František Lipka
Encyclopedia
František Lipka is a Slovak diplomat, poet and translator, who contributed to the process of the creation of independent Montenegro
.
, Serbian language
and Croat language language at the School of Philosophy of the Comenius University in Bratislava
(1969). He worked as an external editor of the World Literature Revue magazine, cooperated with magazines "Smena na nedeľu" (Sunday Smena), "Mladá tvorba" (Young Creation), "Slovenské pohľady" (Slovak Views), Romboid; he alternated between posts as a lecturer of the Slovak language and literature at the University of Novi Sad
School of Philosophy and at the Comenius University in Bratislava
, lecturing on the history of Serbian and Croatian literature. He is also active as a sommelier
and since 1994 Lipka has been serving as the President of the International Jury for the Bestowment of the International Vine and Wine Organization awards(Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin), headquartered in Paris
.
is characterized by a rational attitude, striving to penetrate national and humankind's universal history, bringing back motives from ancient history with the objective of understanding the presence of humankind it its contemporary social, cultural and ecological environment. His statements often carry a super-personal aspect, creates an impression of an intellectual and analytical cognition of reality.
, Croatian
, Slovenian
and Macedonian
literature. He has published an anthology
of poetry works of Bosnia and Herzegovina
, redacted an anthology of Serbian poetry
of the 20th century, an anthology of contemporary Macedonian poetry
, and prepared an anthology of poetry by contemporary Slovak poets living in the territory of the former Yugoslavia
. He published a book for children, "Farebné rozprávky" (Colorful Tales).
Children's books
Anthologies
Wine
in France
, Belgium
and Luxembourg
. In 2006 Lipka became the Referendum Commission President (Chairman of the Electoral Commission) for the upcoming Montenegrin Independence Referendum
and was in charge of supervision over the course of the referendum, its results and a safeguard of the adherence to correct and valid election processes. On Monday, 22 May 2006 he announced that the preliminary results of the referendum were 55.4% in favor of independence, thus meeting the previously set independence requirement in the form of a supermajority
threshold of 55% in favor.
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
.
Life
Lipka studied SlovakSlovak language
Slovak , is an Indo-European language that belongs to the West Slavic languages .Slovak is the official language of Slovakia, where it is spoken by 5 million people...
, Serbian language
Serbian language
Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....
and Croat language language at the School of Philosophy of the Comenius University in Bratislava
Bratislava
Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and, with a population of about 431,000, also the country's largest city. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia on both banks of the Danube River. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two independent countries.Bratislava...
(1969). He worked as an external editor of the World Literature Revue magazine, cooperated with magazines "Smena na nedeľu" (Sunday Smena), "Mladá tvorba" (Young Creation), "Slovenské pohľady" (Slovak Views), Romboid; he alternated between posts as a lecturer of the Slovak language and literature at the University of Novi Sad
University of Novi Sad
The University of Novi Sad is a university located in Novi Sad, the capital of Serbian province of Vojvodina and the second largest city in Serbia....
School of Philosophy and at the Comenius University in Bratislava
Bratislava
Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and, with a population of about 431,000, also the country's largest city. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia on both banks of the Danube River. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two independent countries.Bratislava...
, lecturing on the history of Serbian and Croatian literature. He is also active as a sommelier
Sommelier
A sommelier , or wine steward, is a trained and knowledgeable wine professional, commonly working in fine restaurants, who specializes in all aspects of wine service as well as wine and food matching...
and since 1994 Lipka has been serving as the President of the International Jury for the Bestowment of the International Vine and Wine Organization awards(Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin), headquartered in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
Poetry
He began working with poetry during his university studies, with a debut of sensitive and reflexive lyric poetry "Štvanica" (Hunt). His poetryPoetry
Poetry is a form of literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning...
is characterized by a rational attitude, striving to penetrate national and humankind's universal history, bringing back motives from ancient history with the objective of understanding the presence of humankind it its contemporary social, cultural and ecological environment. His statements often carry a super-personal aspect, creates an impression of an intellectual and analytical cognition of reality.
