Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
Encyclopedia
The Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic was a short-lived and never recognized Soviet Republic
founded on 12 February 1918 and sought an independence from the Soviet Ukraine. On 29 March 1918 it became a republic within the Soviet Ukraine until the last was fully occupied by the German forces in support of the Central Rada.
The Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic claimed the territories south of the neighbouring Ukrainian People's Republic
, which included the Donbass
, Kharkov
, Yekaterinoslav
, and part of the Kherson Governorate
s. Another territory claimed was part of the Don Voisko Oblast. In the beginning, the republic's capital was the city of Kharkiv
, but later with the retreat of the Red Guard
it was moved to Luhansk
. The Soviet government of Russia supported it as the existence of the state set an anarchy in the region. The newly created government challenged the authority of the General Secretariat of Ukraine
and the People's Secretariat
. Some of the commissars held positions of secretaries in another Bolshevik government in Ukraine, the People's Secretariat
.
The Republic was disbanded at the 2nd All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets on 20 March 1918 when was announced the independence of the Soviet Ukraine. It failed to achieve recognition, either internationally or by the Russian SFSR and in accordance with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
was abolished.
After a government crisis and resignation of Vasilchenko, Zhakov, and Filov on 29 March 1918, Sovnarkom relocated from Kharkiv
to Luhansk
.
Soviet republic (system of government)
A Soviet Republic is a system of government in which the whole state power belongs to the Soviets . Although the term is usually associated with communist states, it was not initially intended to represent only one political force, but merely a form of democracy and representation.In the classic...
founded on 12 February 1918 and sought an independence from the Soviet Ukraine. On 29 March 1918 it became a republic within the Soviet Ukraine until the last was fully occupied by the German forces in support of the Central Rada.
The Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic claimed the territories south of the neighbouring Ukrainian People's Republic
Ukrainian People's Republic
The Ukrainian People's Republic or Ukrainian National Republic was a republic that was declared in part of the territory of modern Ukraine after the Russian Revolution, eventually headed by Symon Petliura.-Revolutionary Wave:...
, which included the Donbass
Donets Basin
Donbas or Donbass , full rarely-used name Donets Basin , is a historical, economic and cultural region of eastern Ukraine. Originally a coal mining area, it has become a heavily industrialised territory suffering from urban decay and industrial pollution.-Geography:Donbas covers three...
, Kharkov
Kharkiv
Kharkiv or Kharkov is the second-largest city in Ukraine.The city was founded in 1654 and was a major centre of Ukrainian culture in the Russian Empire. Kharkiv became the first city in Ukraine where the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed in December 1917 and Soviet government was...
, Yekaterinoslav
Yekaterinoslav Governorate
The Yekaterinoslav Governorate or Government of Yekaterinoslav was a governorate in the Russian Empire. Its capital was the city of Yekaterinoslav .-Administrative divisions:...
, and part of the Kherson Governorate
Kherson Governorate
The Kherson Governorate or Government of Kherson was a guberniya, or administrative territorial unit, in the Southern Ukrainian region, between the Dnieper and Dniester Rivers, of the Russian Empire. It was one of three governorates created in 1802 when the Novorossiya guberniya was abolished...
s. Another territory claimed was part of the Don Voisko Oblast. In the beginning, the republic's capital was the city of Kharkiv
Kharkiv
Kharkiv or Kharkov is the second-largest city in Ukraine.The city was founded in 1654 and was a major centre of Ukrainian culture in the Russian Empire. Kharkiv became the first city in Ukraine where the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed in December 1917 and Soviet government was...
, but later with the retreat of the Red Guard
Red Guards (Russia)
In the context of the history of Russia and Soviet Union, Red Guards were paramilitary formations consisting of workers and partially of soldiers and sailors formed in the time frame of the Russian Revolution of 1917...
it was moved to Luhansk
Luhansk
Luhansk also known as Lugansk is a city in southeastern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Luhansk Oblast . The city itself is also designated as its own separate municipality within the oblast...
. The Soviet government of Russia supported it as the existence of the state set an anarchy in the region. The newly created government challenged the authority of the General Secretariat of Ukraine
General Secretariat of Ukraine
The General Secretariat of Ukraine was the main executive institution of the Ukrainian People's Republic from June 28, 1917 to January 22, 1918.It closely related to the today's Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine...
and the People's Secretariat
People's Secretariat
The People's Secretariat of Ukraine was the executive body of the Provisional Central Executive Committee of Soviets in Ukraine. It was formed in Kharkiv on December 30, 1917 by the Russian and other local Bolsheviks as the Ukrainian Soviet government and the opposition to the Central Rada and the...
. Some of the commissars held positions of secretaries in another Bolshevik government in Ukraine, the People's Secretariat
People's Secretariat
The People's Secretariat of Ukraine was the executive body of the Provisional Central Executive Committee of Soviets in Ukraine. It was formed in Kharkiv on December 30, 1917 by the Russian and other local Bolsheviks as the Ukrainian Soviet government and the opposition to the Central Rada and the...
