Dimitrij Andrusov
Encyclopedia
Dimitrij Andrusov was a Slovak
geologist
, member of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
. He was first professor of geology on Slovak colleges. He is considered the founder of modern Slovak geology.
) in former Russian Empire. He was a grandson of Heinrich Schliemann
and son of geologist Nicolai Ivanovich Andrusov
. In 1915-1918 he studied on the University in Saint Petersburg
. Later in 1920-1922 on Sorbonne University in France
. He continued his studies on the Faculty of Chemical Technology on Czech Technical University
in Prague
and graduated there in 1925. Since 1929 he worked in the Technical University.
Following the closure of Czech higher education during the German occupation of the country, he has gone to Slovakia
, where he worked since 1938 at the Slovak Technical University
in Bratislava
. Since 1940 he began to work at the same time on the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the Comenius University
in the office of head of Geological and Paleontological Institute. He was the first professor of geology working on Slovak colleges. In the same time, with help of Imrich Karvaš, he contributed to the establishment of the Slovak geological survey which he led in the years 1940 to 1945. In 1952 Andrusov became head of Department of Geology at the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the Comenius University and remained in office until 1970. As the teacher he wrote several textbooks and teaching texts, in addition to teaching students of geology and geological mapping, he personally led courses and field excursions, where he imparted his knowledge in practice. He was also the founder and in the years 1957-1958 first director of the Geological Laboratory, which was later transformed into the Geological Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences
.
, stratigraphy
, tectonics
, paleontology
, geology of deposits and engineering geology. He studied the Klippen
and Flysch belt of the Western Carpathians
, but also Central Western Carpathians and especially the Subtatric nappes. He justify the existence of large nappe
s in the Western Carpathians and extent of several orogenetic phases. He also allocated a number of tectonic units and brought paleogeographic picture of the Carpathian geosyncline
during the Mesozoic
. The results of his research enhanced knowledge of particular tectonic and stratigraphic units of the Western Carpathians and became the foundation of the modern understanding of their structure and relationship to adjacent geological units.
Her scientific work is ranked among the leading European geologists. The results of his research was summarized in a five volume monograph The Geological research of Klippen zone of the Western Carpathians (1931 - 1955), Apercu de la Géologie des Carpathes occidentales de la Slovauie centrale (1931), three volumes of The Geology of Czechoslovak Carpathians (1958 - 1965) and monograph Grundriss der Tektonik der Nördlichen Karpaten (1968), which is considered one of the highlights of synthesis of the tectonic structure of the Western Carpathians based on the principles of the geosyncline theory. He was the author of many other monographic works and about 250 papers in scientific journals in Czechoslovakia and abroad. In addition to scientific activities he also solved practical geological tasks related to construction of dams, railways, tunnels and searching for non-metallic deposits.
Slovaks
The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...
geologist
Geologist
A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it. Geologists usually engage in studying geology. Geologists, studying more of an applied science than a theoretical one, must approach Geology using...
, member of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
Slovak Academy of Sciences
The Slovak Academy of Sciences SAV is the main scientific and research institution in Slovakia fostering basic and strategic basic research...
. He was first professor of geology on Slovak colleges. He is considered the founder of modern Slovak geology.
Life
Dimitrij Andrusov was born on November 7, 1897 in the former Yuryev (today TartuTartu
Tartu is the second largest city of Estonia. In contrast to Estonia's political and financial capital Tallinn, Tartu is often considered the intellectual and cultural hub, especially since it is home to Estonia's oldest and most renowned university. Situated 186 km southeast of Tallinn, the...
) in former Russian Empire. He was a grandson of Heinrich Schliemann
Heinrich Schliemann
Heinrich Schliemann was a German businessman and amateur archaeologist, and an advocate of the historical reality of places mentioned in the works of Homer. Schliemann was an archaeological excavator of Troy, along with the Mycenaean sites Mycenae and Tiryns...
and son of geologist Nicolai Ivanovich Andrusov
Nicolai Ivanovich Andrusov
Nicolai Ivanovich Andrusov was a Russian geologist, stratigrapher, and palaeontologist.He was born in Odessa, then a part of Russia. He studied geology and zoology at the Novorossia University in Odessa...
. In 1915-1918 he studied on the University in Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
. Later in 1920-1922 on Sorbonne University in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. He continued his studies on the Faculty of Chemical Technology on Czech Technical University
Czech Technical University in Prague
Czech Technical University in Prague is one of the largest universities in the Czech Republic, and the oldest institute of technology in Central Europe....
in Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
and graduated there in 1925. Since 1929 he worked in the Technical University.
