Emperor Ingyo
Encyclopedia
was the 19th emperor
of Japan
, according to the traditional order of succession.
No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 411–453.
According to Kojiki
and Nihonshoki, he was the fourth son of Emperor Nintoku
and his consort Iwanohime
, and therefore a younger brother of his predecessor Emperor Hanzei
. He sat on the throne after Hanzei died and ruled for 41 years.
Ingyō's contemporary title would not have been tennō, as most historians believe this title was not introduced until the reigns of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jitō
. Rather, it was presumably Sumeramikoto or Amenoshita Shiroshimesu Ōkimi (治天下大王), meaning "the great king who rules all under heaven." Alternatively, Ingyō might have been referred to as (ヤマト大王/大君) or the "Great King of Yamato."
His consort was Oshisaka no Ōnakatsu no Hime. They had five sons and four daughters, including Emperor Ankō
and Emperor Yūryaku
. He reformed the system of family and clan names, because many named themselves false names using higher ranked clan or family names.
Some scholars identify him with King Sai
in the Book of Song. This would have been a king of Japan (referred to as Wa
by contemporary Chinese scholars) who is said to have sent messengers to the Song Dynasty at least twice, in 443 and 451.
According to Nihonshoki, the king of the Korea
n Silla
Kingdom grieved very much when Ingyō died. To comfort the soul of Ingyo, he presented Japan 80 musicians.
The actual site of Ingyō's grave
is not known. This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial
Shinto
shrine
(misasagi) near Osaka
.
The Imperial Household Agency
designates this location as Ingyō's mausoleum
. It is formally known as , in Fujiidera city near Osaka.
Princess: Sotoshi no iratsume (衣通郎姫), younger sister of Oshisaka no Ōnakatsuhime
Emperor
An emperor is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife or a woman who rules in her own right...
of Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
, according to the traditional order of succession.
No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 411–453.
Legendary narrative
Ingyō is considered to have ruled the country during the mid-fifth century, but there is a paucity of information about him. There is insufficient material available for further verification and study.According to Kojiki
Kojiki
is the oldest extant chronicle in Japan, dating from the early 8th century and composed by Ō no Yasumaro at the request of Empress Gemmei. The Kojiki is a collection of myths concerning the origin of the four home islands of Japan, and the Kami...
and Nihonshoki, he was the fourth son of Emperor Nintoku
Emperor Nintoku
was the 16th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 313–399.-Legendary narrative:...
and his consort Iwanohime
Princess Iwa
, sometimes known as , was a poet and the Empress consort of Emperor Nintoku, who was the 16th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. She was a descendant of Emperor Kōgen....
, and therefore a younger brother of his predecessor Emperor Hanzei
Emperor Hanzei
, also known as Emperor Hanshō, was the 18th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 406 to 410....
. He sat on the throne after Hanzei died and ruled for 41 years.
Ingyō's contemporary title would not have been tennō, as most historians believe this title was not introduced until the reigns of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jitō
Empress Jito
was the 41st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.Jitō's reign spanned the years from 686 through 697.In the history of Japan, Jitō was the third of eight women to take on the role of empress regnant. The two female monarchs before Jitō were Suiko and Kōgyoku/Saimei...
. Rather, it was presumably Sumeramikoto or Amenoshita Shiroshimesu Ōkimi (治天下大王), meaning "the great king who rules all under heaven." Alternatively, Ingyō might have been referred to as (ヤマト大王/大君) or the "Great King of Yamato."
His consort was Oshisaka no Ōnakatsu no Hime. They had five sons and four daughters, including Emperor Ankō
Emperor Anko
was the 20th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 453–456.-Legendary narrative:...
and Emperor Yūryaku
Emperor Yuryaku
was the 21st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.Yūryaku is remembered as a patron of sericulture.No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 456–479....
. He reformed the system of family and clan names, because many named themselves false names using higher ranked clan or family names.
