the poor and rich equally, and thus adding to the prosperity of the town. However, a large increase in the tobacco cultivation and processing in the various godowns located in city's residential premises is adding to the health hazards of the residents. The symptoms of asthma, tuberculosis and other respiratory malfunctions are evident in the people who work in tobacco processing industry and also among the common citizens.