Costume Designer - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

A costume designer or costume mistress/master is a person whose responsibility is to design costume

Costume

The term costume can refer to wardrobe and dress in general, or to the distinctive style of dress of a particular people, class, or period. Costume may also refer to the artistic arrangement of accessories in a picture, statue, poem, or play, appropriate to the time, place, or other circumstances...

s for a film

Film

A film, also called a movie or motion picture, is a series of still or moving images. It is produced by recording photographic images with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or visual effects...

or stage

Stage (theatre)

In theatre or performance arts, the stage is a designated space for the performance productions. The stage serves as a space for actors or performers and a focal point for the members of the audience...

production. He or she is considered an important part of the "production team", working alongside the director, scenic

Scenic design

Scenic design is the creation of theatrical, as well as film or television scenery. Scenic designers have traditionally come from a variety of artistic backgrounds, but nowadays, generally speaking, they are trained professionals, often with M.F.A...

and lighting designer

Lighting designer

The role of the lighting designer within theatre is to work with the director, choreographer, set designer, costume designer, and sound designer to create an overall 'look' for the show in response to the text, while keeping in mind issues of visibility, safety and cost...

s as well as the sound designer. The costume designer might also collaborate with a hair/wig master or a makeup designer. In European theatre the role is somewhat different as the theatre designer will design both costume and scenic elements.

Costume designers will typically seek to enhance a character's personality, and/or to create an evolving plot of colour, changing social status or period through the visual design of garments and other means of dressing, distorting and enhancing the body - within the framework of the director's vision. At the same time, the designer must ensure that the designs allow the actor to move in a manner consistent with the historical period and enables the actor to execute the director's blocking of the production without damage to the garments. Additional considerations include the durability and washability of garments, particularly in extended runs. The designer must work in consultation with not only the director, but the set and lighting designers to ensure that the overall design of the production works together. The designer needs to possess strong artistic capabilities as well as a thorough knowledge of pattern development, draping, drafting, textiles and costume/fashion history as well as awareness of poise when in period dress, and be sensitive to the creative direction that the performer wants to take his/her character.

Responsibilities

A costume designer creates the look of a character in film , television or in a stage production and in plays.
Their main duties are...

1. Read and analyze the script.

2. Work closely with the director and other designers (set designer, lighting designer, make-up artist) on the production team to develop design concepts.

3. Do research to flesh out design concepts. (for example, geographical setting, time period, characters and their relationships and actions)

4. Produce drawings and color renderings of costumes.

5. Meet with the wardrobe manager and head cutter to discuss each design.

6. Purchase fabrics, new or used clothing and accessories.(Along with prop ideas)

7. Develop and implement a budget for costume-related expenses.

8. Develop patterns for costumes if it is necessary.

9. Attend fittings and rehearsals. (for theatre, dance or opera productions).

d. In America, costume designs (and designers and scenic artists) are represented by International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employes

International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employes

The International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, or I.A.T.S.E., is a labor union representing technicians, artisans and craftspersons in the entertainment industry, including live theatre, motion...

, United Scenic Artists

United Scenic Artists

United Scenic Artists local USA 829, is a United States labor union of designers and artists in the entertainment industry. It is a nationwide autonomous Local of the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employes...

Local 829.

Types of costume designer

Professional costume designers generally fall into three types: freelance, residential, and academic.

A freelance designer is hired for a specific production by a theatre, dance or opera company, and may or may not actually be local to the theatre that he or she is designing for. A freelancer is traditionally paid in three instalments: Upon hire, on the delivery of final renderings, and opening night of the production. Freelancers are not obligated to any exclusivity in what projects they are working on, and may be designing for several theatres concurrently.

A residential designer is hired by a specific theatre, dance or opera company for an extended series of productions. This can be as short as a summer stock contract, or may be for many years. A residential designer's contract may limit the amounts of freelance work they are allowed to accept. Unlike the freelancer, a residential designer is consistently "on location" at the theater, and is readily at hand to work with the costume studio and his or her other collaborators. Residential designers tend to be more established than strict freelancers, but this is not always the case.

An academic designer is one who holds professorship at a school. The designer is primarily an instructor, but may also act as a residential designer to varying degrees. They are often free to freelance, as their schedule allows. In the past, professors of costume design were mostly experienced professionals that may or may not have had formal post-graduate education, but it has now become increasingly common to require a professor to have at least a Master of Fine Arts
Master of Fine Arts
A Master of Fine Arts is a graduate degree typically requiring 2–3 years of postgraduate study beyond the bachelor's degree , although the term of study will vary by country or by university. The MFA is usually awarded in visual arts, creative writing, filmmaking, dance, or theatre/performing arts...

in order to teach.

Both residential and academic designers are generally also required to act as Shop Master or Mistress of an onsite costume shop, in addition to designing productions. In a resident theatre, there is almost always a shop staff of stitchers, drapers, cutters and craft artisans. In an academic environment the shop "staff" is generally students, who are learning about costume design and construction. Most universities require costume design students to work a specified number of hours in the shop as part of their course work.

USA

United Scenic Artists

is the union that represents costume designers. Although most professional designers are union members, USA has relatively few collective bargaining

Collective bargaining

Collective bargaining is a process of negotiations between employers and the representatives of a unit of employees aimed at reaching agreements that regulate working conditions...

agreements with theatres when compared with other theatrical unions. However, most major US opera companies do have CBAs with USA. The majority of union contract work for designers is on a project by project basis, not as a part of Collective Bargaining Agreements with theatrical establishments.

