Fyli
Encyclopedia
Fyli is a town and a municipality in the northwestern part of Attica
, Greece
. It lies in the northeastern corner of the West Attica
regional unit, and is a suburb of Athens
. The seat of the municipality is the town Ano Liosia
.
to the south near Aspropyrgos to the southwest. The mountains of Parnitha
lie to the north and northeast, while the plain where Eleusis is founded lies to the south. The railroad line also runs to the north, and is located South of Thiva and Chalkida, West of GR-1
and east Attica, about 20 km North East of Eleusis and East of the Peloponnese
.
The area around Fyli consists of farmlands that were mainly pastures or groves. Suburban housing arrived in the 1980s ; prior to its arrival, its main industry was agriculture
. It is now mainly services and manufacturing, as its workers are employed in the Industrial areas of Eleusis and as far as Athens.
and the exiles from Phyle seized Munychia. Fyli later annexed itself to the Kingdom of Macedonia, the Roman Empire
, the Byzantine Empire
, and later fell to the Franks
as the Duchy of Athens
; the area in the 1450s then immediately fell to the Ottomans
and was not liberated until the Greek War of Independence
of 1821. Its history during that period was rarely known to outsiders.
After World War II
and the Greek Civil War
, buildings were rebuilt, more roads were paved, and suburban houses arrived.
The horrific forest fire (see Summer 2007 Wildfires in Greece) on Thursday, June 28, 2007 ravaged the northern portions of Fyli which are forested. It reached the area during nighttime hours and caused devastation which turned its ground into ashes resembling a horrific winter. It took firefighters, helicopters and airplanes to stop the fires from expanding. Damage is rare and many homes survive ; evacuations were reported. The trauma ended on June 30.
).
Attica
Attica is a historical region of Greece, containing Athens, the current capital of Greece. The historical region is centered on the Attic peninsula, which projects into the Aegean Sea...
, Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
. It lies in the northeastern corner of the West Attica
West Attica
West Attica is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Attica. The capital of the regional unit is the town of Elefsina. The regional unit covers the western part of the agglomeration of Athens, and the area to its west....
regional unit, and is a suburb of Athens
Athens
Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
. The seat of the municipality is the town Ano Liosia
Ano Liosia
Ano Liosia is a suburb and a former municipality in the northern part of the Athens agglomeration, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Fyli, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit....
.
Municipality
The municipality Fyli was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 3 former municipalities, that became municipal units:- Ano LiosiaAno LiosiaAno Liosia is a suburb and a former municipality in the northern part of the Athens agglomeration, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Fyli, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit....
- Fyli
- ZefyriZefyriZefyri is a suburb and former municipality in West Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Fyli, of which it is a municipal unit....
Geography
Fyli is accessed with the Attiki OdosAttiki Odos
Attiki Odos is a privately owned toll motorway in Greece. The Proastiakos high-speed suburban rail is set almost entirely in the median of the motorway, along its main section. The motorway's numbers are 6 for the main section, 64 for the Hymettus Beltway and 65 for the Aigaleo Beltway...
to the south near Aspropyrgos to the southwest. The mountains of Parnitha
Parnitha
Mount Parnitha is a densely forested mountain range north of Athens, the highest on the peninsula of Attica, with an elevation of 1,413 m and a summit known as Karavola...
lie to the north and northeast, while the plain where Eleusis is founded lies to the south. The railroad line also runs to the north, and is located South of Thiva and Chalkida, West of GR-1
Greek National Road 1
The Greek Motorway 1 is a motorway, partly under construction, and the 2nd longest in Greece. It is the principal north-south road connection in Greece, connecting the country's capital Athens with the regions of Thessaly and Macedonia, as well as the country's second largest city,...
and east Attica, about 20 km North East of Eleusis and East of the Peloponnese
Peloponnese
The Peloponnese, Peloponnesos or Peloponnesus , is a large peninsula , located in a region of southern Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Gulf of Corinth...
.
The area around Fyli consists of farmlands that were mainly pastures or groves. Suburban housing arrived in the 1980s ; prior to its arrival, its main industry was agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...
. It is now mainly services and manufacturing, as its workers are employed in the Industrial areas of Eleusis and as far as Athens.
Population
| Year | Town population | Municipality population |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 2,135 | - |
| 1991 | 2,917 | 2,925 |
| 2001 | 2,891 | 2,947 |
History
In 404 BC ThrasybulusThrasybulus
Thrasybulus was an Athenian general and democratic leader. In 411 BC, in the wake of an oligarchic coup at Athens, the pro-democracy sailors at Samos elected him as a general, making him a primary leader of the successful democratic resistance to that coup...
and the exiles from Phyle seized Munychia. Fyli later annexed itself to the Kingdom of Macedonia, the Roman Empire
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
, the Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State...
, and later fell to the Franks
Frankish Empire
Francia or Frankia, later also called the Frankish Empire , Frankish Kingdom , Frankish Realm or occasionally Frankland, was the territory inhabited and ruled by the Franks from the 3rd to the 10th century...
as the Duchy of Athens
Duchy of Athens
The Duchy of Athens was one of the Crusader States set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade, encompassing the regions of Attica and Boeotia, and surviving until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century....
; the area in the 1450s then immediately fell to the Ottomans
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
and was not liberated until the Greek War of Independence
Greek War of Independence
The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution was a successful war of independence waged by the Greek revolutionaries between...
of 1821. Its history during that period was rarely known to outsiders.
After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
and the Greek Civil War
Greek Civil War
The Greek Civil War was fought from 1946 to 1949 between the Greek governmental army, backed by the United Kingdom and United States, and the Democratic Army of Greece , the military branch of the Greek Communist Party , backed by Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Albania...
, buildings were rebuilt, more roads were paved, and suburban houses arrived.
The horrific forest fire (see Summer 2007 Wildfires in Greece) on Thursday, June 28, 2007 ravaged the northern portions of Fyli which are forested. It reached the area during nighttime hours and caused devastation which turned its ground into ashes resembling a horrific winter. It took firefighters, helicopters and airplanes to stop the fires from expanding. Damage is rare and many homes survive ; evacuations were reported. The trauma ended on June 30.
Agriculture
Its main production are olives, citrus, fruits, vegetables and other crops, several common crops are rarely common, several crops were sold to housing.Other
Fyli has schools, a few lyceums, a gymnasium, banks, a post office and a few squares (plateiesPlateia
Plateia or platia is the Greek word for town square. Most Greek and Cypriot cities have several town squares which are a point of reference in travelling and guiding...
).