Ertugrul
Encyclopedia
Ertuğrul (1191 / 1198, Ahlat
– 1281, Söğüt
) was the father of Osman I
, the founder of the Ottoman Empire
. He was the leader of the Kayı clan of the Oghuz Turks. When arriving in Anatolia
from Merv
(Turkmenistan) with his 400 horsemen to aid the Seljuks of Rum against the Byzantines
, Ertuğrul set off the chain of events that would ultimately lead to the founding of the Ottoman Empire. Like his son, Osman
, and his future descendants, Ertuğrul is often referred to as a Ghazi, a heroic champion fighter for the cause of Islam
.
as a result of his assistance to the Seljuks against the Byzantines. Ertuğrul received lands of Karaca Dağ
, a mountainous area near Angora (now Ankara
), by Ala ad-Din Kay Qubadh I, the Seljuk Sultan
of Rum. One account indicates that the Seljuk leader's rationale for granting Ertuğrul land was for Ertuğrul to repel any hostile incursion from the Byzantines or other adversary. Later, he received the village of Söğüt
which he conquered in 1231 together with the surrounding lands. That village became the Ottoman capital in 1299 under Osman I
, Ertuğrul's son. Ertuğrul had two other sons, Saru Batu
Savcı
Bey
and Gündüz.
frigate
Ertuğrul
was named in his honor. The Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque
in Asgabat
, Turkmenistan
is also named after his honor.
Ahlat
Ahlat is a historic town and a district in Turkey's Bitlis Province in Eastern Anatolia Region. The center town of Ahlat is situated on the northwestern coast of the Lake Van. She was the district in Van Province between 1929-1936...
– 1281, Söğüt
Sögüt
Söğüt is a town and district of Bilecik Province in the Marmara region of Turkey. Söğüt has an area of and borders Bilecik to the west, Gölpazarı to the north, İnhisar to the northeast, Eskişehir to the southeast, and Bozüyük to the southwest. The 2000 census put the population at 21,012 citizens,...
) was the father of Osman I
Osman I
Osman I or Othman I or El-Gazi Sultan Osman Ghazi, or Osman Bey or I. Osman, Osman Gazi Han), nicknamed "Kara" for his courage, was the leader of the Ottoman Turks, and the founder of the dynasty that established and ruled the Ottoman Empire...
, the founder of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
. He was the leader of the Kayı clan of the Oghuz Turks. When arriving in Anatolia
Anatolia
Anatolia is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey...
from Merv
Merv
Merv , formerly Achaemenid Satrapy of Margiana, and later Alexandria and Antiochia in Margiana , was a major oasis-city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, located near today's Mary in Turkmenistan. Several cities have existed on this site, which is significant for the interchange of...
(Turkmenistan) with his 400 horsemen to aid the Seljuks of Rum against the Byzantines
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State...
, Ertuğrul set off the chain of events that would ultimately lead to the founding of the Ottoman Empire. Like his son, Osman
Osman I
Osman I or Othman I or El-Gazi Sultan Osman Ghazi, or Osman Bey or I. Osman, Osman Gazi Han), nicknamed "Kara" for his courage, was the leader of the Ottoman Turks, and the founder of the dynasty that established and ruled the Ottoman Empire...
, and his future descendants, Ertuğrul is often referred to as a Ghazi, a heroic champion fighter for the cause of Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
.
Biography
In 1230, he inherited the command of the Kayı tribe of the Oghuz TurksOghuz Turks
The Turkomen also known as Oghuz Turks were a historical Turkic tribal confederation in Central Asia during the early medieval Turkic expansion....
as a result of his assistance to the Seljuks against the Byzantines. Ertuğrul received lands of Karaca Dağ
Karaca Dag
Karaca is a shield volcano located in eastern Turkey. According to Der Spiegel of either 6 March or 3 June 2006, the Max Planck Institute for Breeding Research in Cologne has discovered that the genetically common ancestor of 68 contemporary types of cereal still grows as a wild plant on the slopes...
, a mountainous area near Angora (now Ankara
Ankara
Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the country's second largest city after Istanbul. The city has a mean elevation of , and as of 2010 the metropolitan area in the entire Ankara Province had a population of 4.4 million....