Theater

Theoni V. Aldredge
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Theoni V. Aldredge was a Greek-American stage and screen costume designer.Born Theoni Athanasiou Vachlioti in Thessaloniki in 1922, Aldredge received her training at the American School in Athens. She emigrated to the United States in 1949 and attended the Goodman Theatre at DePaul University,...

: Annie
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Desmond Heeley: Brigadoon
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Gregg Barnes
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Jane Greenwood
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: The Will Rogers Follies
Gregory Gale
Gregory Gale
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: Jelly's Last Jam
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Film and television

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.
Colleen Atwood
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: Chicago (2002)
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, Memoirs of a Geisha (2005)
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, Alice in Wonderland (2010)
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: My Fair Lady
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, Gigi
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Jenny Beavan
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: Howards End
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, Sense and Sensibility
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William Travilla
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: How to Marry a Millionaire
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Milena Canonero
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: A Clockwork Orange
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, The Godfather, Part III, Marie Antoinette
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Ngila Dickson
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: The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
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, The Last Samurai
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Danilo Donati
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: Romeo and Juliet
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James Galanos
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: Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feelin' So Sad
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Adrian Greenburg: The Wizard of Oz
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, Marie Antoinette
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Valerie Halverson: Stargate: Atlantis
Julia: Darling, A Hard Day's Night
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, Goodbye, Mr. Chips
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, The Slipper and the Rose
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Edith Head
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: Sabrina (1954)
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, The Sting
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, Lady in the Dark
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, Emporer Waltz, the Hurrricane
Dorothy Jeakins
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: From Here to Eternity
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Orry-Kelly
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: An American in Paris
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, Gypsy
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Walter Plunkett
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: Gone with the Wind
Gone with the Wind (film)
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, Singin' in the Rain
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Sandy Powell
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: The Wings of the Dove, Shakespeare in Love
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Ann Roth
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: The English Patient
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Irene Sharaff
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: Call Me Madam
Call Me Madam
Call Me Madam is a musical with a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse and music and lyrics by Irving Berlin.A satire on politics and foreign affairs that spoofs America's penchant for lending billions of dollars to needy countries, it centers on Sally Adams, a well-meaning but ill-informed...

, Guys and Dolls
Guys and Dolls (film)
Guys and Dolls is a 1955 musical film starring Marlon Brando, Jean Simmons, Frank Sinatra and Vivian Blaine. The film was made by the Samuel Goldwyn Company and distributed by MGM. It was produced by Samuel Goldwyn, and directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, who also wrote the screenplay...
Theadora van Runkle
Theadora Van Runkle
Theadora Van Runkle was an American costume designer. The first films she designed costumes for was Bonnie and Clyde , The Thomas Crown Affair and The Arrangement . Theodora Van Runkle designed the gown Faye Dunaway wore to the 1968 Oscars...

: Bonnie and Clyde
Bonnie and Clyde (film)
The film was originally offered to François Truffaut, the best-known director of the New Wave movement, who made contributions to the script. He passed on the project to make Fahrenheit 451. The producers approached Jean-Luc Godard next...
Hazel Webb-Crozier
Hazel Webb-Crozier
Hazel Webb-Crozier is an award winning international costume designer from Belfast, Northern Ireland.Since 1990, Hazel has been involved with costume design for the British and Irish film and television industries and in 2005 won her first IFTA for her work on Mickybo and Me, a film telling the...

: Mickybo and Me
Mickybo and Me
Mickybo and Me is a 2004 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Terry Loane and based on the stage play Mojo Mickybo by Owen McCafferty...

, Closing the Ring
Closing the Ring
Closing the Ring is a film directed by Richard Attenborough and starring Shirley MacLaine, Christopher Plummer, Mischa Barton, Stephen Amell, Neve Campbell, Pete Postlethwaite, and Brenda Fricker....

, Your Highness
Your Highness
Your Highness is a 2011 fantasy comedy film directed by David Gordon Green, written by Danny McBride and Ben Best, and starring McBride, James Franco, Natalie Portman, and Zooey Deschanel. Filming began in the summer of 2009 in Northern Ireland and concluded in October 2009...

Theatre and Opera

Madeleine Boyd
Madeleine Boyd
Madeleine Boyd is an award winning British set and costume designer who trained in Theatre Design at Central St. Martins College of Art and Design and graduated in 2001.- Career:...

: Pelléas et Mélisande
Pelléas et Mélisande (opera)
Pelléas et Mélisande is an opera in five acts with music by Claude Debussy. The French libretto was adapted from Maurice Maeterlinck's Symbolist play Pelléas et Mélisande...

, Orfeo ed Euridice
Orfeo ed Euridice
Orfeo ed Euridice is an opera composed by Christoph Willibald Gluck based on the myth of Orpheus, set to a libretto by Ranieri de' Calzabigi. It belongs to the genre of the azione teatrale, meaning an opera on a mythological subject with choruses and dancing...

, La Gazzetta
La Gazzetta
La gazzetta, ossia Il matrimonio per concorso is an opera buffa by Gioachino Rossini. The libretto was by Giuseppe Palomba after Carlo Goldoni's play Il matrimonio per concorso of 1763....

, Partenope
Partenope
Partenope is an opera by George Frideric Handel, first performed at the King's Theatre in London on 24 February 1730.-Background:...

, Peter Grimes
Peter Grimes
Peter Grimes is an opera by Benjamin Britten, with a libretto adapted by Montagu Slater from the Peter Grimes section of George Crabbe's poem The Borough...

, La scala di seta
La scala di seta
La scala di seta is an operatic farsa comica in one act by Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Giuseppe Maria Foppa. It was first performed in Venice, Italy at the Teatro San Moisè on May 9, 1812...

External links

Costume Designers Guild