Haripur
Encyclopedia
Haripur is a city in Haripur District
in the Hazara Division
of Hazara
, some 65 km (40.4 mi) north of Islamabad
and 35 km (21.7 mi) south of Abbottabad
, in a hilly plain area at an altitude of 520 m (1,706 ft). The city is situated on the Karakoram Highway
(N35).
general Hari Singh Nalwa
in 1822 and became the headquarters of Hazara (until 1853). Hari Singh Nalwa was appointed by Sikh leader Ranjit Singh
as the second Nazim
of Hazara after the first Nazim Amar Singh Majithia was killed by the local populace at Nara.
Haripur was built as a fortress
surrounded by a wall which was 4 yards (3.7 m) thick and 16 yards (14.6 m) high and had only four openings. That fort later became the city police station. There is a famous Campus of Allama Iqbal Open University
, and a campus of the Hazara University, Dhodial Mansehra. Haripur is famous for its greenery and is a source of nursery plants, ornamentals and forest plants for the rest of NWFP and Pakistan.
Drinking water
was provided by digging a tank. Many small drainages were dug to carry sullage water
. A small river, the river Dore, passes through the city, feeding the Tarbela Dam
.
Baron Hugal visited the town on December 23, 1835, and he found the town humming with activity. The municipality was constituted in 1867.
An obelisk marks the grave of Colonel Canara, a European officer of the Sikh Artillery, who fell in 1848 defending his guns single-handed against the insurgents under Chattar Singh
.
In 1851 the 4th (Hazara) Mountain Battery was raised from Hazara gunners, who were trained by Major Abbott, a British officer and first deputy commissioner of Hazara, in order to defend Hazara District. The Hazaras embarked on many campaigns throughout the province.
The population in 1901 was 5,578 and the income and expenditure during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 17,800. In 1903-4 the income and expenditure were Rs. 19,100 and Rs. 20,000 respectively.
and Mansehra
and the rest of Hazara Division
. The main language spoken in Haripur is Hindko, which is related to languages like Punjabi, Potohari, Gojri and Urdu. Haripur is famous for its guava
s (Urdu: امرود). Khanpur, one of the main areas of Haripur, is famous for its red blood oranges. Haripur is the main town of Haripur District
, one of the five districts that used to comprise Hazara Division
— namely Haripur, Abbottabad
, Mansehra
, Batagram
and Kohistan
.
Several miles to the south of Haripur lies the ancient Buddhist university town of Taxila
. To the north is the world's largest rockfilled dam, the Tarbela Dam
, the bulwark of Pakistan's power generation and irrigation system. Also to the south lies the picturesque Khanpur Dam
, which supplies drinking water to Islamabad
and Rawalpindi
.
Close to the city of Haripur also lies the industrial area of Hattar
. Another major industrial complex lying at the outskirts of the city is the Telephone Industries of Pakistan (TIP), the biggest telephone factory in Asia. Located just next to TIP is National Radio Telecommunication Corporation (NRTC).
Haripur District
Haripur is a district in the Hazara region of Khyber-Pukhtunkhwa, province of Pakistan with an altitude of around above sea level. Haripur District has the highest Human Development Index of all the districts in the Hazara....
in the Hazara Division
Hazara Division
On the dissolution of West Pakistan in 1970, Hazara District and the two tribal agencies were merged to form the new Hazara Division with its capital at Abbottabad...
of Hazara
Hazara
The Hazāra are a Persian-speaking people who mainly live in central Afghanistan. They are overwhelmingly Shia Muslims and comprise the third largest ethnic group of Afghanistan, forming about 18% of the total population...
, some 65 km (40.4 mi) north of Islamabad
Islamabad
Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan and the tenth largest city in the country. Located within the Islamabad Capital Territory , the population of the city has grown from 100,000 in 1951 to 1.7 million in 2011...
and 35 km (21.7 mi) south of Abbottabad
Abbottabad
Abbottabad is a city located in the Hazara region of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, in Pakistan. The city is situated in the Orash Valley, northeast of the capital Islamabad and east of Peshawar at an altitude of and is the capital of the Abbottabad District...
