Hauke-Bosak family
Encyclopedia
The Hauke-Bosak are originally a German
middle class
family of allegedly Dutch
origin, who after having settled in Poland
at the end of the 18th century achieved great importance and titles of nobility
in Congress Poland
and the Russian Empire
.
at the Imperial Chamber Court of the Holy Roman Empire
in Wetzlar
,who died in 1722 and was buried in his home town. By his wife Johanna Barbara of an unknown maiden name he had ten children, of whom two sons, Johannn Valentin (1698–1722) and Ignatz Marianus (1706–1784) came to important positions: Johann continued the family tradition of employment at the Court of Justice in Wetzlar, while Ignatz became a secretary
to the Government of the Electorate of Mainz. He again had many children, nine, with his wife Maria Franziska Riedesel
, who was an illegitimate (later acknowledged) daughter of Baron
George Riedesel zu Eisenbach, a member of one of the oldest Hessian
noble families. One of their sons, Johann Friedrich Michael Hauck (born 1737 in Mainz, died 1810 in Warsaw
) moved to Saxony
and later to Poland as a secretary of the powerful Count Alois von Brühl, Starost of Warsaw and General of the Royal Polish Artillery
, son of the famous Saxon-Polish minister
Heinrich von Brühl
. In 1782 Count Alois sold his Polish dignities and estates and returned to Saxony, but Johann Friedrich with his family of seven children by an Alsatian
Protestant preacher
's daughter Salomea b. Schweppenhäuser (1755–1833), stayed in Warsaw. Having changed his Christian names to more Polish sounding Fryderyk Karol Emanuel and his surname
to Hauke, he had considerable success as owner of a private school and later as teacher
of the German language
and mathematics
at an exclusive Prussian school for boys, called Warsaw Lycaeum.
Three of Hauke's sons, John Maurice, Ludwik August (1779–1851) and Joseph (1790–1837) entered after 1815 the service of the Czar, who was at the same time King of Congress Poland, achieved very high positions and received titles and rights od Polish nobility
in 1826. The coat of arms
awarded to them received in accordance to the Polish custom of naming arms the name "Bosak" (Grappling hook
), which some, but not all, members of the family attached to their surname. John Maurice (in 1829) and Joseph (in 1830), both of them General
s, were elevated to the rank of count
s of the Russian Empire
. In 1861 the branch of Ludwik August followed, having obtained an Austria
n confirmation of the title of Count awarded to General Alexander Hauke (1814–1868), who married his cousin
Sophie (1816–1861), a daughter of John Maurice and sister to Julia von Battenberg and Catarina Hauke.
The branches of Maurice and Joseph became extinct in male line in 1852 respectively in 1949, the branch of Ludwik and Alexander still flourishes. Its descendants live all in Stockholm
except one, who is a Dominican
prior
in Poznań
. They left Poland and settled down in Sweden
about 1960, aided by their relative, Queen Louise of Sweden
.
Most of the Haukes living in Warsaw in the first half of the 19th century are buried at the Catholic Powązki Cemetery
in Warsaw, those who were Lutherans or Calvinists (mostly Protestant women who married into the family) repose at the Lutheran and Calvinist Cemeteries of the Polish capital. Solely John Maurice and his wife lie in the crypt
of the Capucin church in Warsaw's Old Town.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
middle class
Middle class
The middle class is any class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class....
family of allegedly Dutch
Dutch people
The Dutch people are an ethnic group native to the Netherlands. They share a common culture and speak the Dutch language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in Suriname, Chile, Brazil, Canada, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, and the United...
origin, who after having settled in Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
at the end of the 18th century achieved great importance and titles of nobility
Nobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
in Congress Poland
Congress Poland
The Kingdom of Poland , informally known as Congress Poland , created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, was a personal union of the Russian parcel of Poland with the Russian Empire...
and the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
.
A short history of the family
First known ancestor of the Haukes was Johann Gaspar Hauck, a registrarRegistrar
A registrar is an official keeper of records made in a register. Registrar may also refer to:-Government records:* Recorder of deeds, government office which maintains public records related to real estate...
at the Imperial Chamber Court of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
in Wetzlar
Wetzlar
Wetzlar is a city in the state of Hesse, Germany. Located at 8° 30′ E, 50° 34′ N, Wetzlar straddles the river Lahn and is on the German Timber-Framework Road which passes mile upon mile of half-timbered houses. Historically, the city has acted as the hub of the Lahn-Dill-Kreis on the north edge of...
,who died in 1722 and was buried in his home town. By his wife Johanna Barbara of an unknown maiden name he had ten children, of whom two sons, Johannn Valentin (1698–1722) and Ignatz Marianus (1706–1784) came to important positions: Johann continued the family tradition of employment at the Court of Justice in Wetzlar, while Ignatz became a secretary
Secretary
A secretary, or administrative assistant, is a person whose work consists of supporting management, including executives, using a variety of project management, communication & organizational skills. These functions may be entirely carried out to assist one other employee or may be for the benefit...
to the Government of the Electorate of Mainz. He again had many children, nine, with his wife Maria Franziska Riedesel
Riedesel
Riedesel is a German family name that began to appear in legal documents in the early 13th century. They were of the knightly class, though not all had the official status of Ritter or knight. Its exact geographical and temporal origins are uncertain. However, all of the early references are from...
, who was an illegitimate (later acknowledged) daughter of Baron
Baron
Baron is a title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English beorn meaning "nobleman"...