Translations
František Lipka is also an important translator of SerbianSerbian literature
Serbian literature refers to literature written in Serbian and/or in Serbia.The history of Serbian literature begins with theological works from the 10th- and 11th centuries, developing in the 13th century by Saint Sava and his disciples...
, Croatian
Croatian literature
Croatian literature is a definition given to the compilation of novels, dramas, short stories, poems and other various work of written kind entirely attributed to the medieval and modern culture of the Croats and the Croatian language....
, Slovenian
Slovenian literature
Slovene literature, meaning the literature in the Slovene language, starts with Freising manuscripts around 1000. From first printed Slovene religious books in 1550 it is followed by these literary periods and notable authors:-Middle Ages:-Folk poetry:...
and Macedonian
Macedonian language
Macedonian is a South Slavic language spoken as a first language by approximately 2–3 million people principally in the region of Macedonia but also in the Macedonian diaspora...
literature. He has published an anthology
Anthology
An anthology is a collection of literary works chosen by the compiler. It may be a collection of poems, short stories, plays, songs, or excerpts...
of poetry works of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
, redacted an anthology of Serbian poetry
Serbian literature
Serbian literature refers to literature written in Serbian and/or in Serbia.The history of Serbian literature begins with theological works from the 10th- and 11th centuries, developing in the 13th century by Saint Sava and his disciples...
of the 20th century, an anthology of contemporary Macedonian poetry
Macedonian language
Macedonian is a South Slavic language spoken as a first language by approximately 2–3 million people principally in the region of Macedonia but also in the Macedonian diaspora...
, and prepared an anthology of poetry by contemporary Slovak poets living in the territory of the former Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
. He published a book for children, "Farebné rozprávky" (Colorful Tales).
Works
Poetry- Štvanica (Hunt) (1970)
- Jazero (The Lake) (1976)
- Zem na jazyku (Earth on the Tongue) (1978)
- Orfeus na bicykli (Cycling Orpheus) (1980)
- Argonauti (Argonauts) (1981)
- Útek z obrazu (Fleeing the Picture) (1984)
- Rozprava o metóde (Discourse on the Method) (1989)
Children's books
- Farebné rozprávky (Colorful Tales) (1969)
Anthologies
- Sarajevská jar (Spring in Sarajevo) (1970, anthology of poetry from Bosnia and Herzegovina)
- Zápisy v striebre mora (Written in the Silver Sea) (1988, anthology of the 20th century Serbian poetry)
- Nepokoj v krajine (Unrest in the Country) (1990, anthology of contemporary Macedonian poetry)
- Súčasne (Contemporary) (1990, anthology of poetry by contemporary Slovak poets living in the territory of the former Yugoslavia)
Wine
- Praktický sprievodca slovenskými vínami (Practical Guide of Slovak Wines) (2006)
Diplomatic career
Since the end of the 1980s, he has been active in diplomacy. He served as an ambassador of SlovakiaSlovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
and Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
. In 2006 Lipka became the Referendum Commission President (Chairman of the Electoral Commission) for the upcoming Montenegrin Independence Referendum
Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006
The Montenegrin independence referendum was a referendum on the independence of the Republic of Montenegro from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro that was held on 21 May 2006.The total turnout of the referendum was 86.5%...
and was in charge of supervision over the course of the referendum, its results and a safeguard of the adherence to correct and valid election processes. On Monday, 22 May 2006 he announced that the preliminary results of the referendum were 55.4% in favor of independence, thus meeting the previously set independence requirement in the form of a supermajority
Supermajority
A supermajority or a qualified majority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level or type of support which exceeds a simple majority . In some jurisdictions, for example, parliamentary procedure requires that any action that may alter the rights of the minority has a supermajority...
threshold of 55% in favor.