Flieden
Encyclopedia
Flieden is a municipality in the district of Fulda
, in Hesse
, Germany
.
Traditionally called a “Königreich” (Kingdom), it may show a crown in its coat of arms.
and the Rhön. It is an area of low hills with the highest elevations being Knöschen near Buchenrod (509 m) and the Storker Küppel near Oberstork (470 m).
At the very center of Flieden the creeks Magdloser Wasser und Kautzer Wasser merge into the Fliede River which later flows into the Fulda River
.
In the north Flieden borders Neuhof
and in the east Kalbach
both in the district of Fulda. In the south and west Flieden borders Schlüchtern
and Steinau an der Straße
(Main-Kinzig-Kreis
).
Besides the main locality, Flieden consists of the districts Berishof, Buchenrod, Döngesmühle, Federwisch, Fuldaische Höfe, Höf und Haid, Katzenberg, Kautz, Kellerei, Keutzelbuch, Langenau, Laugendorf, Leimenhof, Magdlos, Rückers
, Schweben, Stork (Ober- and Unterstork), Storker Hof, Struth and Weinberg.
In the middleages Flieden was located at the Via Regia
from Frankfurt am Main to Leipzig
which was a very important country and military road in the Holy Roman Empire
.
In 1867 Flieden became a station on the Kinzig Valley Railway
. The mountains between Flieden and Schlüchtern initially led to the decision to build a zig zag
line in order to avoid building an almost 4 km long tunnel. This required all through trains to reverse at Elm, which led to increasing congestion as traffic increased with the connection of the Flieden–Gemünden railway to the line at Elm in 1873. Tunnel-building technology had improved significantly by the beginning of the 20th Century, notably with the increased availability of dynamite
. Thus in 1909 construction of the Schlüchtern tunnel began under Distelrasen; it was completed on 14 February 1914 and put into operation on 1 May. In 2009 a second tube was opened and the old tunnel is now being rebuilt as a single-track tunnel.
At the end of World War II
about 1000 displaced persons from the former eastern territories of Germany settled in Flieden.
Fulda (district)
Fulda is a Kreis in the north-east of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Hersfeld-Rotenburg, Wartburgkreis, Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Rhön-Grabfeld, Bad Kissingen, Main-Kinzig, Vogelsbergkreis.-History:...
, in Hesse
Hesse
Hesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
.
Traditionally called a “Königreich” (Kingdom), it may show a crown in its coat of arms.
Geography
Flieden is located in a valley north west of the Landrücken between the VogelsbergVogelsberg
Vogelsberg is a municipality in the Sömmerda district of Thuringia, Germany....
and the Rhön. It is an area of low hills with the highest elevations being Knöschen near Buchenrod (509 m) and the Storker Küppel near Oberstork (470 m).
At the very center of Flieden the creeks Magdloser Wasser und Kautzer Wasser merge into the Fliede River which later flows into the Fulda River
Fulda River
The Fulda is a river in Hesse, Germany. It is one of two headstreams of the Weser . The Fulda is 218 km in length....
.
In the north Flieden borders Neuhof
Neuhof, Hesse
Neuhof is a municipality in the district of Fulda, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated 15 km southwest of Fulda....
and in the east Kalbach
Kalbach
Kalbach is a municipality in the district of Fulda, in Hesse, Germany. Kalbach is about 20 km south of the city of Fulda and 90 km east-northeast of Frankfurt. Kalbach encompasses the communities of Eichenried, Heubach, Mittelkalbach, Niederkalbach, Oberkalbach, Uttrichshausen and...
both in the district of Fulda. In the south and west Flieden borders Schlüchtern
Schlüchtern
Schlüchtern is a town in the Main-Kinzig district, in Hessen, Germany. It is located on the river Kinzig at the southwest of a hill called Landrücken, approx. 30 km southwest of Fulda.-History:...
and Steinau an der Straße
Steinau an der Straße
Steinau an der Straße is a town in the Main-Kinzig district, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated on the river Kinzig, 32 km southwest of Fulda.-History:...
