Codex Ebnerianus
Encyclopedia
Codex Ebnerianus, Minuscule 105 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 257 (Soden), is a Greek language
illuminated manuscript
of the New Testament
, though missing the Book of Revelation
.
Formerly it was labeled by 105e, 48a, and 24p.
at the start of the 12thC during the Comnenian Period
. It is unique amongst surviving Greek New Testament manuscripts in that it places author portraits
before each epistle, act
and gospel
, as opposed to just the gospels. This manuscript gives a good example of Greek calligraphy of the 12th century.
The text is written in 1 column per page, 27 lines per page, on 426 parchment leaves (20.5 by 16 cm). Capital letters in gold.
The book itself was bound in silver inlaid with ivory and comprises 426 leaves of vellum
in quarto
(20.5 by 16 cm). It contains Epistula ad Carpianum
, the Eusebian Tables, tables of the κεφαλαια, the τιτλοι, numbers of the κεφαλαια at the margin, the Ammonian Sections
, but not o references to the Eusebian Canons, subscriptions at the end, στιχοι
, and the Nicene Creed
all in gold.
Synaxarion and Menologion were added by Joasaph, a calligraphist, in 1391, who also added John 8:3-11 at the end of that Gospel.
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
. Aland
placed it in Category V. It belongs to the textual family Family Kx
.
diplomat and German Enlightenment historian, who founded a library using his extensive collection.
Formerly it was labeled by 105e, 48a, and 24p. In 1908 Gregory gave for it number 105.
It is currently housed at the Bodleian Library
, Oxford
, (MS. Auct. T. inf. 1. 10).
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
illuminated manuscript
Illuminated manuscript
An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as decorated initials, borders and miniature illustrations...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, though missing the Book of Revelation
Book of Revelation
The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament. The title came into usage from the first word of the book in Koine Greek: apokalupsis, meaning "unveiling" or "revelation"...
.
Formerly it was labeled by 105e, 48a, and 24p.
Description
It is believed written in ConstantinopleConstantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
at the start of the 12thC during the Comnenian Period
Komnenos
Komnenós or Comnenus was the name of a ruling family of the Eastern Roman Empire , who halted the political decline of the Empire from c.1081 to c.1185.-Origins:...
. It is unique amongst surviving Greek New Testament manuscripts in that it places author portraits
Evangelist portrait
Evangelist portraits are a specific type of miniature included in ancient and mediæval illuminated manuscript Gospel Books, and later in Bibles and other books, as well as other media. Each Gospel of the Four Evangelists, the books of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, may be prefaced by a portrait of...
before each epistle, act
Acts of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...
and gospel
Gospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
, as opposed to just the gospels. This manuscript gives a good example of Greek calligraphy of the 12th century.
The text is written in 1 column per page, 27 lines per page, on 426 parchment leaves (20.5 by 16 cm). Capital letters in gold.
The book itself was bound in silver inlaid with ivory and comprises 426 leaves of vellum
Vellum
Vellum is mammal skin prepared for writing or printing on, to produce single pages, scrolls, codices or books. It is generally smooth and durable, although there are great variations depending on preparation, the quality of the skin and the type of animal used...
in quarto
Quarto
Quarto could refer to:* Quarto, a size or format of a book in which four leaves of a book are created from a standard size sheet of paper* For specific information about quarto texts of William Shakespeare's works, see:...
(20.5 by 16 cm). It contains Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, the Eusebian Tables, tables of the κεφαλαια, the τιτλοι, numbers of the κεφαλαια at the margin, the Ammonian Sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
, but not o references to the Eusebian Canons, subscriptions at the end, στιχοι
Stichometry
Stichometry is a term applied to the measurement of ancient texts by στίχοι or verses of a fixed standard length.It was the custom of the Greeks and Romans to estimate the length of their literary works by measured lines...
, and the Nicene Creed
Nicene Creed
The Nicene Creed is the creed or profession of faith that is most widely used in Christian liturgy. It is called Nicene because, in its original form, it was adopted in the city of Nicaea by the first ecumenical council, which met there in the year 325.The Nicene Creed has been normative to the...
all in gold.
Synaxarion and Menologion were added by Joasaph, a calligraphist, in 1391, who also added John 8:3-11 at the end of that Gospel.
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
Byzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V. It belongs to the textual family Family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
.
History
The codex is named after Hieronymus Wilhelm Ebner von Eschenbach (1673–1752); a NurembergNuremberg
Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...
diplomat and German Enlightenment historian, who founded a library using his extensive collection.
Formerly it was labeled by 105e, 48a, and 24p. In 1908 Gregory gave for it number 105.
It is currently housed at the Bodleian Library
Bodleian Library
The Bodleian Library , the main research library of the University of Oxford, is one of the oldest libraries in Europe, and in Britain is second in size only to the British Library...
, Oxford
Oxford
The city of Oxford is the county town of Oxfordshire, England. The city, made prominent by its medieval university, has a population of just under 165,000, with 153,900 living within the district boundary. It lies about 50 miles north-west of London. The rivers Cherwell and Thames run through...
, (MS. Auct. T. inf. 1. 10).