Domundaejak
Encyclopedia
Domundaejak is a book of food criticism written by Heo Gyun
in 1611. It is included in the Seongseobubugo (hangul: 성서부부고; hanja: 惺所覆覆藁) (a collection of 26 books and 12 volumes). This book was written during Heo Gyun
's exile. He was exiled to Hamyel (now Iksan
), a seaside district in Jeollabuk-do
. While eating the coarse food there, he started to describe the delicious food that he ate before. Domun (hangul: 도문; hanja: 屠門) means the door of the butcher's, and daejak (hangul: 대작; hanja: 大嚼) means chewing something loudly. So the title Domundaejak means licking one's lips by the butcher's door, thinking of the meat that one cannot now eat.
This book refers to 11 sorts of tteok
, 30 types of fruit, 5 kinds of meat, 40 varieties of seafood, 25 sorts of vegetables and 5 other foods, for a total of 117 foods. It names those foods' ingredients' groups, names, specific localities of production, origins, bulk dates, production seasons, processing methods, shape, taste and so on.
, and it informs the reader of their areas of production. Especially, it records 6 kinds of mandarins from Jeju
: geumgyul (hangul: 금귤; hanja: 金橘), gamgyul (hangul: 감귤; hanja: 甘橘), cheonggyul (hangul: 청귤; hanja: 靑橘), yugam (hangul: 유감; hanja: 柚柑), yuja (hangul: 유자; hanja: 柚子), and gamnyu (hangul: 감류; hanja: 甘榴) (a type of persimmon).
to distinguish them from western-style cakes. People make yumilgwa (hangul: 유밀과, 유과; hanja: 油蜜果, 油菓) for memorial services, feasts and treating guests. They are divided into yakgwa
(hangul: 약과; hanja: 藥果), daegye (hangul: 대계; hanja: 大桂), jungbaeggi (hangul: 중배끼; hanja: 中桂果), hongsanja (hangul: 홍산자; hanja: 紅癎子), baeksanja (hangul: 백산자; hanja: 白癎子), frozen desserts (hangul: 빙과; hanja: 氷果), gwagwa (hangul: 과과; hanja: 瓜果), bongjeopgwa (hangul: 봉접과; hanja: 蜂蝶果), mandu
-gwa (hangul: 만두과; hanja: 饅頭果), and so on.
It records jeungbyeong (hangul: 증병; hanja: 蒸餠), wolbyeong (hangul: 월병; hanja: 月餠), sambyeong (hangul: 삼병; hanja: 蔘餠), songoyumil (hangul: 송고유밀, 송기떡; hanja: 松膏油蜜), jabyeong (hangul: 자병, 전병; hanja: 煮餠), and so on in the section of Seoeul (Not Seoul
).
It records yaksik (hangul: 약식; hanja: 藥食) which was the food that was given to crows on the 15th day of the Lunar New Year
. Chinese people learned this recipe and they named it goyeoban.
Heo Gyun
Heo Gyun was a prominent Korean politician, scholar, and writer of the Joseon dynasty. He was born of a noble family and passed the nation's highest civil services exams in 1594...
in 1611. It is included in the Seongseobubugo (hangul: 성서부부고; hanja: 惺所覆覆藁) (a collection of 26 books and 12 volumes). This book was written during Heo Gyun
Heo Gyun
Heo Gyun was a prominent Korean politician, scholar, and writer of the Joseon dynasty. He was born of a noble family and passed the nation's highest civil services exams in 1594...
's exile. He was exiled to Hamyel (now Iksan
Iksan
Iksan is a city and major railway junction in North Jeolla Province, South Korea.The city center and railway junction was formerly called "Iri" , but merged with Iksan County in 1995....
), a seaside district in Jeollabuk-do
Jeollabuk-do
Jeollabuk-do is a province in the southwest of South Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Jeolla province, and remained a province of Korea until the country's division in 1945, then became part of South Korea...
. While eating the coarse food there, he started to describe the delicious food that he ate before. Domun (hangul: 도문; hanja: 屠門) means the door of the butcher's, and daejak (hangul: 대작; hanja: 大嚼) means chewing something loudly. So the title Domundaejak means licking one's lips by the butcher's door, thinking of the meat that one cannot now eat.
This book refers to 11 sorts of tteok
Tteok
Tteok is a class of Korean rice cakes made with glutinous rice flour , by steaming. Normal rice flour can be used for some kinds of tteok. There are hundreds of different kinds of tteok eaten year round...
, 30 types of fruit, 5 kinds of meat, 40 varieties of seafood, 25 sorts of vegetables and 5 other foods, for a total of 117 foods. It names those foods' ingredients' groups, names, specific localities of production, origins, bulk dates, production seasons, processing methods, shape, taste and so on.
Composition
Domundaejak describes and comments on the best dishes from various regions and specialties from the eight provinces of Korea, and delicacies, vegetables, fruits and fish from various places in detail. These contents are divided largely into "Fruits," "Fish," and "Crops."Fruits
It includes a total of 30 fruits, recording various kinds such as chestnuts and jujubes common in the Joseon DynastyJoseon Dynasty
Joseon , was a Korean state founded by Taejo Yi Seong-gye that lasted for approximately five centuries. It was founded in the aftermath of the overthrow of the Goryeo at what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul...
