Jambi (province)
Encyclopedia
Jambi is a province
of Indonesia
. It is located on the east coast of central Sumatra
and its capital is Jambi city
.
The population of the province is 3,088,618
n kingdom that engaged in trade throughout the Strait of Malacca
and beyond. Jambi succeeded Palembang
to the south (a military and economic rival) as the capital of the kingdom. The move to Jambi was partly induced by the 1025 raid by pirates from the Chola region of southern India
, which destroyed much of Palembang.
In the early decades of the Dutch presence in the region (see Dutch East India Company in Indonesia
, when they were one of several traders competing with the British, Chinese, Arabs, and Malays, the Jambi sultanate profited from trade in pepper
with the Dutch. This relationship declined by about 1770, and the sultanate had little contact with the Dutch for about sixty years.
In 1833, minor conflicts with the Dutch (the Indonesian colonial possessions of which were now nationalised as the Dutch East Indies
) who were well established in Palembang, meant the Dutch increasingly felt the need to control the actions of Jambi. They coerced Sultan Facharudin to agree to greater Dutch presence in the region and control over trade, although the sultanate remained nominally independent. In 1858 the Dutch, apparently concerned over the risk of competition for control from other foreign powers, invaded Jambi with a force from their capital Batavia
. They met little resistance, and Sultan Taha fled upriver, to the inland regions of Jambi. The Dutch installed a puppet ruler, Nazarudin, in the lower region, which included the capital city. For the next forty years Taha maintained the upriver kingdom, and slowly reextended his influence over the lower regions through political agreements and marriage connections. In 1904, however, the Dutch were stronger and, as a part of a larger campaign to consolidate control over the entire archipelago, soldiers finally managed to capture and kill Taha, and in 1906, the entire area was brought under direct colonial management.
Following the death of Jambi sultan, Taha Saifuddin, on April 27, 1904 and the success of the Dutch controlled areas of the Sultanate of Jambi, Jambi then set as the Residency and entry into the territory Nederlandsch Indie. Jambi's first Resident OL Helfrich was appointed by the Governor General of the Dutch Decree No. 20 dated May 4, 1906 and his inauguration held on July 2, 1906.
district, recognized as a world heritage.
The site was a Buddhist education center that flourished during the 7th and 8th centuries and made from bricks which has similarity with those making up Buddhist temples in India
.
Provinces of Indonesia
The province is the highest tier of local government subnational entity in Indonesia. Each province has its own local government, headed by a governor, and has its own legislative body...
of Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. It is located on the east coast of central Sumatra
Sumatra
Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...
and its capital is Jambi city
Jambi (city)
Jambi is a city in Indonesia, capital of Jambi province, on the island of Sumatra. The city is a busy port on the Batang Hari River and an oil- and rubber-producing centre...
.
The population of the province is 3,088,618
History
Jambi was the site of the SrivijayaSrivijaya
Srivijaya was a powerful ancient thalassocratic Malay empire based on the island of Sumatra, modern day Indonesia, which influenced much of Southeast Asia. The earliest solid proof of its existence dates from the 7th century; a Chinese monk, I-Tsing, wrote that he visited Srivijaya in 671 for 6...
n kingdom that engaged in trade throughout the Strait of Malacca
Strait of Malacca
The Strait of Malacca is a narrow, stretch of water between the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra. It is named after the Malacca Sultanate that ruled over the archipelago between 1414 to 1511.-Extent:...
and beyond. Jambi succeeded Palembang
Palembang
Palembang is the capital city of the South Sumatra province in Indonesia. Palembang is one of the oldest cities in Indonesia, and has a history of being a capital of a maritime empire. Located on the Musi River banks on the east coast of southern Sumatra island, it has an area of 400.61 square...
to the south (a military and economic rival) as the capital of the kingdom. The move to Jambi was partly induced by the 1025 raid by pirates from the Chola region of southern India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, which destroyed much of Palembang.
