Jean-Noël Jeanneney
Encyclopedia
Jean-Noël Jeanneney is a French
historian
and politician
, born on 2 April 1942 in Grenoble
. He is the son of Jean-Marcel Jeanneney
and the grandson of Jules Jeanneney
, both important figures in French politics.
. Beginning at the rue d'Ulm campus of the École Normale Supérieure
, he later studied at the Institut d'études politiques de Paris
(IEP) (lit. "Paris Institute of Political Studies"). He earned his doctorate in letters
and passed his agrégation
(a competitive examination) in history.
, an area which he helped pioneer. He took interest in the evolution of print media (newspaper
s and periodicals), of radio
, and of television
. He taught at the University of Paris X: Nanterre
until 1977. He was also named maître de conférences, and then, in 1979, professeur des universités at the IEP. It was there that he oversaw research on the history of the press.
. Specifically, he was president and general manager of Radio France
from 1982 to 1986 and afterwards worked in television, in particular for a history channel on cable television
.
.
He has been co-president of the think tank
Europartenaires along with Élisabeth Guigou
since 1998.
. In this capacity, he has been noted for his opposition to Google Book Search
. http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/216412.ctl Since making his objections known, he has been looking to develop a Europe
an digitization program to be run by governmental authorities.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
historian
Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
and politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, born on 2 April 1942 in Grenoble
Grenoble
Grenoble is a city in southeastern France, at the foot of the French Alps where the river Drac joins the Isère. Located in the Rhône-Alpes region, Grenoble is the capital of the department of Isère...
. He is the son of Jean-Marcel Jeanneney
Jean-Marcel Jeanneney
Jean-Marcel Jeanneney was a minister in various French governments in the 1950s and 60s, as well as France's first ambassador to Algeria in the immediate aftermath of the Algerian War...
and the grandson of Jules Jeanneney
Jules Jeanneney
Jules Émile Jeanneney was a French lawyer and politician.Jules Jeanneney was born in Besançon in the department of Doubs. His mother died soon after his birth, leaving his father, an auctioneer, to raise the child. Jeanneney said that he felt that his mother's death affected him greatly in later...
, both important figures in French politics.
Education
After his secondary schooling in Grenoble, Jeanneney studied in ParisParis
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. Beginning at the rue d'Ulm campus of the École Normale Supérieure
École Normale Supérieure
The École normale supérieure is one of the most prestigious French grandes écoles...
, he later studied at the Institut d'études politiques de Paris
Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris
The Institut d'études politiques de Paris , simply referred to as Sciences Po , is a public research and higher education institution in Paris, France, specialised in the social sciences. It has the status of grand établissement, which allows its admissions process to be highly selective...
(IEP) (lit. "Paris Institute of Political Studies"). He earned his doctorate in letters
Doctor of Letters
Doctor of Letters is a university academic degree, often a higher doctorate which is frequently awarded as an honorary degree in recognition of outstanding scholarship or other merits.-Commonwealth:...
and passed his agrégation
Agrégation
In France, the agrégation is a civil service competitive examination for some positions in the public education system. The laureates are known as agrégés...
(a competitive examination) in history.
Media studies
Jeanneney specialized in media historyMedia studies
Media studies is an academic discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history and effects of various media; in particular, the 'mass media'. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but mostly from its core disciplines of mass...
, an area which he helped pioneer. He took interest in the evolution of print media (newspaper
Newspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...
s and periodicals), of radio
Radio
Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space...
, and of television
Television
Television is a telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images that can be monochrome or colored, with accompanying sound...
. He taught at the University of Paris X: Nanterre
University of Paris X: Nanterre
Paris West University Nanterre La Défense formerly called Paris X Nanterre is a French university in the Academy of Versailles. It is one of the 13 successor universities of the University of Paris. It is located in the western suburb of Nanterre, near La Défense, the business district of Paris...
until 1977. He was also named maître de conférences, and then, in 1979, professeur des universités at the IEP. It was there that he oversaw research on the history of the press.
Involvement in radio and television
Jeanneney subsequently changed his focus, from external study to actual participation in mass mediaMass media
Mass media refers collectively to all media technologies which are intended to reach a large audience via mass communication. Broadcast media transmit their information electronically and comprise of television, film and radio, movies, CDs, DVDs and some other gadgets like cameras or video consoles...
. Specifically, he was president and general manager of Radio France
Radio France
Radio France is a French public service radio broadcaster.-Mission:Radio France's two principal missions are:* To create and expand the programming on all of their stations; and...
from 1982 to 1986 and afterwards worked in television, in particular for a history channel on cable television
Cable television
Cable television is a system of providing television programs to consumers via radio frequency signals transmitted to televisions through coaxial cables or digital light pulses through fixed optical fibers located on the subscriber's property, much like the over-the-air method used in traditional...
.
Political career
In politics, Jeanneney is close to the Socialist PartySocialist Party (France)
The Socialist Party is a social-democratic political party in France and the largest party of the French centre-left. It is one of the two major contemporary political parties in France, along with the center-right Union for a Popular Movement...