, in a hilly plain area at an altitude of 520 m (1,706 ft). The city is situated on the Karakoram Highway
Karakoram Highway
The Karakoram Highway is the highest paved international road in the world, but at its peak at the China-Pakistan border it is only paved on the Chinese side. It connects China and Pakistan across the Karakoram mountain range, through the Khunjerab Pass, at an altitude of as confirmed by both...
(N35).
History
Haripur was founded by the SikhSikh
A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...
general Hari Singh Nalwa
Hari Singh Nalwa
Hari Singh Nalwa was Commander-in-chief of the Khalsa, the army of the Sikh Empire. He is known for his role in the conquests of Kasur, Sialkot, Multan, Kashmir, Attock, and Peshawar. He led the Sikh Army in freeing Shah Shuja from Kashmir and secured the Koh-i-Nor diamond for Maharaja Ranjit Singh...
in 1822 and became the headquarters of Hazara (until 1853). Hari Singh Nalwa was appointed by Sikh leader Ranjit Singh
Ranjit Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...
as the second Nazim
Nazim
A nazim is the coordinator of cities and towns in Pakistan. Nazim is the title in Urdu of the chief elected official of a local government in Pakistan, such as a district, tehsil, union council, or village council....
of Hazara after the first Nazim Amar Singh Majithia was killed by the local populace at Nara.
Haripur was built as a fortress
Fortification
Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defence in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs...
surrounded by a wall which was 4 yards (3.7 m) thick and 16 yards (14.6 m) high and had only four openings. That fort later became the city police station. There is a famous Campus of Allama Iqbal Open University
Allama Iqbal Open University
Allama Iqbal Open University , founded in 1974, is a university in Islamabad, Pakistan. It is one of the world's largest universities by enrollment, with 1,121,038 students in the year 2010 whereas Course Enrollment of these students are 3,305,948 -History:Allama Iqbal Open University was...
, and a campus of the Hazara University, Dhodial Mansehra. Haripur is famous for its greenery and is a source of nursery plants, ornamentals and forest plants for the rest of NWFP and Pakistan.
Drinking water
Drinking water
Drinking water or potable water is water pure enough to be consumed or used with low risk of immediate or long term harm. In most developed countries, the water supplied to households, commerce and industry is all of drinking water standard, even though only a very small proportion is actually...
was provided by digging a tank. Many small drainages were dug to carry sullage water
Greywater
Greywater is wastewater generated from domestic activities such as laundry, dishwashing, and bathing, which can be recycled on-site for uses such as landscape irrigation and constructed wetlands...
. A small river, the river Dore, passes through the city, feeding the Tarbela Dam
Tarbela Dam
Tarbela Dam on the Indus River in Pakistan is the second largest dam in the world by structural volume. It is located in Haripur District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, about northwest of Islamabad.The dam is high above the riverbed. The dam forms the Tarbela Reservoir, with a surface area of approximately...
.
Baron Hugal visited the town on December 23, 1835, and he found the town humming with activity. The municipality was constituted in 1867.
An obelisk marks the grave of Colonel Canara, a European officer of the Sikh Artillery, who fell in 1848 defending his guns single-handed against the insurgents under Chattar Singh
Chattar Singh Attariwalla
General Chattar Singh Attariwalla, was a military commander and a member of the Sikh nobility during the period of the Sikh Empire in the mid-19th century in Punjab. He was also Governor of Hazara province and fought in the Second Anglo-Sikh War against the British...
.
The population in 1901 was 5,578 and the income and expenditure during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 17,800. In 1903-4 the income and expenditure were Rs. 19,100 and Rs. 20,000 respectively.
