Friedrich Ludwig Georg von Raumer
Encyclopedia
Friedrich Ludwig Georg von Raumer (May 14, 1781 - June 14, 1873) was a German
historian
. He was the first scientific historian to popularize history in German. He traveled extensively and served in German legislative bodies.
in Anhalt-Dessau
. His father (who died in 1822), was Kaminerdirektor in Anhalt and did great service to agriculture. After studying at the Joachimsthal Gymnasium, Berlin, and at the universities of Halle and Göttingen, Raumer began to practise law. He entered the Prussia
n civil service in 1801 as a civil magistrate, and rose in the service to become councillor to Chancellor Hardenberg
in 1809.
He was made a professor at the University of Breslau in 1811, where he served until 1816. In 1819, he became professor of political science and history at the University of Berlin holding the chair until 1847, and giving occasional lectures until 1853. He was for some time secretary of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. That position he also resigned in 1847.
At different times between 1816 and 1855, he traveled extensively through Europe
and the United States
. In 1815, he carried on historical investigations in Venice
, and in the two following years he travelled in Germany, Switzerland
and Italy
. He went to England
in 1835, to Italy
in 1839 and to the United States in 1841-1843. He revisited the United States 1853-55. These visits led to the publication of various works.
In 1848 he was elected a member of the Frankfurt Parliament
, where he associated himself with the right centre, supporting the proposal for a German empire under the supremacy of Prussia
. He was sent to Paris
as ambassador by imperial regent Archduke John of Austria, and was one of the deputation which offered the imperial crown to Frederick William IV
. After the breakdown of the German parliament, Raumer returned to Berlin, where he was made a member of the first chamber of the Prussian parliament.
He died at Berlin in 1873.
Other works include:
In 1830, Raumer began the Historisches Taschenbuch published by F. A. Brockhaus, which was continued by Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl
after 1871.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
historian
Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
. He was the first scientific historian to popularize history in German. He traveled extensively and served in German legislative bodies.
Biography
He was born at WörlitzWörlitz
' is a town and a former municipality in the district of Wittenberg, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2011, it is part of the town Oranienbaum-Wörlitz. It is situated on the left bank of the Elbe, east of Dessau...
in Anhalt-Dessau
Anhalt-Dessau
Anhalt-Dessau was a principality and later a duchy located in Germany. It was created in 1396 following the partition of the Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst. The capital of the state was Dessau. Anhalt-Dessau experienced a number of partitions throughout its existence with Anhalt-Köthen being...
. His father (who died in 1822), was Kaminerdirektor in Anhalt and did great service to agriculture. After studying at the Joachimsthal Gymnasium, Berlin, and at the universities of Halle and Göttingen, Raumer began to practise law. He entered the Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
n civil service in 1801 as a civil magistrate, and rose in the service to become councillor to Chancellor Hardenberg
Karl August von Hardenberg
Karl August Fürst von Hardenberg was a Prussian statesman and Prime Minister of Prussia. While during his late career he acquiesced to reactionary policies, earlier in his career he implemented a variety of Liberal reforms...
in 1809.
He was made a professor at the University of Breslau in 1811, where he served until 1816. In 1819, he became professor of political science and history at the University of Berlin holding the chair until 1847, and giving occasional lectures until 1853. He was for some time secretary of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. That position he also resigned in 1847.
At different times between 1816 and 1855, he traveled extensively through Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
and the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. In 1815, he carried on historical investigations in Venice
Venice
Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
, and in the two following years he travelled in Germany, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
and Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
. He went to England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
in 1835, to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
in 1839 and to the United States in 1841-1843. He revisited the United States 1853-55. These visits led to the publication of various works.
In 1848 he was elected a member of the Frankfurt Parliament
Frankfurt Parliament
The Frankfurt Assembly was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany. Session was held from May 18, 1848 to May 31, 1849 in the Paulskirche at Frankfurt am Main...
, where he associated himself with the right centre, supporting the proposal for a German empire under the supremacy of Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
. He was sent to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
as ambassador by imperial regent Archduke John of Austria, and was one of the deputation which offered the imperial crown to Frederick William IV
Frederick William IV of Prussia
|align=right|Upon his accession, he toned down the reactionary policies enacted by his father, easing press censorship and promising to enact a constitution at some point, but he refused to enact a popular legislative assembly, preferring to work with the aristocracy through "united committees" of...
. After the breakdown of the German parliament, Raumer returned to Berlin, where he was made a member of the first chamber of the Prussian parliament.
He died at Berlin in 1873.
Writings
His most famous works are Geschichte der Hohenstaufen und ihrer Zeit (1823–25) and Geschichte Europas seit dem Ende des 15ten Jahrhunderts (1832–50). His first work, published anonymously in 1806, was entitled .Other works include:
- Das britische Besteuerungssystem (1810)
- Handbuch merkwürdiger Stellen aus den lateinischen Geschichtschreibern des Mittelalters (1813)
- Herbstreise nach Venedig (1816)
- Prussian Municipal Law (1828)
- Briefe aus Paris und Frankreich im Jahre 1830 (1831)
- Briefe aus Paris zur Erläuterung der Geschichte des 16ten und 17ten Jahrhunderts (1831)
- Ueber die geschichtlich Entwickelung der Begriffe von Recht, Staat und Politik (1832)
- England in 1835 (1836)
- Beiträge zur neuern Geschichte aus dem Britischen Museum und Reichsarchive (Contributions to more recent history from the British Museum and government archives, 1836–39)
- Italien, Beiträge zur Kenntnis dieses Landes (Contributions to the understanding of Italy, 1840)
- England in 1841 (1842)
- Die Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika (The United States of North America, 1845)
- Antiquarische Briefe (Letters on antiquity, 1851)
- Historisch-politische Briefe über die geselligen Verhältnisse der Menschen (Historical-political letters on societal relationships, 1860)
- Lebenserinnerungen und Briefwechsel (Reminiscences and correspondence, 1861)
- Handbuch zur Geschichte der Literatur (Handbook of literary history, 1864–66)
In 1830, Raumer began the Historisches Taschenbuch published by F. A. Brockhaus, which was continued by Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl
Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl
Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl was a German journalist, novelist and folklorist.Riehl was born in Biebrich in the Duchy of Nassau and died in Munich....
after 1871.