Friedrich II Eugen, Duke of Württemberg
Encyclopedia
Friedrich Eugen of Württemberg (21 January 1732, Stuttgart
– 23 December 1797, Hohenheim
), the fourth son of Duke Karl Alexander
and Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis
(11 August 1706 - 1 February 1756).
in 1795 until his own death two years later. After serving with Frederick the Great
during the Seven Years' War
, he lived at and managed his family's exclave of Montbeliard
, originally inherited by marriage in 1397, until it was taken over by the short-lived Rauracian Republic
in 1792 and then annexed by the French Republic
in 1793.
, a niece of Frederick the Great, by whom he had twelve children :
and become Empress Marie Feodorovna. The Empress was mother to (among others) Emperors Alexander I
and Nicholas I
of Russia as well as Queen Anna Paulowna of the Netherlands
(from whom the current Dutch royal family
is descended) and Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
, great-grandmother of German Emperor William II
.
Through his second son Louis
he is also great-great-great-great-grandfather of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
and Juan Carlos I of Spain
. Through his eldest son he is an ancestor of Boris Johnson
, elected Mayor of London
in 2008.
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
– 23 December 1797, Hohenheim
Hohenheim
Stuttgart-Hohenheim is a quarter of Plieningen, one of the 18 outer districts of Stuttgart, the state capital of Baden-Württemberg, Germany...
), the fourth son of Duke Karl Alexander
Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg
Charles Alexander of Württemberg was a Württemberg noble from 1698 who governed the Kingdom of Serbia as regent from 1720 until 1733, when he assumed the position of Duke of Württemberg, which he had held until his death....
and Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis
Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis
Princess Maria Augusta Anna of Thurn and Taxis was a Regent of Württemberg. She was a member of the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis as a daughter of Anselm Franz, 2nd Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Maria Ludovika Anna Franziska, Princess of Lobkowicz...
(11 August 1706 - 1 February 1756).
Royal duke
He served as Duke of Württemberg from the death of his older brother Ludwig EugenLudwig Eugen, Duke of Württemberg
Ludwig Eugen, Duke of Württemberg , was the third son of Duke Karl Alexander and Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis - 1 February 1756).-Marriage:...
in 1795 until his own death two years later. After serving with Frederick the Great
Frederick II of Prussia
Frederick II was a King in Prussia and a King of Prussia from the Hohenzollern dynasty. In his role as a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, he was also Elector of Brandenburg. He was in personal union the sovereign prince of the Principality of Neuchâtel...
during the Seven Years' War
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War was a global military war between 1756 and 1763, involving most of the great powers of the time and affecting Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines...
, he lived at and managed his family's exclave of Montbeliard
Montbéliard
Montbéliard is a city in the Doubs department in the Franche-Comté region in eastern France. It is one of the two subprefectures of the department.-History:...
, originally inherited by marriage in 1397, until it was taken over by the short-lived Rauracian Republic
Rauracian Republic
The Rauracian Republic was a state that included parts of modern France and Switzerland around the Jura mountains. It was created from the northern portion of the Prince-Bishopric of Basel, which was part of the Holy Roman Empire....
in 1792 and then annexed by the French Republic
French First Republic
The French First Republic was founded on 22 September 1792, by the newly established National Convention. The First Republic lasted until the declaration of the First French Empire in 1804 under Napoleon I...
in 1793.
Marriage and children
He married Friederike Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg-SchwedtFriederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt was Duchess of Württemberg and ancestor to many European royals of the 19th and 20th century.- Biography :...
, a niece of Frederick the Great, by whom he had twelve children :
- Frederick IFrederick I of WürttembergFrederick I William Charles of Württemberg was the first King of Württemberg. He was known for his size: at and about , he was in contrast to Napoleon, who recognized him as King of Württemberg.-Biography:...
(6 November 1754 – 30 October 1816), his successor, who would later become the first King of Württemberg; he was married to a niece, and then a daughter, of George III of EnglandGeorge III of the United KingdomGeorge III was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death...
; - Louis Frederick AlexanderDuke Louis of WürttembergDuke Louis of Württemberg was the second son of Friedrich II Eugen, Duke of Württemberg and Margravine Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt...
(30 August 1756 – 20 September 1817); - Eugene Frederick Henry (1758 – 20 June 1822);
- Sophie Marie Dorothea (25 October 1759 – 5 November 1828), married to Paul I, Emperor of RussiaPaul I of RussiaPaul I was the Emperor of Russia between 1796 and 1801. He also was the 72nd Prince and Grand Master of the Order of Malta .-Childhood:...