, and it informs the reader of their areas of production. Especially, it records 6 kinds of mandarins from Jeju
Jeju
Jeju may refer to:*Jeju-do, a province of South Korea** Jeju-do, the main island of Jeju-do**Jeju City, the biggest city on Jeju-do and capital of Jeju-do**Jeju dog, a dog native to Jeju-do...
: geumgyul (hangul: 금귤; hanja: 金橘), gamgyul (hangul: 감귤; hanja: 甘橘), cheonggyul (hangul: 청귤; hanja: 靑橘), yugam (hangul: 유감; hanja: 柚柑), yuja (hangul: 유자; hanja: 柚子), and gamnyu (hangul: 감류; hanja: 甘榴) (a type of persimmon).
Meat
It records rare foods like bear's paw, the tail and tongue of deer, pheasant meat, placenta of leopard and where they are produced.Seafood
It records 40 varieties of seafood like carp, gray mullet, Chinese herring, sweetfish, cod, mackerel, ricefish, clams and crabs. It evaluates and records their taste and their production locales. (The list quoted in full:)- The Han RiverHan River (Korea)The Han River is a major river in South Korea and the fourth longest river on the Korean peninsula after the Amnok, Duman, and Nakdong rivers. It is formed by the confluence of the Namhan River , which originates in Mount Daedeok, and the Bukhan River , which originates on the slopes of Mount...
: gray mullet, Korean sword fish, blowfishBlowfishThe blowfish, or Tetraodontidae, is a fish in the Tetraodontidae family.Blowfish may also refer to:* The Blowfish, a satirical newspaper at Brandeis University* Blowfish , encryption algorithm...
, Coreoperca herzi - Yangpyeong : Kumrinoe
- Imcheon, HanshanHanshanHanshan was a legendary figure associated with a collection of poems from the Chinese Tang Dynasty in the Taoist and Chan tradition. He is honored as an incarnation of the Bodhisattva Manjusri in Zen lore...
of ChungcheongChungcheongChungcheong was one of the eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. Chungcheong was located in the southwest of Korea...
, and Impie of JeollaJeollaJeolla was a province in southwestern Korea, one of the historical Eight Provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. It consisted of the modern South Korean provinces of North Jeolla, South Jeolla and the Special City of Gwangju as well as Jeju Island...
: WhitebaitWhitebaitWhitebait is a collective term for the immature fry of fish, typically between 25 and 50 millimetres long. Such young fish often travel together in schools along the coast, and move into estuaries and sometimes up rivers where they can be easily caught with fine meshed fishing nets... - AsanAsanAsan is a city in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea. It is located at , bordering the Seoul Metropolitan Area to the north. Asan has a population of approximately 250,000.Asan is known for its hot springs and is a city of spas....
: Yellow corvina - The Yellow SeaYellow SeaThe Yellow Sea is the name given to the northern part of the East China Sea, which is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It is located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula. Its name comes from the sand particles from Gobi Desert sand storms that turn the surface of the water golden...
: Zaha, Spiny lobsterSpiny lobsterSpiny lobsters, also known as langouste or rock lobsters, are a family of about 45 species of achelate crustaceans, in the Decapoda Reptantia...
, Kodoueo, HerringHerringHerring is an oily fish of the genus Clupea, found in the shallow, temperate waters of the North Pacific and the North Atlantic oceans, including the Baltic Sea. Three species of Clupea are recognized. The main taxa, the Atlantic herring and the Pacific herring may each be divided into subspecies...
, CroakerSciaenidaeSciaenidae is a family of fish commonly called drums, croakers, or hardheads for the repetitive throbbing or drumming sounds they make...
, Yellow corvina fish, fingerlingFingerlingFingerling can refer to:*Fingerling , a character from Dutch fiction,*Fingerling potato, a small potato*Fingerling , worn like a traditional ring but constructed from fabric, vinyl, or leather....
, Small Octopus, Jineo - GangneungGangneungGangneung is a city in Gangwon-do, on the east coast of South Korea. It has a population of 229,869 . Gangneung is the economic centre of the Yeongdong region of eastern Gangwon Province. Gangneung has many tourist attractions, like Jeongdongjin, one of the most famous towns in Korea...
: CarpCarpCarp are various species of oily freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae, a very large group of fish native to Europe and Asia. The cypriniformes are traditionally grouped with the Characiformes, Siluriformes and Gymnotiformes to create the superorder Ostariophysi, since these groups have certain...
, Lenok, SardineSardineSardines, or pilchards, are several types of small, oily fish related to herrings, family Clupeidae. Sardines are named after the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, around which they were once abundant.... - SamcheokSamcheokSamcheok is a city in Gangwon-do, South Korea.-Ancient age & Three Kingdom:* It was called "Siljikguk or Siljikgokguk"* 102 under the rule of Silla * 468 under the rule of Goguryeo...