.
- 1991-1992: junior minister of Exterior CommerceCommerceWhile business refers to the value-creating activities of an organization for profit, commerce means the whole system of an economy that constitutes an environment for business. The system includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural, and technological systems that are in operation in any...
(under Prime MinisterPrime Minister of FranceThe Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
Édith CressonÉdith CressonÉdith Cresson is a French politician. She was the first and so far only woman to have held the office of Prime Minister of France.- French Prime Minister :Cresson was appointed to the prime ministerial post by President François Mitterrand on 15 May 1991...
) - 1992-1993: junior minister of Communication (under Prime Minister Pierre BérégovoyPierre BérégovoyPierre Eugène Bérégovoy was a French Socialist politician. He served as Prime Minister under François Mitterrand from 1992 to 1993.-Early career:...
) - 1992-1998: member of the conseil régionalConseil régionalA Regional Council is the elected assembly of a region of France.-History:Regional councils were created by law on 5 July 1972. Originally they were simply consultative bodies consisting of the region's parliamentary representatives plus an equal number of members nominated by the departments and...
of the Franche-ComtéFranche-ComtéFranche-Comté the former "Free County" of Burgundy, as distinct from the neighbouring Duchy, is an administrative region and a traditional province of eastern France...
régionRégions of FranceFrance is divided into 27 administrative regions , 22 of which are in Metropolitan France, and five of which are overseas. Corsica is a territorial collectivity , but is considered a region in mainstream usage, and is even shown as such on the INSEE website...
He has been co-president of the think tank
Think tank
A think tank is an organization that conducts research and engages in advocacy in areas such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, and technology issues. Most think tanks are non-profit organizations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax...
Europartenaires along with Élisabeth Guigou
Élisabeth Guigou
Élisabeth Guigou is a French Socialist politician.-Biography:After attending ENA, France's elite graduate school of public affairs, she worked on Jacques Delors' staff in 1982 before being hired by Hubert Védrine in François Mitterrand's...
since 1998.
President of the National Library of France
From 2002 to 2007, Jeanneney has been president of the Bibliothèque nationale de FranceBibliothèque nationale de France
The is the National Library of France, located in Paris. It is intended to be the repository of all that is published in France. The current president of the library is Bruno Racine.-History:...
. In this capacity, he has been noted for his opposition to Google Book Search
Google Book Search
Google Books is a service from Google that searches the full text of books that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition, and stored in its digital database. The service was formerly known as Google Print when it was introduced at the Frankfurt Book Fair in October...
. http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/216412.ctl Since making his objections known, he has been looking to develop a Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an digitization program to be run by governmental authorities.
Published works
Jean-Noël Jeanneney has published works on media history, other works of history, and essays on various subjects. He has written prefaces for several works, which are not included on the list.- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, François de Wendel en république : l'argent et le pouvoir (1914-1940) [thesis], Seuil, Paris, 1976. ISBN 2-02-004410-2.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, L'Argent caché : milieux d'affaires et pouvoirs politiques dans la France du XXe siècle, Fayard, Paris, 1981. ISBN 2-213-00947-3.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, Échec à Panurge : l'audiovisuel public au service de la différence, Seuil, Paris, 1986. ISBN 2-02-009238-7.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, Une histoire des médias, des origines à nos jours , Points, Paris, 1990 (republished 4 times). ISBN 2-02-052887-8
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, L'Avenir vient de loin, Seuil, Paris, 1994. ISBN 2-02-022648-0.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, with Agnès Chauveau, L'Écho du siècle : dictionnaire de la radio et de la télévision, Hachette, Arte, La Cinquième, Paris, 1999. ISBN 2-01-235276-6.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, Le duel : une passion française (1789-1914), Seuil, Paris, 2004. ISBN 2-02-065383-4.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, Clemenceau : portrait d'un homme libre, Mengès, Paris, 2005. ISBN 2-85620-455-4.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, Quand Google défie l'Europe : plaidoyer pour un sursaut, Mille et une Nuits, Paris, 2005. ISBN 2-84205-912-3.
- Jean-Noël Jeanneney, Google and the Myth of Universal Knowledge : a view from Europe , translated by Teresa Lavender Fagan, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 2007. ISBN 0-226-39577-4.
Articles
- Quand le sacrilège était puni de mort en France (When Sacrilege Was Punished By Death In France), in L'HistoireL'HistoireL'Histoire is a monthly mainstream French magazine dedicated to historical studies, recognized by peers as the most important historical popular magazine ....
, June 2006, pp.68-72 (on the 1825 Anti-Sacrilege ActAnti-Sacrilege ActThe Anti-Sacrilege Act was a French law against blasphemy and sacrilege passed in January 1825 under King Charles X. The law was never applied and was later revoked at the beginning of the July monarchy under King Louis-Philippe.-The draft bill:In April 1824, King Louis XVIII's government, headed...
)