.
The Republic was disbanded at the 2nd All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets on 20 March 1918 when was announced the independence of the Soviet Ukraine. It failed to achieve recognition, either internationally or by the Russian SFSR and in accordance with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, mediated by South African Andrik Fuller, at Brest-Litovsk between Russia and the Central Powers, headed by Germany, marking Russia's exit from World War I.While the treaty was practically obsolete before the end of the year,...
was abolished.
Government
- Chairman - Fyodor SergeyevFyodor SergeyevFyodor Andreyevich Sergeyev , better known as Comrade Artyom , was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, agitator, and journalist. He was a close friend of Sergei Kirov and Stalin...
("Artyom") - People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs - S.Vasilchenko
- People's Commissariat for Financial Affairs - Valeriy Mezhlauk
- People's Commissariat for Labor - B.Magidov
- People's Commissariat for National Enlightenment - M.Zhakov
- People's Commissariat for Legal Affairs - V.Filov
- People's Commissariat for Military Affairs - Moisei Rukhimovich
- People's Commissariat for State Control - A.Kamensky
After a government crisis and resignation of Vasilchenko, Zhakov, and Filov on 29 March 1918, Sovnarkom relocated from Kharkiv
Kharkiv
Kharkiv or Kharkov is the second-largest city in Ukraine.The city was founded in 1654 and was a major centre of Ukrainian culture in the Russian Empire. Kharkiv became the first city in Ukraine where the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed in December 1917 and Soviet government was...
to Luhansk
Luhansk
Luhansk also known as Lugansk is a city in southeastern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Luhansk Oblast . The city itself is also designated as its own separate municipality within the oblast...
.
- Chairman - Fyodor SergeyevFyodor SergeyevFyodor Andreyevich Sergeyev , better known as Comrade Artyom , was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, agitator, and journalist. He was a close friend of Sergei Kirov and Stalin...
("Artyom")- Deputy Chairman - Yu.Lutovinov ("Ivan")
- People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs - I.Yakimovich
- People's Commissariat for Finance- Valeriy Mezhlauk
- People's Commissariat for Labor - B.Magidov
- People's Commissariat for EnlightenmentMinistry of Education (Soviet Union)Ministry of Education, founded as the People's Commissariat for Education but commonly called Narkompros , was the Soviet agency charged with the administration of public education and most of other issues related to culture. In 1946, it was renamed the Ministry of Education. Its first head was...
- Ya.Istomin - People's Commissariat for JusticeMinistry of Justice (Soviet Union)The Ministry of Justice of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , formed on 15 March 1946, was one of the most important government offices in the Soviet Union. It was formerly known as the People's Commissariat for Justice...
- A.Chervyakov - People's Commissariat for Provision - I.Alekseyev ("Koom")
- People's Commissariat for Military Affairs - Moisei Rukhimovich
- People's Commissariat for State Control - A.Kamensky
- People's Commissariat for Posts and TelegraphsPeople's Commissariat for Posts and TelegraphsPeople's Commissariat for Posts and Telegraphs, and known as the Narkompochtel, was set up on , following the Bolshevik seizure of Power in Russia.The first commissar was Nikolai Glebov-Avilov, who sat on Sovnarkom....
- I.Kozhevnikov - People's Commissariat for Public Property - A.Puzyryov
- Director of Sovnarkom Affairs - A.Povzner
See also
- NovorossiyaNovorossiyaNovorossiya is a historic area of lands which established itself solidly after the annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire, but was introduced with the establishment of Novorossiysk Governorate with the capital in Kremenchuk in the mid 18th century. Until that time in both Polish...
- Russians in UkraineRussians in UkraineRussians in Ukraine form the largest ethnic minority in the country, and the community forms the largest single Russian diaspora in the world. In the 2001 Ukrainian census, 8,334,100 identified themselves as ethnic Russians ....
- Crimean KhanateCrimean KhanateCrimean Khanate, or Khanate of Crimea , was a state ruled by Crimean Tatars from 1441 to 1783. Its native name was . Its khans were the patrilineal descendants of Toqa Temür, the thirteenth son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan...
- Sloboda UkraineSloboda UkraineSloboda Ukraine was a historical region which developed and flourished in the 17th and 18th centuries on the southwestern frontier of the Tsardom of Russia....
- People's SecretariatPeople's SecretariatThe People's Secretariat of Ukraine was the executive body of the Provisional Central Executive Committee of Soviets in Ukraine. It was formed in Kharkiv on December 30, 1917 by the Russian and other local Bolsheviks as the Ukrainian Soviet government and the opposition to the Central Rada and the...
External links
- Infodon: DKR prehistory — Formation of the DKR — End of the DKR
- Ukrainian SSR