: CrabCrabTrue crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" , or where the reduced abdomen is entirely hidden under the thorax...
(It is as big as small dog, straight as an arrow and sweet taste. It usually made to jerky.) - The Sea of JapanSea of JapanThe Sea of Japan is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland, the Japanese archipelago and Sakhalin. It is bordered by Japan, North Korea, Russia and South Korea. Like the Mediterranean Sea, it has almost no tides due to its nearly complete enclosure from the Pacific...
(East Sea) : Bangaeo, SalmonSalmonSalmon is the common name for several species of fish in the family Salmonidae. Several other fish in the same family are called trout; the difference is often said to be that salmon migrate and trout are resident, but this distinction does not strictly hold true...
, TroutTroutTrout is the name for a number of species of freshwater and saltwater fish belonging to the Salmoninae subfamily of the family Salmonidae. Salmon belong to the same family as trout. Most salmon species spend almost all their lives in salt water...
, Nuruchi, HalibutHalibutHalibut is a flatfish, genus Hippoglossus, from the family of the right-eye flounders . Other flatfish are also called halibut. The name is derived from haly and butt , for its popularity on Catholic holy days...
, flatfishFlatfishThe flatfish are an order of ray-finned fish, also called the Heterosomata, sometimes classified as a suborder of Perciformes. In many species, both eyes lie on one side of the head, one or the other migrating through and around the head during development...
, Sweetfish, Salted salmon eggs - Northern areas : Trout, Paldaeo
- Heungddok, Buan of Jeolla : SquidSquidSquid are cephalopods of the order Teuthida, which comprises around 300 species. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, a mantle, and arms. Squid, like cuttlefish, have eight arms arranged in pairs and two, usually longer, tentacles...
, Douha - YeongnamYeongnamYeongnam is the name of a region that coincides with the former Gyeongsang Province in what is now South Korea....
: Eungueo - NyongbyonNyongbyonNyongbyon-gun, alternatively Yongbyon-gun, is a county in North Pyongan province, North Korea. It borders the cities of Kaech'on and Anju, and covers an area of 504 km²....
of PyonganPyonganP'yŏngan was one of the Eight Provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. P'yŏngan was located in the northwest of Korea. The provincial capital was P'yŏngyang.-History:P'yŏngan Province was formed in 1413...
: Nulchi
Vegetables
It records a total of 26 kinds of vegetables like ginger, mustard, and their areas of production.Jogwa
Jogwa (hangul: 조과; hanja: 造果) is a word meaning all Korean traditional snack foods. People usually refer to them as hangwaHangwa
Hangwa is a general term for Korean traditional confectionery. Common ingredients in hangwa are grain flour, honey, yeot, sugar, fruit or edible root.-Types of hangwa:*Yumilgwa : made by frying and kneading....
to distinguish them from western-style cakes. People make yumilgwa (hangul: 유밀과, 유과; hanja: 油蜜果, 油菓) for memorial services, feasts and treating guests. They are divided into yakgwa
Yakgwa
Yakgwa is a Korean traditional dish. It was originally considered as a dessert and more recently as a confectionery , because of its sweet taste and flower biscuit shape. Yakgwa is made mainly from honey, sesame oil, and wheat flour.-Origin:...
(hangul: 약과; hanja: 藥果), daegye (hangul: 대계; hanja: 大桂), jungbaeggi (hangul: 중배끼; hanja: 中桂果), hongsanja (hangul: 홍산자; hanja: 紅癎子), baeksanja (hangul: 백산자; hanja: 白癎子), frozen desserts (hangul: 빙과; hanja: 氷果), gwagwa (hangul: 과과; hanja: 瓜果), bongjeopgwa (hangul: 봉접과; hanja: 蜂蝶果), mandu
Mandu
Mandu or Mandavgad is a ruined city in the Dhar district in the Malwa region of western Madhya Pradesh state, central India. The distance between Dhar & Mandu is about 35 km. In the 11th century, Mandu was the sub division of the Tarangagadh or Taranga kingdom...
-gwa (hangul: 만두과; hanja: 饅頭果), and so on.
It records jeungbyeong (hangul: 증병; hanja: 蒸餠), wolbyeong (hangul: 월병; hanja: 月餠), sambyeong (hangul: 삼병; hanja: 蔘餠), songoyumil (hangul: 송고유밀, 송기떡; hanja: 松膏油蜜), jabyeong (hangul: 자병, 전병; hanja: 煮餠), and so on in the section of Seoeul (Not Seoul
Seoul
Seoul , officially the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea. A megacity with a population of over 10 million, it is the largest city proper in the OECD developed world...
).
It records yaksik (hangul: 약식; hanja: 藥食) which was the food that was given to crows on the 15th day of the Lunar New Year
Korean New Year
Korean New Year, commonly known as Seollal , is the first day of the lunar calendar. It is the most important of the traditional Korean holidays. It consists of a period of celebrations, starting on New Year's Day. Koreans also celebrate solar New Year's Day on January 1 each year, following the...
. Chinese people learned this recipe and they named it goyeoban.