(Main-Kinzig-Kreis
Main-Kinzig-Kreis
Main-Kinzig is a Kreis in the east of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Wetteraukreis, Vogelsbergkreis, Fulda, Bad Kissingen, Main-Spessart, Aschaffenburg, Offenbach and the district-free cities of Offenbach and Frankfurt.-History:...
).
Besides the main locality, Flieden consists of the districts Berishof, Buchenrod, Döngesmühle, Federwisch, Fuldaische Höfe, Höf und Haid, Katzenberg, Kautz, Kellerei, Keutzelbuch, Langenau, Laugendorf, Leimenhof, Magdlos, Rückers
Rückers
Rückers is a village in the municipality of Flieden, in the district of Fulda, in Hesse, Germany.- Geography :Rückers is situated in the south of the district of Fulda, approx...
, Schweben, Stork (Ober- and Unterstork), Storker Hof, Struth and Weinberg.
History
In 806 Flieden was first mentioned as “Mark Flieden” in a deed of donation to the monastery of Fulda.In the middleages Flieden was located at the Via Regia
Via Regia
Via Regia, i.e. "Royal Highway", denotes a mediæval historic road. The term, in the usual sense, means not just a specific road, rather a type of road. It was legally associated with the king and remained under his special protection and guarantee of public peace.There were many such roads in the...
from Frankfurt am Main to Leipzig
Leipzig
Leipzig Leipzig has always been a trade city, situated during the time of the Holy Roman Empire at the intersection of the Via Regia and Via Imperii, two important trade routes. At one time, Leipzig was one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing...
which was a very important country and military road in the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
.
In 1867 Flieden became a station on the Kinzig Valley Railway
Kinzig Valley Railway (Hesse)
The Frankfurt–Bebra Railway runs from Bebra to Frankfurt am Main via Fulda, Gelnhausen, Hanau and Offenbach am Main in south central Germany. The southern section between Fulda and Frankfurt is known as the Kinzig Valley Railway due to the route it follows through the Kinzig Valley.This important...
. The mountains between Flieden and Schlüchtern initially led to the decision to build a zig zag
Zig Zag (railway)
A railway zig zag, also called a switchback, is a way of climbing hills in difficult country with a minimal need for tunnels and heavy earthworks. For a short distance , the direction of travel is reversed, before the original direction is resumed.A location on railways constructed e.g...
line in order to avoid building an almost 4 km long tunnel. This required all through trains to reverse at Elm, which led to increasing congestion as traffic increased with the connection of the Flieden–Gemünden railway to the line at Elm in 1873. Tunnel-building technology had improved significantly by the beginning of the 20th Century, notably with the increased availability of dynamite
Dynamite
Dynamite is an explosive material based on nitroglycerin, initially using diatomaceous earth , or another absorbent substance such as powdered shells, clay, sawdust, or wood pulp. Dynamites using organic materials such as sawdust are less stable and such use has been generally discontinued...
. Thus in 1909 construction of the Schlüchtern tunnel began under Distelrasen; it was completed on 14 February 1914 and put into operation on 1 May. In 2009 a second tube was opened and the old tunnel is now being rebuilt as a single-track tunnel.
At the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
about 1000 displaced persons from the former eastern territories of Germany settled in Flieden.
Statistics
| Jahr | Einwohner | Anmerkungen |
|---|---|---|
| 1000 | 14 Liden and 23 Dreitagsfröner | |
| 1512 | 3 settlers | |
| 1516 | 93 neighbours | |
| 1708 | 596 | |
| 1791 | 2943 | approx. later large-scale community |
| 1983 | 7846 | from now on a large-scale community |
| 2004 | 8811 | |
| 2005 | 8840 | |
| 2006 | 8755 |
External links
- Map of Flieden (German)