Cleveland Heights, Ohio
Encyclopedia
Cleveland Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County
, Ohio
, United States
, a suburb of Cleveland. The city's population was 46,121 at the 2010 census.
According to the United States Census Bureau
, the city has a total area of 8.1 square miles (21 km²), of which 0.04 square mile (0.1035995244 km²), or 0.25%, is water. Cleveland Heights is mostly within the Dugway Brook Watershed
.
. The first road through what is today the city, Mayfield Road, was not built until 1828. Besides farms the area also had quarries in the 19th century.
One of the early quarries was established by Duncan McFarland that mined bluestone
. This led to the settlement that grew up around the quarry for the works to live in to be referred to as Bluestone. There is still a road of this name in that area.
John D. Rockefeller
arrived in what is today Cleveland Heights in 1873. He had a large estate of 700 acres (2.8 km²) and in 1938 donated the land of what is now Forest Hill Park that straddles the boundaries of Cleveland Heights and East Cleveland
. There had been quarries within what is today Forest Hill Park previous to Rockefeller donating it to the city.
Rockefeller was not the only affluent Clevelander to come to what is now Cleveland Heights. The Euclid Heights development was created by Patrick Calhoun starting in 1892. It was centered around the Euclid Golf Course and began at the Cleveland city line, covering the area between Mayfield Road and Cedar Road as far east as Coventry Road. There was a streetcar line from this location running into the center of Cleveland's business district.
In 1898 Marcus M. Brown began the development of Mayfield Heights along the north side of Mayfield Road just beyond the Cleveland boundary and to take advantage of the Mayfield Road streetcar. Brown had purchased this land from Emil Preyer and his sister Mary Preyer Hellwig. Emil had operated a cedar mill.
By the end of 1899 the streetcar reached out along Mayfield Road to the old village of Fairmount. In 1903 the village of Cleveland Heights was incorporated.
In 1910 Cleveland Heights had a population about 5,000 people. It had a population of 15,396 in 1920 and was incorporated as a city on August 9, 1921. By 1960 it had a population of 61,813.
of 2000, there were 49,958 people, 20,913 households, and 12,171 families residing in the city. The population density
was 6,160.2 people per square mile (2,378.4/km²). There were 21,798 housing units at an average density of 2,687.9 per square mile (1,037.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 52.50% White, 41.78% African American, 0.16% Native American, 2.56% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.68% from other races
, and 2.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.58% of the population.
There were 20,913 households out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.2% were married couples
living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.8% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the city the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $46,731, and the median income for a family was $58,028. Males had a median income of $41,787 versus $32,413 for females. The per capita income
for the city was $25,804. About 7.4% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.6% of those under age 18 and 15.2% of those age 65 or over.
adopted in 1921 and amended in 1972, 1982 and 1986. The charter specifies a council-manager
form of government, with seven members of council elected to four year terms. Four members of Council are elected the year following a presidential election, and three the year following a gubernatorial election. All are elected using plurality at-large
non-partisan voting. The mayor
is elected by council from among its members and has additional duties including parliamentary and ceremonial responsibilities.
Cleveland Heights is reliably Democratic
. All seven members of Council are Democrats. In the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama
defeated John McCain
84.2%-15.0%, while in the 2004 presidential election, John Kerry
defeated George W. Bush
80.8%-18.8% in the city. All of Cleveland Heights is in the 11th congressional district
, a seat currently held by Marcia Fudge, elected in a special election following the death of Rep. Stephanie Tubbs Jones
.
The current City Council is composed of the mayor Edward J. Kelley, Kenneth Montlack, Phyllis L. Evans, Jason S. Stein, Bonita W. Caplan, Dennis R. Wilcox, and Cheryl L. Stephens.
, while a small portion located on the northwest side of the city lies within the East Cleveland City School District.
Several private schools are located within the city, including Beaumont School, Lutheran High School East
, Horizon Montessori, Ruffing Montessori
, Hebrew Academy of Cleveland
, Saint Ann School
, and Mosdos Ohr Hatorah
.
Cuyahoga County, Ohio
Cuyahoga County is a county located in the state of Ohio, United States. It is the most populous county in Ohio; as of the 2010 census, the population was 1,280,122. Its county seat is Cleveland. Cuyahoga County is part of Greater Cleveland, a metropolitan area, and Northeast Ohio, a...
