Enrico Hillyer Giglioli was an Italian

Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

 zoologist and anthropologist.

Giglioli was born in London and first studied there. He obtained a degree in science at the University of Pisa in 1864 and started to teach zoology in Florence in 1869. Marine vertebrates, and invertebrates, were his academic interest but he was a noted amateur ornithologist and photographer.

Giglioli was director of the Royal Zoological Museum in Florence

Florence

Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....

, Italy. He wrote up the zoology of the voyage of the Magenta on which he had taken over from Filippo de Filippi

Filippo de Filippi

Filippo de Filippi was an Italian doctor, traveler and zoologist.Filippo De Filippi was born in Pavia. He succeeded Giuseppe Gené as professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Turin...

. Professor De Filippi died in Hong Kong

Hong Kong

Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...

 in 1867.He was also involved in the activities of the Florence School of Anthropology and through this developed an interest in ethnography

Ethnography

Ethnography is a qualitative method aimed to learn and understand cultural phenomena which reflect the knowledge and system of meanings guiding the life of a cultural group...

.

Giglioli's Whale

Giglioli's whale

Giglioli’s Whale is a purported species of whale observed by Enrico Hillyer Giglioli. It is described as having two dorsal fins, a feature which no known whales have...

 is an unrecognized species of whale observed by Giglioli from Magenta. Magenta was a warship of the Italian Royal Navy. The voyage of the "Magenta" was sponsored by the Government of Italy in the 19th century.

Giglioli conducted a detailed study of the chimpanzee

Chimpanzee

Chimpanzee, sometimes colloquially chimp, is the common name for the two extant species of ape in the genus Pan. The Congo River forms the boundary between the native habitat of the two species:...

 skulls which his friend Georg August Schweinfurth

Georg August Schweinfurth

Georg August Schweinfurth was a Baltic German botanist, traveller in East Central Africa and ethnologist....

 collected in the region of today's southern Sudan. He named the species Troglodytes schweinfurthiihttp://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pan_troglodytes.

After his death, Giglioli's collection, together with his extensive archaeological and ethnological library (from 1885 Giglioli concentrated on his ethnographic collection exchanging specimens with the Smithsonian Institution

Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution is an educational and research institute and associated museum complex, administered and funded by the government of the United States and by funds from its endowment, contributions, and profits from its retail operations, concessions, licensing activities, and magazines...

 and fellow naturalists, notably Edward Pierson Ramsay

Edward Pierson Ramsay

Edward Pierson Ramsay was an Australian zoologist who specialised in ornithology.-Early life:Pierson was born in Dobroyd Estate, Long Cove, Sydney and educated at St Mark's Collegiate School, The King's School, Parramatta...

), went to the Pigorini National Museum of Prehistory and Ethnography

Pigorini National Museum of Prehistory and Ethnography

The Luigi Pigorini National Museum of Prehistory and Ethnography is a public and research museum located in Rome, Italy. Established in 1876 by Luigi Pigorini, it is currently directed by Maria Antonietta Fugazzola. One important collection of the Pigorini houses is Neolithic artifacts from Lake...

 where they are now conserved.The photographic archive includes work by John K. Hillers

John K. Hillers

John Karl Hillers was an American government photographer.Hillers came to the United States in 1852. He was a policeman and then a soldier in the American Civil War, first with the New York Naval Brigade, then in the army, he re-enlisted after the war and served with the Western garrisons until 1870...

 , Timothy H. O'Sullivan

Timothy H. O'Sullivan

Timothy H. O'Sullivan was a photographer widely known for his work related to the American Civil War and the Western United States.O'Sullivan was born in New York City. As a teenager, he was employed by Mathew Brady...

 and Charles Milton Bell photos as well as his own.

Works

Partial list

• I Tasmaniani.Cenni storici ed etnologici di un popolo estinto Illustrated with 15 Original Albumen Photographs(the last of the aborigines) Milano, F. Treves
• Elenco dei Mammiferi, degli Uccelli e dei Rettili ittiofagi appartenenti alla Fauna italiana, e Catalogo degli Anfibie dei Pesci italiani in Catalogo Sezione italiana, Esposizione intern. di Pesca, Berlino, 1880, (11): pp. 63–117 (also sep., Firenze, 1880: pp. 18–55). 1880
• Primo resoconto dei risultati della inchiesta ornitologica in Italia Comp. dal dottore Enrico Hillyer Giglioli Firenze. Coi tipi dei successori Le Monnier 1889-1891. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8360 and (secondo)http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8369
• with Odoardo Beccari
  Odoardo Beccari
  Odoardo Beccari was an Italian naturalist perhaps best known for discovering the titan arum, the plant with the largest unbranched inflorescence in the world, in Sumatra in 1878...
  
   (1843–1920) and Francis Henry Hill Guillemard (1852–1933), Wanderings in the great forests of Borneo; travels and researches of a naturalist in Sarawak London, A. Constable & Co.,Ltd.

• Giglioli, E. H. 1882. New and very rare fish from the Mediterranean. Nature 25: 535.
• Giglioli, E. H. 1882. New Deep-sea Fish from the Mediterranean. Nature, Lond., 27 :198-199.
• Intorno a due nuovi pesci dal golfo di Napoli. Zool. Anz. v. 6 (no. 144). 397-400.
• With A. Issel
  Arturo Issel
  Arturo Issel was an Italian geologist, palaeontologist, malacologist and archaeologist. He is noted for first defining the Tyrrhenian Stage in 1914...
  
   Esplorazione talassografica del Mediterraneo esguita sotto gli auspici del Governo italiano :199-291, 5 fig. n.n., I map.1884.
• Note intorno agli animali vertebrati raccolti dal Conte Augusto Boutourline e dal D. Leopoldo Traversi ad Assab e nello Scioa negli anni 188487. Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Genova, (2) 6: 5-73.1888.
• 1889 On a supposed new genus and species of pelagic gadoid fishes from the Mediterranean. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. (Pt. 3):328-332.
• Apunti intorno ad una Collezione Etnografica fatta durante il terzo viaggio di Cook e conservata sin dalla fine del secolo scorso nel R. Museo di Fisica e Storia Naturale di Firenze. Firenze 1893-95

External links

• USNM Archive Correspondence from the years 1889-1891 documenting an exchange of Archaeological and Ethnological artifacts between the U. S. N. M. and the Museum of Zoology, Florence, Italy.
• Biographie du Musée de la photographie (in Italian)

See also

• European and American voyages of scientific exploration
  European and American voyages of scientific exploration
  The era of European and American voyages of scientific exploration followed the Age of Discovery and were inspired by a new confidence in science and reason that arose in the Age of Enlightenment...