Gilbert Ironside the younger
Encyclopedia
Gilbert Ironside the younger (1632 – 27 August 1701) was an English
churchman and academic, Warden
of Wadham College, Oxford
from 1667, Bishop of Bristol
and Bishop of Hereford
.
, born at Winterbourne Abbas
. On 14 November 1650, he matriculated
at Wadham College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A.
on 4 February 1653, M.A. on 22 June 1655, B.D.
on 12 October 1664, and D.D.
on 30 June 1666. He became scholar of his college in 1651, fellow in 1656, and was appointed public reader in grammar in 1659, bursar in 1659 and 1661, sub-warden in 1660, and librarian in 1662. He was presented in 1663 to the rectory of Winterbourne Faringdon by Sir John Miller, with which he held from 1666, in succession to his father, the rectory of Winterbourne Steepleton
.
On the promotion of Walter Blandford
to the See of Oxford, he was elected Warden of Wadham College on 7 December 1665, an office which he held for 25 years until his resignation on 7 October 1689. According to Anthony Wood
, he was strongly opposed to the high-handed John Fell
, and refused to serve as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford
during Fell's lifetime. After Fell's death in 1686, he filled the office from 1687 to 1689. When King James II
made his visit to Oxford
in September 1687 with the aim of compelling Magdalen College
to admit his nominee Anthony Farmer
as President, in a discussion with the King, Ironside insisted on the fellows' rights. He declined in November an invitation to dine with the King's special commissioners on the evening after they had expelled the fellows of Magdalen.
After the Glorious Revolution
, Ironside was rewarded for his resistance by being appointed bishop of Bristol
; the diocese was poor, and Ironside was consecrated, 13 October 1689, on the understanding that he should be translated to a more lucrative see when opportunity offered. On the death of Herbert Croft
, he was transferred to the see of Hereford in July 1691. Near the turn of the century when he was about sixty years of age, according to Wood, Ironside married a widow of Bristol, née Robinson. He died on 27 August 1701, and was buried in the church of St. Mary Somerset, Thames Street, London
. On the demolition
of that church in 1867, the bishop's remains were transferred to Hereford Cathedral
.
's account of a disputation at Oxford on the sacrament
, together with a letter of John Bradford
's (Oxford, 1688), and a sermon preached before the king on 23 November 1684 (Oxford, 1685). A portrait is in the hall of Wadham College.
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
churchman and academic, Warden
Warden (college)
A warden is the head of some colleges and other educational institutions. This applies especially at some colleges and institutions at the University of Oxford:* All Souls College* Greyfriars* Keble College* Merton College* New College* Nuffield College...
of Wadham College, Oxford
Wadham College, Oxford
Wadham College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, located at the southern end of Parks Road in central Oxford. It was founded by Nicholas and Dorothy Wadham, wealthy Somerset landowners, during the reign of King James I...
from 1667, Bishop of Bristol
Bishop of Bristol
The Bishop of Bristol heads the Church of England Diocese of Bristol in the Province of Canterbury, in England.The present diocese covers parts of the counties of Somerset and Gloucestershire together with a small area of Wiltshire...
and Bishop of Hereford
Bishop of Hereford
The Bishop of Hereford is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Hereford in the Province of Canterbury.The see is in the City of Hereford where the seat is located at the Cathedral Church of Saint Mary and Saint Ethelbert which was founded as a cathedral in 676.The Bishop's residence is...
.
Life
He was the third son of Gilbert Ironside the elderGilbert Ironside the elder
Gilbert Ironside was bishop of Bristol. He is referred to as the elder to distinguish himfrom his son, Gilbert Ironside the younger.-Life:...
, born at Winterbourne Abbas
Winterbourne Abbas
Winterborne Abbas is a village in south west Dorset, England, situated in a valley on the A35 road west of Dorchester. The village has a population of 295 .The Nine Stones stone circle lies just to the west of the village just to the south of the A35 road....
. On 14 November 1650, he matriculated
Matriculation
Matriculation, in the broadest sense, means to be registered or added to a list, from the Latin matricula – little list. In Scottish heraldry, for instance, a matriculation is a registration of armorial bearings...
at Wadham College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A.
Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
on 4 February 1653, M.A. on 22 June 1655, B.D.
Bachelor of Divinity
In Western universities, a Bachelor of Divinity is usually an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology or, rarely, religious studies....
on 12 October 1664, and D.D.
Doctor of Divinity
Doctor of Divinity is an advanced academic degree in divinity. Historically, it identified one who had been licensed by a university to teach Christian theology or related religious subjects....
on 30 June 1666. He became scholar of his college in 1651, fellow in 1656, and was appointed public reader in grammar in 1659, bursar in 1659 and 1661, sub-warden in 1660, and librarian in 1662. He was presented in 1663 to the rectory of Winterbourne Faringdon by Sir John Miller, with which he held from 1666, in succession to his father, the rectory of Winterbourne Steepleton
Winterbourne Steepleton
Winterbourne Steepleton is a village in south west Dorset, England, situated in a winterbourne valley five miles west of Dorchester, next to the village of Winterbourne Abbas. The village has a population of 295 , and derives its name from having one of only three stone church steeples in the...