, Ohio
Ohio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,it is the 7th‑most populous with over 11.5 million residents, containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more.The state's capital is Columbus...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, a suburb of Cleveland. The city's population was 46,121 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Cleveland Heights is located at 41°30′35"N 81°33′48"W (41.509652, -81.563301).According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the city has a total area of 8.1 square miles (21 km²), of which 0.04 square mile (0.1035995244 km²), or 0.25%, is water. Cleveland Heights is mostly within the Dugway Brook Watershed
Dugway Brook Watershed
The Dugway Brook Watershed is a nine-square mile basin in Cleveland, Ohio and its east side suburbs, draining storm runoff into Dugway Brook and feeding into Lake Erie...
.
History
The area that is now Cleveland Heights was settled by Euro-American farmers later than most of Cuyahoga CountyCuyahoga County, Ohio
Cuyahoga County is a county located in the state of Ohio, United States. It is the most populous county in Ohio; as of the 2010 census, the population was 1,280,122. Its county seat is Cleveland. Cuyahoga County is part of Greater Cleveland, a metropolitan area, and Northeast Ohio, a...
. The first road through what is today the city, Mayfield Road, was not built until 1828. Besides farms the area also had quarries in the 19th century.
One of the early quarries was established by Duncan McFarland that mined bluestone
Bluestone
Bluestone is a cultural or commercial name for a number of dimension or building stone varieties, including:*a feldspathic sandstone in the U.S. and Canada;*limestone in the Shenandoah Valley in the U.S...
. This led to the settlement that grew up around the quarry for the works to live in to be referred to as Bluestone. There is still a road of this name in that area.
John D. Rockefeller
John D. Rockefeller
John Davison Rockefeller was an American oil industrialist, investor, and philanthropist. He was the founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust. Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of...
arrived in what is today Cleveland Heights in 1873. He had a large estate of 700 acres (2.8 km²) and in 1938 donated the land of what is now Forest Hill Park that straddles the boundaries of Cleveland Heights and East Cleveland
East Cleveland, Ohio
East Cleveland is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States, and is the first suburb of Cleveland, Ohio. The population was 17,843 at the 2010 census....
. There had been quarries within what is today Forest Hill Park previous to Rockefeller donating it to the city.
Rockefeller was not the only affluent Clevelander to come to what is now Cleveland Heights. The Euclid Heights development was created by Patrick Calhoun starting in 1892. It was centered around the Euclid Golf Course and began at the Cleveland city line, covering the area between Mayfield Road and Cedar Road as far east as Coventry Road. There was a streetcar line from this location running into the center of Cleveland's business district.
In 1898 Marcus M. Brown began the development of Mayfield Heights along the north side of Mayfield Road just beyond the Cleveland boundary and to take advantage of the Mayfield Road streetcar. Brown had purchased this land from Emil Preyer and his sister Mary Preyer Hellwig. Emil had operated a cedar mill.
By the end of 1899 the streetcar reached out along Mayfield Road to the old village of Fairmount. In 1903 the village of Cleveland Heights was incorporated.
In 1910 Cleveland Heights had a population about 5,000 people. It had a population of 15,396 in 1920 and was incorporated as a city on August 9, 1921. By 1960 it had a population of 61,813.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 49,958 people, 20,913 households, and 12,171 families residing in the city. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 6,160.2 people per square mile (2,378.4/km²). There were 21,798 housing units at an average density of 2,687.9 per square mile (1,037.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 52.50% White, 41.78% African American, 0.16% Native American, 2.56% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.68% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, and 2.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.58% of the population.
There were 20,913 households out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.2% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.8% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the city the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $46,731, and the median income for a family was $58,028. Males had a median income of $41,787 versus $32,413 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the city was $25,804. About 7.4% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.6% of those under age 18 and 15.2% of those age 65 or over.
Politics and government
Cleveland Heights is governed by a city charterMunicipal charter
A city charter or town charter is a legal document establishing a municipality such as a city or town. The concept developed in Europe during the middle ages....
adopted in 1921 and amended in 1972, 1982 and 1986. The charter specifies a council-manager
Council-manager government
The council–manager government form is one of two predominant forms of municipal government in the United States; the other common form of local government is the mayor-council government form, which characteristically occurs in large cities...
form of government, with seven members of council elected to four year terms. Four members of Council are elected the year following a presidential election, and three the year following a gubernatorial election. All are elected using plurality at-large
Plurality-at-large voting
Plurality-at-large voting is a non-proportional voting system for electing several representatives from a single multimember electoral district using a series of check boxes and tallying votes similar to a plurality election...
non-partisan voting. The mayor
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
is elected by council from among its members and has additional duties including parliamentary and ceremonial responsibilities.
