Disadvantaged
Encyclopedia
The "disadvantaged" is a generic term for individuals or groups of people who:
The "economically disadvantaged" is a term used by government institutions in for example allocating free school meals to "a student who is a member of a household that meets the income eligibility guidelines for free or reduced-price meals (less than or equal to 185% of Federal Poverty Guidelines)"http://www.tea.state.tx.us/adhocrpt/adstc04.html or business grants http://www.mmd.admin.state.mn.us/lsalist.htm.
The "disadvantaged" is often applied in a third world context and typically relate to women with reduced "upward mobility" suffering social exclusion and having limited access to natural resources and economic opportunities. They are often landless or marginal farmers operating on the most unproductive land.
Statistically a person born into poverty
is likely to die
there and have child
ren who live
powerless as well.
According to Paul Krugman
in an October 2002 article
titled "about the distribution of wealth"
, there is even more of a divide between the classes today than in the 1920s, meaning that the disadvantaged are becoming more economically disadvantaged.
The current economy
in the United States
is one that has divided the rich
and the poor, with the rich taking the bulk of the gains in productivity
of the last several decades.
The majority of those termed as disadvantaged live in the developing world
with no or insufficient readily available running water
, electricity
or sanitation
.
Many disadvantaged groups are also not recognized as disadvantaged, thus giving a disadvantage when they are denied access for tools of self-sufficiency. One example is gender. Such groups are low Socio-economic status and racialized males, especially non-custodial fathers, as well as women choosing traditional gender role
s.
and for areas where health is an issue. In the US The "Nursing Relief for Disadvantaged Areas
Act" allowed qualifying hospitals to employ temporary foreign workers as Registered Nurses (RNs).
- Face special problems such as physical or mental disability http://www.leisureconsult.freeserve.co.uk/disadvantaged.htmhttp://www.eto.org.uk/links/tcoop2.htm
- Lack moneyMoneyMoney is any object or record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts in a given country or socio-economic context. The main functions of money are distinguished as: a medium of exchange; a unit of account; a store of value; and, occasionally in the past,...
or economic support. - Are politically deemed to be without sufficient powerPower (sociology)Power is a measurement of an entity's ability to control its environment, including the behavior of other entities. The term authority is often used for power perceived as legitimate by the social structure. Power can be seen as evil or unjust, but the exercise of power is accepted as endemic to...
or other means of influence..
Economically disadvantaged
In common usage "the disadvantaged" is a generic term for those "from lower-income backgrounds" or "the Disadvantaged Poor".The "economically disadvantaged" is a term used by government institutions in for example allocating free school meals to "a student who is a member of a household that meets the income eligibility guidelines for free or reduced-price meals (less than or equal to 185% of Federal Poverty Guidelines)"http://www.tea.state.tx.us/adhocrpt/adstc04.html or business grants http://www.mmd.admin.state.mn.us/lsalist.htm.
The "disadvantaged" is often applied in a third world context and typically relate to women with reduced "upward mobility" suffering social exclusion and having limited access to natural resources and economic opportunities. They are often landless or marginal farmers operating on the most unproductive land.
Statistically a person born into poverty
Poverty
Poverty is the lack of a certain amount of material possessions or money. Absolute poverty or destitution is inability to afford basic human needs, which commonly includes clean and fresh water, nutrition, health care, education, clothing and shelter. About 1.7 billion people are estimated to live...
is likely to die
Death
Death is the permanent termination of the biological functions that sustain a living organism. Phenomena which commonly bring about death include old age, predation, malnutrition, disease, and accidents or trauma resulting in terminal injury....
there and have child
Child
Biologically, a child is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty. Some vernacular definitions of a child include the fetus, as being an unborn child. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority...
ren who live
Life
Life is a characteristic that distinguishes objects that have signaling and self-sustaining processes from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased , or else because they lack such functions and are classified as inanimate...
powerless as well.
According to Paul Krugman
Paul Krugman
Paul Robin Krugman is an American economist, professor of Economics and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, Centenary Professor at the London School of Economics, and an op-ed columnist for The New York Times...
in an October 2002 article
Essay
An essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition...
titled "about the distribution of wealth"
, there is even more of a divide between the classes today than in the 1920s, meaning that the disadvantaged are becoming more economically disadvantaged.
The current economy
Economics
Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek from + , hence "rules of the house"...
in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
is one that has divided the rich
Wealth
Wealth is the abundance of valuable resources or material possessions. The word wealth is derived from the old English wela, which is from an Indo-European word stem...
and the poor, with the rich taking the bulk of the gains in productivity
Productivity
Productivity is a measure of the efficiency of production. Productivity is a ratio of what is produced to what is required to produce it. Usually this ratio is in the form of an average, expressing the total output divided by the total input...
of the last several decades.
The majority of those termed as disadvantaged live in the developing world
Third World
The term Third World arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either capitalism and NATO , or communism and the Soviet Union...
with no or insufficient readily available running water
Running Water
Running Water may be:* Running Water, Tennessee, former name of Whiteside, Tennessee* Running Water, South Dakota, a community in Bon Homme County, South Dakota* "Running Water" from the 1983 album The Present...
, electricity
Electricity
Electricity is a general term encompassing a variety of phenomena resulting from the presence and flow of electric charge. These include many easily recognizable phenomena, such as lightning, static electricity, and the flow of electrical current in an electrical wire...
or sanitation
Sanitation
Sanitation is the hygienic means of promoting health through prevention of human contact with the hazards of wastes. Hazards can be either physical, microbiological, biological or chemical agents of disease. Wastes that can cause health problems are human and animal feces, solid wastes, domestic...
.
Many disadvantaged groups are also not recognized as disadvantaged, thus giving a disadvantage when they are denied access for tools of self-sufficiency. One example is gender. Such groups are low Socio-economic status and racialized males, especially non-custodial fathers, as well as women choosing traditional gender role
Gender role
Gender roles refer to the set of social and behavioral norms that are considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex in the context of a specific culture, which differ widely between cultures and over time...
s.
Disadvantaged area
Many governments use Disadvantaged area as a designation for various "problem" areas. In the UK "disadvantaged area" is a term used for an area where there is a need "to stimulate the physical, economic and social regeneration" by attracting development and encouraging the purchase of residential and commercial properties http://www.taxationweb.co.uk/stampduties/news.php?id=143 in special provisions for Stamp Tax reliefand for areas where health is an issue. In the US The "Nursing Relief for Disadvantaged Areas
Act" allowed qualifying hospitals to employ temporary foreign workers as Registered Nurses (RNs).
See also
- PovertyPovertyPoverty is the lack of a certain amount of material possessions or money. Absolute poverty or destitution is inability to afford basic human needs, which commonly includes clean and fresh water, nutrition, health care, education, clothing and shelter. About 1.7 billion people are estimated to live...
- Destitute
- Disabled
- Social exclusionSocial exclusionSocial exclusion is a concept used in many parts of the world to characterise contemporary forms of social disadvantage. Dr. Lynn Todman, director of the Institute on Social Exclusion at the Adler School of Professional Psychology, suggests that social exclusion refers to processes in which...
- Social vulnerabilitySocial vulnerabilityIn its broadest sense, social vulnerability is one dimension of vulnerability to multiple stressors and shocks, including abuse, social exclusion and natural hazards. Social vulnerability refers to the inability of people, organizations, and societies to withstand adverse impacts from multiple...