George Riedesel zu Eisenbach, a member of one of the oldest Hessian
Hesse
Hesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
noble families. One of their sons, Johann Friedrich Michael Hauck (born 1737 in Mainz, died 1810 in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
) moved to Saxony
Saxony
The Free State of Saxony is a landlocked state of Germany, contingent with Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, Bavaria, the Czech Republic and Poland. It is the tenth-largest German state in area, with of Germany's sixteen states....
and later to Poland as a secretary of the powerful Count Alois von Brühl, Starost of Warsaw and General of the Royal Polish Artillery
Artillery
Originally applied to any group of infantry primarily armed with projectile weapons, artillery has over time become limited in meaning to refer only to those engines of war that operate by projection of munitions far beyond the range of effect of personal weapons...
, son of the famous Saxon-Polish minister
Minister (government)
A minister is a politician who holds significant public office in a national or regional government. Senior ministers are members of the cabinet....
Heinrich von Brühl
Heinrich von Brühl
Heinrich, count von Brühl , was a German statesman at the court of Saxony and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth...
. In 1782 Count Alois sold his Polish dignities and estates and returned to Saxony, but Johann Friedrich with his family of seven children by an Alsatian
Alsace
Alsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area , and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km²...
Protestant preacher
Preacher
Preacher is a term for someone who preaches sermons or gives homilies. A preacher is distinct from a theologian by focusing on the communication rather than the development of doctrine. Others see preaching and theology as being intertwined...
's daughter Salomea b. Schweppenhäuser (1755–1833), stayed in Warsaw. Having changed his Christian names to more Polish sounding Fryderyk Karol Emanuel and his surname
Surname
A surname is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name. In many cases, a surname is a family name. Many dictionaries define "surname" as a synonym of "family name"...
to Hauke, he had considerable success as owner of a private school and later as teacher
Teacher
A teacher or schoolteacher is a person who provides education for pupils and students . The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional...
of the German language
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
and mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
at an exclusive Prussian school for boys, called Warsaw Lycaeum.
Three of Hauke's sons, John Maurice, Ludwik August (1779–1851) and Joseph (1790–1837) entered after 1815 the service of the Czar, who was at the same time King of Congress Poland, achieved very high positions and received titles and rights od Polish nobility
Nobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
in 1826. The coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
awarded to them received in accordance to the Polish custom of naming arms the name "Bosak" (Grappling hook
Grappling hook
A grappling hook is an anchor with multiple hooks , attached to a rope; it is thrown, dropped, sunk, projected, or fastened directly by hand to where at least one hook may catch and hold. Generally, grappling hooks are used to temporarily secure one end of a rope. They may also be used to dredge...
), which some, but not all, members of the family attached to their surname. John Maurice (in 1829) and Joseph (in 1830), both of them General
General
A general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
s, were elevated to the rank of count
Count
A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is...
s of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
. In 1861 the branch of Ludwik August followed, having obtained an Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
n confirmation of the title of Count awarded to General Alexander Hauke (1814–1868), who married his cousin
Cousin
In kinship terminology, a cousin is a relative with whom one shares one or more common ancestors. The term is rarely used when referring to a relative in one's immediate family where there is a more specific term . The term "blood relative" can be used synonymously and establishes the existence of...
Sophie (1816–1861), a daughter of John Maurice and sister to Julia von Battenberg and Catarina Hauke.
The branches of Maurice and Joseph became extinct in male line in 1852 respectively in 1949, the branch of Ludwik and Alexander still flourishes. Its descendants live all in Stockholm
Stockholm
Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...
except one, who is a Dominican
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
prior
Prior
Prior is an ecclesiastical title, derived from the Latin adjective for 'earlier, first', with several notable uses.-Monastic superiors:A Prior is a monastic superior, usually lower in rank than an Abbot. In the Rule of St...
in Poznań
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
. They left Poland and settled down in Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
about 1960, aided by their relative, Queen Louise of Sweden
Louise Mountbatten
Louise Alexandra Marie Irene Mountbatten became Queen consort of Sweden in 1950 and served as such until her death in 1965...
.
Most of the Haukes living in Warsaw in the first half of the 19th century are buried at the Catholic Powązki Cemetery
Powazki Cemetery
Powązki Cemetery , also known as the Stare Powązki is a historic cemetery located in the Wola district, western part of Warsaw, Poland. It is the most famous cemetery in the city, and one of the oldest...
in Warsaw, those who were Lutherans or Calvinists (mostly Protestant women who married into the family) repose at the Lutheran and Calvinist Cemeteries of the Polish capital. Solely John Maurice and his wife lie in the crypt
Crypt
In architecture, a crypt is a stone chamber or vault beneath the floor of a burial vault possibly containing sarcophagi, coffins or relics....
of the Capucin church in Warsaw's Old Town.
Known members of the family
- John Maurice Hauke, General
- Julia von Battenberg, PrincessPrincessPrincess is the feminine form of prince . Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or his daughters....
- Józef Hauke-BosakJózef Hauke-BosakCount Józef Hauke-Bosak was a Polish general in the January Uprising, and commander of the Polish army in Lesser Poland, the closest collaborator of rebellion leader Romuald Traugutt. He fought many successful battles against the Russians in this region. He fled Poland after the Uprising collapsed...
, General
Sources
- Stanisław Łoza, Rodziny polskie pochodzenia cudzoziemskiego zamieszkale w Warszawie i okolicach, vol. 2, Warsaw 1934
- Baron Constantin Stackelberg, Genealogy of the Hauke Family,, Washington D.C. 1955
- Information from Count Zygmunt de Hauke, Stockholm