Events of Ingyō's reign
The earliest documented earthquake in Japan occurred in 416 when the Imperial Palace at Kyoto was leveled by the severity of the Earth's tremors.Some scholars identify him with King Sai
Five kings of Wa
The five kings of Wa are kings of ancient Japan who sent envoys to China during the 5th century to strengthen the legitimacy of their claims to power by gaining the recognition of the Chinese emperor. Details about them are unknown...
in the Book of Song. This would have been a king of Japan (referred to as Wa
Wa (Japan)
Japanese is the oldest recorded name of Japan. Chinese, Korean, and Japanese scribes regularly wrote Wa or Yamato "Japan" with the Chinese character 倭 until the 8th century, when the Japanese found fault with it, replacing it with 和 "harmony, peace, balance".- Historical references :The earliest...
by contemporary Chinese scholars) who is said to have sent messengers to the Song Dynasty at least twice, in 443 and 451.
According to Nihonshoki, the king of the Korea
Korea
Korea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the...
n Silla
Silla
Silla was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, and one of the longest sustained dynasties in...
Kingdom grieved very much when Ingyō died. To comfort the soul of Ingyo, he presented Japan 80 musicians.
The actual site of Ingyō's grave
Grave (burial)
A grave is a location where a dead body is buried. Graves are usually located in special areas set aside for the purpose of burial, such as graveyards or cemeteries....
is not known. This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial
Memorial
A memorial is an object which serves as a focus for memory of something, usually a person or an event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark objects or art objects such as sculptures, statues or fountains, and even entire parks....
Shinto
Shinto
or Shintoism, also kami-no-michi, is the indigenous spirituality of Japan and the Japanese people. It is a set of practices, to be carried out diligently, to establish a connection between present day Japan and its ancient past. Shinto practices were first recorded and codified in the written...
shrine
Shrine
A shrine is a holy or sacred place, which is dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, martyr, saint, daemon or similar figure of awe and respect, at which they are venerated or worshipped. Shrines often contain idols, relics, or other such objects associated with the figure being venerated....
(misasagi) near Osaka
Osaka
is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshu, a designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the biggest part of Keihanshin area, which is represented by three major cities of Japan, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe...
.
The Imperial Household Agency
Imperial Household Agency
The is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japan's imperial family and also keeping the Privy Seal and the State Seal...
designates this location as Ingyō's mausoleum
Mausoleum
A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or persons. A monument without the interment is a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be considered a type of tomb or the tomb may be considered to be within the...
. It is formally known as , in Fujiidera city near Osaka.
Consorts and Children
Empress: Oshisaka no Ōnakatsuhime (忍坂大中姫), daughter of Wakanuke-Futamata no Miko (稚渟毛二派皇子)- Prince Kinashi no KaruPrince Kinashi no Karuwas a Japanese prince. He was a son of Emperor Ingyō.Prince Kinashi no Karu, Princess Karu no Ōiratsume, Prince Anaho and Prince Ōhatsuse Wakatake were born as children of Emperor Ingyō and Oshisaka no Ōnakatsuhime no Mikoto...
(木梨軽皇子) - Princess Nagata no Ōiratsume (名形大娘皇女)
- Prince Sakai no kurohiko (境黒彦皇子) (?–456)
- Prince Anaho (穴穂皇子) (Emperor AnkōEmperor Ankowas the 20th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 453–456.-Legendary narrative:...
) (401?–456) - Princess Karu no Ōiratsume (軽大娘皇女)
- Prince Yatsuri no shirahiko (八釣白彦皇子) (?–456)
- Prince Ōhatuse no Wakatakeru (大泊瀬稚武皇子) (Emperor YūryakuEmperor Yuryakuwas the 21st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.Yūryaku is remembered as a patron of sericulture.No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 456–479....
) (418–479) - Princess Tajima no Tachibana no Ōiratsume (但馬橘大娘皇女)
- Princess Sakami (酒見皇女)
Princess: Sotoshi no iratsume (衣通郎姫), younger sister of Oshisaka no Ōnakatsuhime
See also
- Emperor of JapanEmperor of JapanThe Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
- List of Emperors of Japan
- Imperial cultImperial cultAn imperial cult is a form of state religion in which an emperor, or a dynasty of emperors , are worshipped as messiahs, demigods or deities. "Cult" here is used to mean "worship", not in the modern pejorative sense...
- Five kings of WaFive kings of WaThe five kings of Wa are kings of ancient Japan who sent envoys to China during the 5th century to strengthen the legitimacy of their claims to power by gaining the recognition of the Chinese emperor. Details about them are unknown...