; - William Frederick PhilipDuke William Frederick Philip of WürttembergWilliam Frederick Philip, Duke of Württemberg was a prince of the House of Württemberg and a minister for war.-Early life:...
(27 December 1761 – 10 August 1830); father of Wilhelm, 1st Duke of UrachWilhelm, 1st Duke of UrachCount Friedrich Wilhelm Alexander Ferdinand of Württemberg, 1st Duke of Urach , was the son of Duke Wilhelm of Württemberg , younger brother of King Frederick I of Württemberg, by his morganatic wife, Baroness Wilhelmine von Tunderfeldt-Rhodis , who had married in 1800... - Ferdinand Augustus Frederick (22 October 1763 – 20 January 1834), married Princess Kunigunde von Metternich, sister of Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich;
- Friederike Elisabeth AmalieDuchess Frederica of WürttembergDuchess Frederica Elisabeth Amalie Auguste of Württemberg was a daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt.-Family:...
(27 July 1765 – 24 November 1785), married to Peter, Duke of OldenburgPeter, Duke of OldenburgPeter I or Peter Frederick Louis of Holstein-Gottorp was the Regent of the Duchy of Oldenburg for his incapacitated cousin Peter Frederick William from 1785 to 1823, and then served himself as Duke from 1823-1829...
; - Elisabeth Wilhelmine LuiseDuchess Elisabeth of WürttembergElisabeth of Württemberg was by birth a Duchess of Württemberg and by marriage an Archduchess of Austria.-Family:...
(21 April 1767 – 18 February 1790), married to Francis I, Emperor of AustriaFrancis II, Holy Roman EmperorFrancis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Empire after the disastrous defeat of the Third Coalition by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz...
; - Friederike Wilhelmine Katharina (born and died 1768);
- Charles Frederick Henry (3 May 1770 – 22 August 1791);
- Alexander Frederick Charles (24 April 1771 – 4 July 1833), the founder of the fifth branch of Württemberg, from which today's head of the House, Duke Carl Maria of WürttembergCarl, Duke of WürttembergCarl, Duke of Württemberg is the current Head of the House of Württemberg.-Heir to House of Württemberg:...
, belongs; - Charles Henry (3 July 1772 – 28 July 1833);
Notable descendants
His daughter Sophie Dorothea married Emperor Paul I of RussiaPaul I of Russia
Paul I was the Emperor of Russia between 1796 and 1801. He also was the 72nd Prince and Grand Master of the Order of Malta .-Childhood:...
and become Empress Marie Feodorovna. The Empress was mother to (among others) Emperors Alexander I
Alexander I of Russia
Alexander I of Russia , served as Emperor of Russia from 23 March 1801 to 1 December 1825 and the first Russian King of Poland from 1815 to 1825. He was also the first Russian Grand Duke of Finland and Lithuania....
and Nicholas I
Nicholas I of Russia
Nicholas I , was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855, known as one of the most reactionary of the Russian monarchs. On the eve of his death, the Russian Empire reached its historical zenith spanning over 20 million square kilometers...
of Russia as well as Queen Anna Paulowna of the Netherlands
Anna Pavlovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia was a queen consort of the Netherlands.-Background:She was born as the eighth child and sixth daughter of Paul I of Russia and Empress Maria Feodorovna , and thus was Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia...
(from whom the current Dutch royal family
Monarchy of the Netherlands
The Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since.-Constitutional role and position of the monarch:...
is descended) and Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Maria Pavlovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia was the third daughter of Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. She was the Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach by her marriage to Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.-Life:...
, great-grandmother of German Emperor William II
William II, German Emperor
Wilhelm II was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. He was a grandson of the British Queen Victoria and related to many monarchs and princes of Europe...
.
Through his second son Louis
Duke Louis of Württemberg
Duke Louis of Württemberg was the second son of Friedrich II Eugen, Duke of Württemberg and Margravine Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt...
he is also great-great-great-great-grandfather of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
and Juan Carlos I of Spain
Juan Carlos I of Spain
Juan Carlos I |Italy]]) is the reigning King of Spain.On 22 November 1975, two days after the death of General Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was designated king according to the law of succession promulgated by Franco. Spain had no monarch for 38 years in 1969 when Franco named Juan Carlos as the...
. Through his eldest son he is an ancestor of Boris Johnson
Boris Johnson
Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson is a British journalist and Conservative Party politician, who has been the elected Mayor of London since 2008...
, elected Mayor of London
Mayor of London
The Mayor of London is an elected politician who, along with the London Assembly of 25 members, is accountable for the strategic government of Greater London. Conservative Boris Johnson has held the position since 4 May 2008...
in 2008.