.
On the promotion of Walter Blandford
Walter Blandford
-Life:Blandford was born at Melbury Abbas in Dorset, southern England.A Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford at the time of the Parliamentary Visitation of 1648, he compromised sufficiently to retain his position. Later, he succeeded John Wilkins, being Warden of Wadham College, from 1659 to 1665...
to the See of Oxford, he was elected Warden of Wadham College on 7 December 1665, an office which he held for 25 years until his resignation on 7 October 1689. According to Anthony Wood
Anthony Wood
Anthony Wood or Anthony à Wood was an English antiquary.-Early life:Anthony Wood was the fourth son of Thomas Wood , BCL of Oxford, where Anthony was born...
, he was strongly opposed to the high-handed John Fell
John Fell (clergyman)
John Fell was an English churchman and influential academic. He served as Dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and later concomitantly as Bishop of Oxford.-Education:...
, and refused to serve as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford
University of Oxford
The University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...
during Fell's lifetime. After Fell's death in 1686, he filled the office from 1687 to 1689. When King James II
James II of England
James II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
made his visit to Oxford
Oxford
The city of Oxford is the county town of Oxfordshire, England. The city, made prominent by its medieval university, has a population of just under 165,000, with 153,900 living within the district boundary. It lies about 50 miles north-west of London. The rivers Cherwell and Thames run through...
in September 1687 with the aim of compelling Magdalen College
Magdalen College, Oxford
Magdalen College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. As of 2006 the college had an estimated financial endowment of £153 million. Magdalen is currently top of the Norrington Table after over half of its 2010 finalists received first-class degrees, a record...
to admit his nominee Anthony Farmer
Anthony Farmer
Anthony Farmer was an Englishman nominated by King James II to the office of President of Magdalen College, Oxford in 1687.-Life:Farmer was admitted to St John's College, Cambridge in 1672, and migrated to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1675...
as President, in a discussion with the King, Ironside insisted on the fellows' rights. He declined in November an invitation to dine with the King's special commissioners on the evening after they had expelled the fellows of Magdalen.
After the Glorious Revolution
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, is the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau...
, Ironside was rewarded for his resistance by being appointed bishop of Bristol
Bristol
Bristol is a city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, with an estimated population of 433,100 for the unitary authority in 2009, and a surrounding Larger Urban Zone with an estimated 1,070,000 residents in 2007...
; the diocese was poor, and Ironside was consecrated, 13 October 1689, on the understanding that he should be translated to a more lucrative see when opportunity offered. On the death of Herbert Croft
Herbert Croft (bishop)
-Life:He was son of Sir Herbert Croft, who was the grandson of Sir James Croft. Croft was born 18th May 1603 at Great Milton, Oxfordshire, his mother being then on a journey to London. He married, before April 8, 1645, Anne Browne, the only daughter of the Very Rev. Dr. Jonathan Browne and Anne...
, he was transferred to the see of Hereford in July 1691. Near the turn of the century when he was about sixty years of age, according to Wood, Ironside married a widow of Bristol, née Robinson. He died on 27 August 1701, and was buried in the church of St. Mary Somerset, Thames Street, London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. On the demolition
Demolition
Demolition is the tearing-down of buildings and other structures, the opposite of construction. Demolition contrasts with deconstruction, which involves taking a building apart while carefully preserving valuable elements for re-use....
of that church in 1867, the bishop's remains were transferred to Hereford Cathedral
Hereford Cathedral
The current Hereford Cathedral, located at Hereford in England, dates from 1079. Its most famous treasure is Mappa Mundi, a mediæval map of the world dating from the 13th century. The cathedral is a Grade I listed building.-Origins:...
.
Works
Ironside published, with a short preface, Nicholas RidleyNicholas Ridley (martyr)
Nicholas Ridley was an English Bishop of London. Ridley was burned at the stake, as one of the Oxford Martyrs, during the Marian Persecutions, for his teachings and his support of Lady Jane Grey...
's account of a disputation at Oxford on the sacrament
Sacrament
A sacrament is a sacred rite recognized as of particular importance and significance. There are various views on the existence and meaning of such rites.-General definitions and terms:...
, together with a letter of John Bradford
John Bradford
John Bradford was a prebendary of St. Paul's. He was an English Reformer and martyr best remembered for his utterance "'There, but for the grace of God, goes John Bradford". These words were uttered by Bradford while imprisoned in the Tower of London when he saw a criminal on his way to execution;...
's (Oxford, 1688), and a sermon preached before the king on 23 November 1684 (Oxford, 1685). A portrait is in the hall of Wadham College.