Geographical features
Haripur is a green valley, rich in fruits and vegetables, and serves as the base market for the mountainous cities of AbbottabadAbbottabad
Abbottabad is a city located in the Hazara region of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, in Pakistan. The city is situated in the Orash Valley, northeast of the capital Islamabad and east of Peshawar at an altitude of and is the capital of the Abbottabad District...
and Mansehra
Mansehra
Mansehra city is located at in Mansehra District, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is very near to Abbottabad city. It is a major stop for tourists on the Karakoram Highway which leads to China...
and the rest of Hazara Division
Hazara Division
On the dissolution of West Pakistan in 1970, Hazara District and the two tribal agencies were merged to form the new Hazara Division with its capital at Abbottabad...
. The main language spoken in Haripur is Hindko, which is related to languages like Punjabi, Potohari, Gojri and Urdu. Haripur is famous for its guava
Guava
Guavas are plants in the myrtle family genus Psidium , which contains about 100 species of tropical shrubs and small trees. They are native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America...
s (Urdu: امرود). Khanpur, one of the main areas of Haripur, is famous for its red blood oranges. Haripur is the main town of Haripur District
Haripur District
Haripur is a district in the Hazara region of Khyber-Pukhtunkhwa, province of Pakistan with an altitude of around above sea level. Haripur District has the highest Human Development Index of all the districts in the Hazara....
, one of the five districts that used to comprise Hazara Division
Hazara Division
On the dissolution of West Pakistan in 1970, Hazara District and the two tribal agencies were merged to form the new Hazara Division with its capital at Abbottabad...
— namely Haripur, Abbottabad
Abbottabad District
Abbottabad is a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The district covers an area of 1,969 km with the city of Abbottabad being the principal town...
, Mansehra
Mansehra District
Mansehra District is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, an area still unofficially known as the Northwest Frontier. Mansehra district and town are named after Man Singh, a leading general of Mughal Emperor Akbar...
, Batagram
Batagram District
Battagram is a district of Hazara in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It has a total land area of 1301 square kilometres and the estimated population of Battagram District in 2004-2005 was 361,000. .-Etymology:Battagram in Sanskrit means Village of the Brahmins...
and Kohistan
Kohistan District (Pakistan)
Kohistan has two distinct meanings in Pakistan. In Persian "koh" means "peak" and "istaan" means "land of". In its usual modern sense Kohistan District is an administrative district within Pakistan's Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Province covering an area of 7,492 sq.kilometres; it had a population of...
.
Several miles to the south of Haripur lies the ancient Buddhist university town of Taxila
Taxila
Taxila is a Tehsil in the Rawalpindi District of Punjab province of Pakistan. It is an important archaeological site.Taxila is situated about northwest of Islamabad Capital Territory and Rawalpindi in Panjab; just off the Grand Trunk Road...
. To the north is the world's largest rockfilled dam, the Tarbela Dam
Tarbela Dam
Tarbela Dam on the Indus River in Pakistan is the second largest dam in the world by structural volume. It is located in Haripur District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, about northwest of Islamabad.The dam is high above the riverbed. The dam forms the Tarbela Reservoir, with a surface area of approximately...
, the bulwark of Pakistan's power generation and irrigation system. Also to the south lies the picturesque Khanpur Dam
Khanpur Dam
Khanpur Dam is a dam located on the Haro River near the town of Khanpur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan, about 25 miles from Islamabad, Pakistan...
, which supplies drinking water to Islamabad
Islamabad
Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan and the tenth largest city in the country. Located within the Islamabad Capital Territory , the population of the city has grown from 100,000 in 1951 to 1.7 million in 2011...
and Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi , locally known as Pindi, is a city in the Pothohar region of Pakistan near Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. Rawalpindi is the fourth largest city in Pakistan after Karachi, Lahore and Faisalabad...
.
Close to the city of Haripur also lies the industrial area of Hattar
Hattar
Hattar is one of the 44 union councils, administrative subdivions, of Haripur District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located south of the district capital, Haripur, at 33°51'1N 72°51'8E and borders Taxila Tehsil of Punjab province....
. Another major industrial complex lying at the outskirts of the city is the Telephone Industries of Pakistan (TIP), the biggest telephone factory in Asia. Located just next to TIP is National Radio Telecommunication Corporation (NRTC).