Eve Arnold
Encyclopedia
Eve Arnold, FRPS is an American photojournalist. She joined Magnum Photos
Magnum Photos
Magnum Photos is an international photographic cooperative owned by its photographer-members, with offices located in New York, Paris, London and Tokyo...

 agency in 1951, and became a full member in 1957.

Arnold was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...

, to immigrant Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

n-Jewish parents, William (born Velvel Sklarski) and Bessie Cohen (born Bosya Laschiner). Her interest in becoming a photographer began in 1946, when she worked for a photo-finishing plant in New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...

. She briefly learned photographic skills in 1948 from Harper's Bazaar art director Alexei Brodovitch at the New School for Social Research in Manhattan. She may be best known for her images of actress Marilyn Monroe
Marilyn Monroe
Marilyn Monroe was an American actress, singer, model and showgirl who became a major sex symbol, starring in a number of commercially successful motion pictures during the 1950s....

 on the set of Monroe's last (1961) film, The Misfits, but she took many photos of Monroe from 1951 onwards. An exhibition of her previously unseen photos of Monroe was displayed at the Halcyon Gallery in London in May 2005.
Arnold photographed Queen Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...

, Malcolm X
Malcolm X
Malcolm X , born Malcolm Little and also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz , was an African American Muslim minister and human rights activist. To his admirers he was a courageous advocate for the rights of African Americans, a man who indicted white America in the harshest terms for its...

, and Joan Crawford
Joan Crawford
Joan Crawford , born Lucille Fay LeSueur, was an American actress in film, television and theatre....

, and also traveled around the world, photographing in China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

, South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...

 and Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...

.

In 1980, she had her first solo exhibition, which featured her photographic work done in China at the Brooklyn Museum
Brooklyn Museum
The Brooklyn Museum is an encyclopedia art museum located in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. At 560,000 square feet, the museum holds New York City's second largest art collection with roughly 1.5 million works....

 in New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...

. In the same year, she received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Magazine Photographers. In 1995, she was made a fellow of the Royal Photographic Society
Royal Photographic Society
The Royal Photographic Society is the world's oldest national photographic society. It was founded in London, United Kingdom in 1853 as The Photographic Society of London with the objective of promoting the Art and Science of Photography...

, and elected Master Photographer by New York's International Center of Photography. She did a series of portraits of American Presidents' wives.

Move to the U.K.

Arnold left the United States in the early 1960s with her son, Francis, moving to England, which eventually became her adopted home. In England, while working for the UK Sunday Times, she began to seriously use colour as a medium for photography
Photography
Photography is the art, science and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film...

. In her adopted homeland, she was later appointed a member of the Advisory Committee of the National Media Museum formerly the Museum of Photography, Film & Television in Bradford in 1997.

A resident in a London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

 nursing home, when Arnold was asked by actress Angelica Houston in an interview described in a retrospective book of Arnold's work, Eve Arnold's People (2009), if she was doing photography anymore, Arnold replied: "That's over. I can't hold a camera anymore."

She added that she spends most of her time reading such writers as Dostoevsky, Thomas Mann
Thomas Mann
Thomas Mann was a German novelist, short story writer, social critic, philanthropist, essayist, and 1929 Nobel Prize laureate, known for his series of highly symbolic and ironic epic novels and novellas, noted for their insight into the psychology of the artist and the intellectual...

 and Tolstoy
Tolstoy
Tolstoy, or Tolstoi is a prominent family of Russian nobility, descending from Andrey Kharitonovich Tolstoy who served under Vasily II of Moscow...

.

Famous Photographs
  • Marilyn Monroe, 1960.
  • Horse Training for the Militia in Inner Mongolia, 1979.
  • Jacqueline Kennedy arranging flowers with daughter Caroline, 1961.


Books by Eve Arnold
  • The Unretouched Woman, 1976.
  • Flashback: The 50's, 1978.
  • In China, 1980.
  • In America, 1983.
  • Marilyn for Ever, 1987.
  • Marilyn Monroe: An Appreciation, 1987.
  • All in a Day's Work, 1989.
  • The Great British, 1991.
  • In Retrospect, 1995.
  • Film Journal, 2002.
  • Handbook, 2004
  • Marilyn Monroe 2005
  • Eve Arnold's People 2009

Awards

  • Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science, University of St. Andrews, Scotland
    Scotland
    Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...

    , 1997.
  • Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters, Staffordshire University
    Staffordshire University
    Staffordshire University is a university with its main campus based in the city of Stoke-on-Trent, and with other campuses in Stafford, Lichfield and Shrewsbury.- History :...

    .
  • Doctor of Humanities, Richmond, the American International University in London
    London
    London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

    .
  • Master Photographer, International Center of Photography, NYC.
  • Honorary OBE
    Order of the British Empire
    The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is an order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by George V of the United Kingdom. The Order comprises five classes in civil and military divisions...

     by the British Government.
  • Lifetime Achievement Award, the Sony World Photography Awards, 2010.

External links

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