Civitanova Marche
Encyclopedia
Civitanova Marche is a comune
(municipality) in the Province of Macerata
in the Italian
region Marche
, located about 40 km southeast of Ancona
and about 25 km east of Macerata
.
, Porto Sant'Elpidio
, Potenza Picena
and Sant'Elpidio a Mare
.
as Cluana by the Piceni
Italic tribe, at the mouth of the Chienti
river. The Romans
captured it in 268 BC
, and, in 50 AD
, founded a new settlement, Cluentis Vicus (the current frazione
of Civitanova Alta) on a hill near the sea. During the Barbaric invasion, old Cluana was destroyed by the Visigoths and much of the population took refuge in the Vicus.
In the Middle Ages
it was under the Aldonesi, da Varano
, Malatesta
, Sforza
and Visconti
. In 1440, under Francesco Sforza
, a new line of walls was built, while a fortress
was erected to protect the port. The city, attacked by Turk pirates and struck by inner feuds and by the plague, started to decay from the 16th century. In 1551 pope Julius III
ceded it to the Cesarini family. Made Dukes by pope Sixtus V
, the Cesarini enlarged the town with new walls, roads and palazzi
, although the population's conditions remained generally miserable. Civitanova had 6,057 inhabitants in 1782.
After the Italian unification
, Porto Civitanova and Civitanova Alta became a single commune in 1938. It is now a renowned vacation resort.
with:
Comune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
(municipality) in the Province of Macerata
Province of Macerata
The Province of Macerata is a province in the Marche region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Macerata.It has an area of 2,774 km², and a total population of 301,701 . There are 57 comunes in the province, see Comunes of the Province of Macerata.-External links:*...
in the Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
region Marche
Marche
The population density in the region is below the national average. In 2008, it was 161.5 inhabitants per km2, compared to the national figure of 198.8. It is highest in the province of Ancona , and lowest in the province of Macerata...
, located about 40 km southeast of Ancona
Ancona
Ancona is a city and a seaport in the Marche region, in central Italy, with a population of 101,909 . Ancona is the capital of the province of Ancona and of the region....
and about 25 km east of Macerata
Macerata
Macerata is a city and comune in central Italy, the capital of the province of Macerata in the Marche region.The historical city center is located on a hill between the Chienti and Potenza rivers. It consisted of the Picenes city named Ricina, then, after the romanization, Recina and Helvia Recina...
.
Geography
Civitanova Marche borders the following municipalities: MontecosaroMontecosaro
Montecosaro is a comune in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 35 km southeast of Ancona and about 15 km east of Macerata...
, Porto Sant'Elpidio
Porto Sant'Elpidio
Porto Sant'Elpidio is a coastal town in the province of Fermo, Marche, Italy. The commune is home to 25,071 inhabitants.-Geography:Porto Sant'Elpidio’s nearly eight km of coast once made the commune the most extensive in length in the province of Ascoli Piceno, but this is no longer true as it now...
, Potenza Picena
Potenza Picena
Potenza Picena is a comune in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region of Marche, located about 30 km southeast of Ancona and about 15 km northeast of Macerata.-External links:*...
and Sant'Elpidio a Mare
Sant'Elpidio a Mare
Sant'Elpidio a Mare is a town and comune in the province of Fermo, in the Marche region of Italy.-History:The town was originally named Cluana. The village of Cluana acquired Saint Elpidius' relics in the 7th century in exchange for the donation of a piece of land...
.
History
Civitanova was founded probably around the 8th century BC8th century BC
The 8th century BC started the first day of 800 BC and ended the last day of 701 BC.-Overview:The 8th century BC was a period of great changes in civilizations. In Egypt, the 23rd and 24th dynasties led to rule from Nubia in the 25th Dynasty...
as Cluana by the Piceni
Picenum
Picenum was a region of ancient Italy. The name is an exonym assigned by the Romans, who conquered and incorporated it into the Roman Republic. Picenum was the birthplace of such notables as Pompey the Great and his father Pompeius Strabo. It was situated in what is now Marche...
Italic tribe, at the mouth of the Chienti
Chienti
The Chienti is a river in the Marche region of Italy. Its mouth is on the Adriatic at the town of Civitanova Marche ....
river. The Romans
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
captured it in 268 BC
268 BC
Year 268 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sophus and Russus...
, and, in 50 AD
50
Year 50 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Vetus and Nerullinus...
, founded a new settlement, Cluentis Vicus (the current frazione
Frazione
A frazione , in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a comune; for other administrative divisions, see municipio, circoscrizione, quartiere...
of Civitanova Alta) on a hill near the sea. During the Barbaric invasion, old Cluana was destroyed by the Visigoths and much of the population took refuge in the Vicus.
In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
it was under the Aldonesi, da Varano
Da Varano
The Da Varano was an Italian noble family who had an important role in the medieval and Renaissance history of central Italy, as rulers of Camerino and other lands in the Marche and Umbria.- Overview :...
, Malatesta
House of Malatesta
The House of Malatesta was an Italian family that ruled over Rimini from 1295 until 1500, as well as other lands and towns in Romagna.Malatesta da Verucchio The House of Malatesta was an Italian family that ruled over Rimini from 1295 until 1500, as well as (in different periods) other lands and...
, Sforza
House of Sforza
Sforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan.-History:The dynasty was founded by Muzio Attendolo , called Sforza , a condottiero from Romagna serving the Angevin kings of Naples...
and Visconti
House of Visconti
Visconti is the family name of two important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages. There are two distinct Visconti families: The first one in the Republic of Pisa in the mid twelfth century who achieved prominence first in Pisa, then in Sardinia where they became rulers of Gallura...
. In 1440, under Francesco Sforza
Francesco I Sforza
Francesco I Sforza was an Italian condottiero, the founder of the Sforza dynasty in Milan, Italy. He was the brother of Alessandro, with whom he often fought.-Early life:...
, a new line of walls was built, while a fortress
Fortification
Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defence in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs...
was erected to protect the port. The city, attacked by Turk pirates and struck by inner feuds and by the plague, started to decay from the 16th century. In 1551 pope Julius III
Pope Julius III
Pope Julius III , born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was Pope from 7 February 1550 to 1555....
ceded it to the Cesarini family. Made Dukes by pope Sixtus V
Pope Sixtus V
Pope Sixtus V , born Felice Peretti di Montalto, was Pope from 1585 to 1590.-Early life:The chronicler Andrija Zmajević states that Felice's family originated from modern-day Montenegro...
, the Cesarini enlarged the town with new walls, roads and palazzi
Palazzo
Palazzo, an Italian word meaning a large building , may refer to:-Buildings:*Palazzo, an Italian type of building**Palazzo style architecture, imitative of Italian palazzi...
, although the population's conditions remained generally miserable. Civitanova had 6,057 inhabitants in 1782.
After the Italian unification
Italian unification
Italian unification was the political and social movement that agglomerated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of Italy in the 19th century...
, Porto Civitanova and Civitanova Alta became a single commune in 1938. It is now a renowned vacation resort.
Twin towns - Sister cities
Civitanova Marche is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:
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