In the early decades of the Dutch presence in the region (see Dutch East India Company in Indonesia
Dutch East India Company in Indonesia
The Dutch East India Company had a presence in the Indonesian archipelago from 1603, when the first trading post was established, to 1800, when the bankrupted party was dissolved, and its possessions nationalised as the Dutch East Indies....
, when they were one of several traders competing with the British, Chinese, Arabs, and Malays, the Jambi sultanate profited from trade in pepper
Black pepper
Black pepper is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit, known as a peppercorn when dried, is approximately in diameter, dark red when fully mature, and, like all drupes, contains a single seed...
with the Dutch. This relationship declined by about 1770, and the sultanate had little contact with the Dutch for about sixty years.
In 1833, minor conflicts with the Dutch (the Indonesian colonial possessions of which were now nationalised as the Dutch East Indies
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....
) who were well established in Palembang, meant the Dutch increasingly felt the need to control the actions of Jambi. They coerced Sultan Facharudin to agree to greater Dutch presence in the region and control over trade, although the sultanate remained nominally independent. In 1858 the Dutch, apparently concerned over the risk of competition for control from other foreign powers, invaded Jambi with a force from their capital Batavia
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
. They met little resistance, and Sultan Taha fled upriver, to the inland regions of Jambi. The Dutch installed a puppet ruler, Nazarudin, in the lower region, which included the capital city. For the next forty years Taha maintained the upriver kingdom, and slowly reextended his influence over the lower regions through political agreements and marriage connections. In 1904, however, the Dutch were stronger and, as a part of a larger campaign to consolidate control over the entire archipelago, soldiers finally managed to capture and kill Taha, and in 1906, the entire area was brought under direct colonial management.
Following the death of Jambi sultan, Taha Saifuddin, on April 27, 1904 and the success of the Dutch controlled areas of the Sultanate of Jambi, Jambi then set as the Residency and entry into the territory Nederlandsch Indie. Jambi's first Resident OL Helfrich was appointed by the Governor General of the Dutch Decree No. 20 dated May 4, 1906 and his inauguration held on July 2, 1906.
Administrative divisions
Jambi province is divided into nine regencies (kabupaten) and two cities (kota):- Batang HariBatang Hari Regency-External links:*...
- BungoBungo RegencyBungo is a regency or of Jambi Province in Sumatra, Indonesia. As of 2009, the population was 271,625. The Regency has an area of 7,160km2....
- Jambi (city)Jambi (city)Jambi is a city in Indonesia, capital of Jambi province, on the island of Sumatra. The city is a busy port on the Batang Hari River and an oil- and rubber-producing centre...
- KerinciKerinci RegencyKerinci is a regency in Jambi province, Indonesia. The regency has an area of 4,200 km². As of 2009, Kerinci had a population of 233,719. The capital is Siulak. Kerinci is located 450 km from Jambi City, the capital of Jambi Province....
- Merangin
- Muaro JambiMuaro JambiMuaro Jambi might refer to:* Muaro Jambi Regency, a regency in Jambi province, Indonesia* Muaro Jambi Temple Compounds, an archaeological site consist of several buddhist temples...
- Sarolangun
- Sungai PenuhSungai PenuhSungai Penuh is a city in Indonesia, in Jambi province, on the island of Sumatra. http://www.bps.go.id/aboutus.php?hasilSP2010=1...
- Tanjung Jabung Barat
- Tanjung Jabung Timur
- Tebo
World Heritage Site
May 2011: The Jambi provincial administration is striving to have the ancient Muaro Jambi temple site at Muaro Jambi village in Maro Sebo sub district, Muaro JambiMuaro Jambi
Muaro Jambi might refer to:* Muaro Jambi Regency, a regency in Jambi province, Indonesia* Muaro Jambi Temple Compounds, an archaeological site consist of several buddhist temples...
district, recognized as a world heritage.
The site was a Buddhist education center that flourished during the 7th and 8th centuries and made from bricks which has similarity with those making up Buddhist temples in India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
.