Following the closure of Czech higher education during the German occupation of the country, he has gone to Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
, where he worked since 1938 at the Slovak Technical University
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava is the most significant university of technology in Slovakia.- University structure :* Faculty of Civil Engineering* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering...
in Bratislava
Bratislava
Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and, with a population of about 431,000, also the country's largest city. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia on both banks of the Danube River. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two independent countries.Bratislava...
. Since 1940 he began to work at the same time on the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the Comenius University
Comenius University in Bratislava
Comenius University in Bratislava is the largest university in Slovakia, with most of its faculties located in Bratislava. It was founded in 1919, shortly after the creation of Czechoslovakia. It is named after Jan Amos Comenius, a 17th century Czech teacher and philosopher.In 2006, Comenius...
in the office of head of Geological and Paleontological Institute. He was the first professor of geology working on Slovak colleges. In the same time, with help of Imrich Karvaš, he contributed to the establishment of the Slovak geological survey which he led in the years 1940 to 1945. In 1952 Andrusov became head of Department of Geology at the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the Comenius University and remained in office until 1970. As the teacher he wrote several textbooks and teaching texts, in addition to teaching students of geology and geological mapping, he personally led courses and field excursions, where he imparted his knowledge in practice. He was also the founder and in the years 1957-1958 first director of the Geological Laboratory, which was later transformed into the Geological Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences
Slovak Academy of Sciences
The Slovak Academy of Sciences SAV is the main scientific and research institution in Slovakia fostering basic and strategic basic research...
.
Scientific activities
His research interests have been multilateral. His wide interests were devoted to geologyGeology
Geology is the science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which it evolves. Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth, as it provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates...
, stratigraphy
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy, a branch of geology, studies rock layers and layering . It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks....
, tectonics
Tectonics
Tectonics is a field of study within geology concerned generally with the structures within the lithosphere of the Earth and particularly with the forces and movements that have operated in a region to create these structures.Tectonics is concerned with the orogenies and tectonic development of...
, paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology "old, ancient", ὄν, ὀντ- "being, creature", and λόγος "speech, thought") is the study of prehistoric life. It includes the study of fossils to determine organisms' evolution and interactions with each other and their environments...
, geology of deposits and engineering geology. He studied the Klippen
Pieniny Klippen Belt
The Pieniny Klippen Belt is in geology a tectonically and orographically remarkable zone in the Western Carpathians, with a very complex geological structure...
and Flysch belt of the Western Carpathians
Western Carpathians
The Western Carpathians are a mountain range and geomorphological province that forms the western part of the Carpathian Mountains.The mountain belt stretches from the Low Beskids range of the Eastern Carpathians along the border of Poland with Slovakia toward the Moravian region of the Czech...
, but also Central Western Carpathians and especially the Subtatric nappes. He justify the existence of large nappe
Nappe
In geology, a nappe is a large sheetlike body of rock that has been moved more than or 5 km from its original position. Nappes form during continental plate collisions, when folds are sheared so much that they fold back over on themselves and break apart. The resulting structure is a...
s in the Western Carpathians and extent of several orogenetic phases. He also allocated a number of tectonic units and brought paleogeographic picture of the Carpathian geosyncline
Geosyncline
In geology, geosyncline is a term still occasionally used for a subsiding linear trough that was caused by the accumulation of sedimentary rock strata deposited in a basin and subsequently compressed, deformed, and uplifted into a mountain range, with attendant volcanism and plutonism...
during the Mesozoic
Mesozoic
The Mesozoic era is an interval of geological time from about 250 million years ago to about 65 million years ago. It is often referred to as the age of reptiles because reptiles, namely dinosaurs, were the dominant terrestrial and marine vertebrates of the time...
. The results of his research enhanced knowledge of particular tectonic and stratigraphic units of the Western Carpathians and became the foundation of the modern understanding of their structure and relationship to adjacent geological units.
Her scientific work is ranked among the leading European geologists. The results of his research was summarized in a five volume monograph The Geological research of Klippen zone of the Western Carpathians (1931 - 1955), Apercu de la Géologie des Carpathes occidentales de la Slovauie centrale (1931), three volumes of The Geology of Czechoslovak Carpathians (1958 - 1965) and monograph Grundriss der Tektonik der Nördlichen Karpaten (1968), which is considered one of the highlights of synthesis of the tectonic structure of the Western Carpathians based on the principles of the geosyncline theory. He was the author of many other monographic works and about 250 papers in scientific journals in Czechoslovakia and abroad. In addition to scientific activities he also solved practical geological tasks related to construction of dams, railways, tunnels and searching for non-metallic deposits.