Cleveland Heights is reliably Democratic
Democratic Party (United States)
The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The party's socially liberal and progressive platform is largely considered center-left in the U.S. political spectrum. The party has the lengthiest record of continuous...
. All seven members of Council are Democrats. In the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.Born in...
defeated John McCain
John McCain
John Sidney McCain III is the senior United States Senator from Arizona. He was the Republican nominee for president in the 2008 United States election....
84.2%-15.0%, while in the 2004 presidential election, John Kerry
John Kerry
John Forbes Kerry is the senior United States Senator from Massachusetts, the 10th most senior U.S. Senator and chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. He was the presidential nominee of the Democratic Party in the 2004 presidential election, but lost to former President George W...
defeated George W. Bush
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States, from 2001 to 2009. Before that, he was the 46th Governor of Texas, having served from 1995 to 2000....
80.8%-18.8% in the city. All of Cleveland Heights is in the 11th congressional district
Ohio's 11th congressional district
Ohio's 11th congressional district is represented by Representative Marcia Fudge, a Democrat, having been elected after the death of Stephanie Tubbs Jones. This district includes the East Side of Cleveland and much of the eastern suburbs in Cuyahoga County, and borders Lake Erie.Ohio has had at...
, a seat currently held by Marcia Fudge, elected in a special election following the death of Rep. Stephanie Tubbs Jones
Stephanie Tubbs Jones
Stephanie "Tubbs" Jones was a Democratic politician and member of the United States House of Representatives. She represented the 11th District of Ohio, which encompasses most of downtown and eastern Cleveland and many of the eastern suburbs in Cuyahoga County, including Euclid, Cleveland Heights,...
.
The current City Council is composed of the mayor Edward J. Kelley, Kenneth Montlack, Phyllis L. Evans, Jason S. Stein, Bonita W. Caplan, Dennis R. Wilcox, and Cheryl L. Stephens.
Education
Public education in the city of Cleveland Heights is provided by two school districts. Most of the city is served by the Cleveland Heights-University Heights City School DistrictCleveland Heights-University Heights City School District
The Cleveland Heights-University Heights City School District is a public school district based in University Heights, Ohio, United States.The district enrolls approximately 6,500 students and covers most of Cleveland Heights, all of University Heights, and a small portion of South...
, while a small portion located on the northwest side of the city lies within the East Cleveland City School District.
Several private schools are located within the city, including Beaumont School, Lutheran High School East
Lutheran High School East
Lutheran High School East, located in Cleveland Heights, Ohio, is affiliated with the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod . Its goal is to provide an "educationally rich experience in a Christ-centered environment"....
, Horizon Montessori, Ruffing Montessori
Ruffing Montessori
Ruffing Montessori School, the second Montessori school established in the United States, was begun in 1959 through the efforts of the Cleveland Montessori Association...
, Hebrew Academy of Cleveland
Hebrew Academy of Cleveland
The Hebrew Academy of Cleveland is a private, Orthodox Jewish day school in Cleveland Heights, Ohio.The Hebrew Academy was established in 1943 by the Telz Yeshiva. It was the first Jewish day school founded off the east coast. In 1947 a girl's division, Yavne, was added...
, Saint Ann School
Saint Ann School
Saint Ann's School located in Cleveland Heights, Ohio has grades kindergarten through eighth. It briefly had a pre-kindergarten in 2006. Grades 6-8 are located in the basement, K-2 on the first floor and 3-5 on the second. There are two classes per grade, excluding the second, seventh and eighth...
, and Mosdos Ohr Hatorah
Mosdos Ohr Hatorah
Mosdos Ohr Hatorah School is a private, Jewish school in Cleveland Heights, Ohio....
.
Surrounding communities
Sister cities
NovgorodVeliky NovgorodVeliky Novgorod is one of Russia's most historic cities and the administrative center of Novgorod Oblast. It is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and St. Petersburg. The city lies along the Volkhov River just below its outflow from Lake Ilmen...
, Russia- VolzhskyVolzhskyVolzhsky , Volzhskaya , or Volzhskoye may refer to:*Volzhsky District, name of several districts and city districts in Russia...
, Russia