), by Ala ad-Din Kay Qubadh I, the Seljuk Sultan
Sultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...
of Rum. One account indicates that the Seljuk leader's rationale for granting Ertuğrul land was for Ertuğrul to repel any hostile incursion from the Byzantines or other adversary. Later, he received the village of Söğüt
Sögüt
Söğüt is a town and district of Bilecik Province in the Marmara region of Turkey. Söğüt has an area of and borders Bilecik to the west, Gölpazarı to the north, İnhisar to the northeast, Eskişehir to the southeast, and Bozüyük to the southwest. The 2000 census put the population at 21,012 citizens,...
which he conquered in 1231 together with the surrounding lands. That village became the Ottoman capital in 1299 under Osman I
Osman I
Osman I or Othman I or El-Gazi Sultan Osman Ghazi, or Osman Bey or I. Osman, Osman Gazi Han), nicknamed "Kara" for his courage, was the leader of the Ottoman Turks, and the founder of the dynasty that established and ruled the Ottoman Empire...
, Ertuğrul's son. Ertuğrul had two other sons, Saru Batu
Batu
Batu may refer to:*Batu , a city in Indonesia*Batu Islands, an archipelago of Indonesia*Batu, a Turkish given name.*Batu , a Brazilian-influenced music group from London*Batu, Kuala Lumpur, an area in Malaysia...
Savcı
Savcı Bey
Savcı Bey was an Ottoman prince who participated in a joint rebellion with a Byzantine prince against their fathers in 1370s. Savcı was the youngest of Murat I's three sons. The name of his mother and birth year are unknown. In Ottoman tradition all princes were required to work as provencial ...
Bey
Bey
Bey is a title for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. Accoding to some sources, the word "Bey" is of Turkish language In historical accounts, many Turkish, other Turkic and Persian leaders are titled Bey, Beg, Bek, Bay, Baig or Beigh. They are all the same word...
and Gündüz.
Legacy
In the 19th century, the Ottoman NavyOttoman Navy
The Ottoman Navy was established in the early 14th century. During its long existence it was involved in many conflicts; refer to list of Ottoman sieges and landings and list of Admirals in the Ottoman Empire for a brief chronology.- Pre-Ottoman:...
frigate
Frigate
A frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.In the 17th century, the term was used for any warship built for speed and maneuverability, the description often used being "frigate-built"...
Ertuğrul
Ertugrul (Ottoman frigate)
This article is about the Ottoman frigate Ertuğrul. For the Ottoman leader, see Ertuğrul.Ertuğrul, launched in 1863, was a sailing frigate of the Ottoman Navy. While returning from a goodwill voyage from Japan in 1890, she encountered a typhoon off the coast of Wakayama Prefecture, subsequently...
was named in his honor. The Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque
Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque
Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque or Ärtogrul Gazy Mosque is a mosque in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. It honors Ertuğrul, the father of Osman I, the founder of the Ottoman Empire...
in Asgabat
Asgabat
Ashgabat or formerly Poltoratsk between 1919–1927) is the capital and largest city of Turkmenistan, a country in Central Asia. It has a population of 695,300 , 2009 estimates around 1 million people in Ashgabat, and is situated between the Kara Kum desert and the Kopet Dag mountain range...
, Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan , formerly also known as Turkmenia is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic . Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states...
is also named after his honor.
See also
- Sheik EdebaliSheik EdebaliSheikh Edebali was a highly influential and respected Turkish religious leader, who helped shape and develop the policies of the growing Ottoman State.-Early life:...
- Sultan Satuq Bughra KhanSultan Satuq Bughra KhanSatuq Boghra Khan was a Kara-Khanid Khan; in 934, he was one of the first Turks to convert to Islam.According to 12th century historian Jamal Qarshi's History of Kashgar, Satuq was first taught about Islam by Nasr, a wealthy merchant from Bukhara...
- Modu Chanyu
- Alp ArslanAlp ArslanAlp Arslan was the third sultan of the Seljuq dynasty and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty...
- Kilic ArslanKilij Arslan IKilij Arslan was the Seljuq Sultan of Rûm from 1092 until his death in 1107. He ruled the Sultanate during the time of the First Crusade and thus faced the brunt of the entire attack...
- Bumin KhanBumin KhanBumin Qaghan or Illig Qaghan was the founder of the Turkic Khaganate...
- Bilge KhanBilge KhanBilge Qaghan was khagan of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate...