Ching-chih Chen
Encyclopedia
Ching-chih Chen is an educator, administrator, consultant, and speaker in the field of Digital Information Management and Technology. After her 10-year administrative experience, and 39-year teaching, research, consulting and speaking activities, she became Professor Emeritus of Simmons College
Simmons College (Massachusetts)
Simmons College, established in 1899, is a private women's undergraduate college and private co-educational graduate school in Boston, Massachusetts.-History:Simmons was founded in 1899 with a bequest by John Simmons a wealthy clothing manufacturer in Boston...

 in June 2010, and President of Global Connection and Collaboration, Inc., a non-profit tax-exempt 501(c)(3) organization.

Education

Ching-chih Chen, born in Gulangyu Island
Gulangyu Island
Gulangyu "Drum Wave Islet" is a car free island off the coast of Xiamen, Fujian province in southern China, about in area. It is home to about 20,000 people and is a very popular tourist destination....

, Fukien
Fukien
Fukien can refer to* Fujian, a province of the People's Republic of China* Fujian Province, Republic of China, a province of the Republic of China * Fukien AC, an athletics club in Hong Kong...

 Province, on the southeastern coast of China, completed her elementary and secondary schooling in Taiwan. As a Rotary Scholar
Rotary Scholarships
Rotary International offers a number of scholarships worldwide for periods of 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years.- Ambassadorial Mission :The purpose of the Ambassadorial Scholarship is to further international understanding and friendly relations among people of different countries...

, she attended the National Taiwan University
National Taiwan University
National Taiwan University is a national co-educational university located in Taipei, Republic of China . In Taiwan, it is colloquially known as "Táidà" . Its main campus is set upon 1,086,167 square meters in Taipei's Da'an District. In addition, the university has 6 other campuses in Taiwan,...

, where she received a B.A. degree in foreign literature and language in 1959. As a Barbour Scholar, Chen went on to receive an A.M.L.S. Degree from the University of Michigan
University of Michigan
The University of Michigan is a public research university located in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. It is the state's oldest university and the flagship campus of the University of Michigan...

 in 1961. She received a Ph.D. in Information Science from Case Western Reserve University
Case Western Reserve University
Case Western Reserve University is a private research university located in Cleveland, Ohio, USA...

 in 1974 with the late Prof. Philip M. Morse
Philip M. Morse
Philip McCord Morse , was an American physicist, administrator and pioneer of operations research in World War II. He is considered to be the father of operations research in the U.S.- Biography :Morse graduated from the Case School of Applied Science in 1926 with a B.S. in physics. He earned his...

 of MIT as her Ph.D. Supervisor on operations research
Operations research
Operations research is an interdisciplinary mathematical science that focuses on the effective use of technology by organizations...

 with data from the Countway Library of Medicine of Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...

.

Administrative and Academic Career

Prior to July 1971, Chen held administrative positions at various organizations including the University of Michigan
University of Michigan
The University of Michigan is a public research university located in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. It is the state's oldest university and the flagship campus of the University of Michigan...

, Head of Science Library at McMaster University
McMaster University
McMaster University is a public research university whose main campus is located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The main campus is located on of land in the residential neighbourhood of Westdale, adjacent to Hamilton's Royal Botanical Gardens...

 (1963-64), Head of Engineering, Mathematics and Science Library at University of Waterloo
University of Waterloo
The University of Waterloo is a comprehensive public university in the city of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The school was founded in 1957 by Drs. Gerry Hagey and Ira G. Needles, and has since grown to an institution of more than 30,000 students, faculty, and staff...

 (1965-1968), and Associate Head Librarian at MIT Science Library (1968-1971).

She joined Simmons College Graduate School of Library and Information Science as an Assistant Professor in 1971 and retired in June 2010, after a 39-year teaching and research career. She was Full Professor from 1979 to 2010, and also Associate Dean of the Graduate School of Library and Information Science from 1979 to 1998.

Her focus throughout her academic career was in the areas of Information Management
Information management
Information management is the collection and management of information from one or more sources and the distribution of that information to one or more audiences. This sometimes involves those who have a stake in, or a right to that information...

, New Information Technology
Information technology
Information technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications...

 Applications, and International Librarianship. Since 1985 her focus has been Digital Humanities, Optical Technology, Digital Media
Digital media
Digital media is a form of electronic media where data is stored in digital form. It can refer to the technical aspect of storage and transmission Digital media is a form of electronic media where data is stored in digital (as opposed to analog) form. It can refer to the technical aspect of...

, Multimedia
Multimedia
Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. The term can be used as a noun or as an adjective describing a medium as having multiple content forms. The term is used in contrast to media which use only rudimentary computer display such as text-only, or...

 technologies, and web-based development related to Global digital libraries
Digital library
A digital library is a library in which collections are stored in digital formats and accessible by computers. The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks...

, archives, and museums.

Between 1980 and 2010, she offered more than 60 Continuing Education Institutes at Simmons College and about 50 globally in more than two dozen countries, including Australia, Austria, Canada, China, Croatia, Cuba, Finland, Germany, India, Israel, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, and U.K.

Achievements

Chen's interdisciplinary career attracted collaborators from many subject areas, including computer science, photography, chemistry, art, and humanities.

First Emperor of China

Since the mid-1980s, Chen's research has focused on developing multimedia
Multimedia
Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. The term can be used as a noun or as an adjective describing a medium as having multiple content forms. The term is used in contrast to media which use only rudimentary computer display such as text-only, or...

 applications for educational purposes. Her work includes the production of the award-winning interactive multimedia videodisc (1985) and multimedia CD (1991) by the Voyager Company
Voyager Company
The Voyager Company was a pioneer in CD-ROM production in the 1980s and early 1990s, and published The Criterion Collection, a pioneering home video collection of classic and important contemporary films on Laserdisc. It was founded in 1984 by four partners: Jon Turell, Bill Becker, Aleen Stein and...

, entitled The First Emperor of China (Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huang , personal name Ying Zheng , was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 246 BC to 221 BC during the Warring States Period. He became the first emperor of a unified China in 221 BC...

 Di ), supported by the U.S. National Endowment for the Humanities
National Endowment for the Humanities
The National Endowment for the Humanities is an independent federal agency of the United States established by the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965 dedicated to supporting research, education, preservation, and public programs in the humanities. The NEH is located at...

 (NEH) as part of her project entitled PROJECT EMPEROR-I. The videodisc and CD provide interactive access to images, videos and descriptive information about the 7,000 lifesize figures of terra cotta warriors and horses
Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army or the "Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses", is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China...

 found in the archeological excavations near Xi'an
Xi'an
Xi'an is the capital of the Shaanxi province, and a sub-provincial city in the People's Republic of China. One of the oldest cities in China, with more than 3,100 years of history, the city was known as Chang'an before the Ming Dynasty...

, China, in March 1974. The First Emperor of China CD was voted one of the 50 Best CD-ROMS by MacUser in 1979.

Chen’s Project was written up by authors in various computer and videograph publications including Multimedia Solutions, Computerworld Special Report,and in Library and Humanities Literature such as the Library of Congress Gazette, Visual Resources, and Library Journal. It was the lead cover article in Academic Computing in March, 1989. In 1992, The Chronicle of Higher Education highlighted her work in their Information Technology Section.

The First Emperor of China was one of three university projects selected for inclusion in Sun MicroSystems’ brochure for worldwide distribution to higher education and research institutions. It was also chosen for debut presentation at the TECH 2000 Preview Reception at the new TechWorld Plaza, Washington D.C. in 1990, in the company of Robert Abel’s multimedia version of Picasso’s Guernica
Guernica (painting)
Guernica is a painting by Pablo Picasso. It was created in response to the bombing of Guernica, Basque Country, by German and Italian warplanes at the behest of the Spanish Nationalist forces, on 26 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War...

, National Geographic Society
National Geographic Society
The National Geographic Society , headquartered in Washington, D.C. in the United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world. Its interests include geography, archaeology and natural science, the promotion of environmental and historical...

's "GTV," "Ice Run," and "Mandala Systems;" and it was included in a Museum Exhibit at The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio.

The Visual Almanac (a videodisc with a set of 20 floppy disks with HyperCard
HyperCard
HyperCard is an application program created by Bill Atkinson for Apple Computer, Inc. that was among the first successful hypermedia systems before the World Wide Web. It combines database capabilities with a graphical, flexible, user-modifiable interface. HyperCard also features HyperTalk, written...

 programs) produced by the Multimedia Group of Apple Computer, Inc. includes contributions from PROJECT EMPEROR-I. PROJECT EMPEROR-I has also contributed to the CD-ROM and Videodisc Samplers for Higher Education, produced by Apple Computer, Inc. in the beginning of 1990.

U.S. President's Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC)

With an Executive Order, Chen was appointed by President Clinton in February 1997 to serve as a member of the U.S. President's Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC). As a PITAC member serving under both Presidents Clinton and Bush between 1997 and December 2002, she co-chaired the PITAC Subcommittee on International Issues, and was a member of the PITAC Subcommittees on Next Generation Internet (NGI) and IT*2 Initiative Review; and Panels on Digital Divide, Digital Library, Learning of the Future, Individual Security, and others. She also chaired the PITAC's activity on Digital Divide for Smaller Institutions.

Digital Library Development

Chen's work in multimedia led her to work toward developing global digital knowledge bases and digital global information sharing. As early as 1993, she introduced her global digital library concept as the central theme of her keynote speech in Taipei, Taiwan at the International Conference on National Libraries – Towards the 21st Century. Chen's PITAC involvement led her to work toward universal access of digital information, and she collaborated from 2001-2008 with the co-chair of PITAC, Prof. Raj Reddy
Raj Reddy
Dabbala Rajagopal "Raj" Reddy , a Turing Award winner, is one of the early pioneers in Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence and has served on the faculty of Stanford and Carnegie Mellon University for over 40 years. He was the founding Director of the Robotics Institute at CMU...

 of Carnegie Mellon University, as the Co-Principal Investigator of the China-US Million Book Project
Million Book Project
The Million Book Project , is a book digitization project, led by Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science and University Libraries...

 which he initiated.

Global Memory Net and World Heritage Memory Net

Chen made her proposal to the National Science Foundation
National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation is a United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National Institutes of Health...

 (NSF) / International Digital Library Projects (IDLP) in 2001, and has led two major NSF Projects since then: (1) Global Memory Net
Global Memory Net
Global Memory Net is a world digital library of cultural, historical, and heritage image collections. It is directed by http://memorynet.org/director/ Prof. Ching-chih Chen], Professor Emeritus of , Boston, Massachusetts and supported by the /International Digital Library Program...

 and (2) International Collaboration to Advance User-oriented Technologies for Managing and Distributing Images in Digital Libraries.

Global Memory Net
Global Memory Net
Global Memory Net is a world digital library of cultural, historical, and heritage image collections. It is directed by http://memorynet.org/director/ Prof. Ching-chih Chen], Professor Emeritus of , Boston, Massachusetts and supported by the /International Digital Library Program...

, launched for public access in July 2007, is a global image digital library and gateway to the world's cultural, historical, and heritage multimedia resources, with collaborators from different parts of the world. The system for this project was modified and enhanced for the development of World Heritage Memory Net
World Heritage Memory Net
World Heritage Memory Net , a partnership project with UNESCO World Heritage Centre, is a global digital library of cultural, historical, and heritage multimedia collections related to the current 936 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Of these 936 sites, 725 are cultural sites, 183 natural, and 28 mixed...

 in partnership with UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...

 World Heritage Centre (WHC), which provides instant multimedia and multilingual access to all World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...

s inscribed by UNESCO WHC.

American Library Association Presidential Candidacy

Throughout the years, Chen has been active in professional associations such as The American Library Association
American Library Association
The American Library Association is a non-profit organization based in the United States that promotes libraries and library education internationally. It is the oldest and largest library association in the world, with more than 62,000 members....

 (ALA), Library Information Technology Association (LITA), American Society for Information Science and Technology
American Society for Information Science and Technology
The American Society for Information Science and Technology, sometimes abbreviated ASIS&T or ASIST, is a non-profit membership organization for information professionals...

 (ASIS&T), and the Association for Library and Information Science Education (ALISE). In 1995, Chen became the first Asian American formally nominated by the American Library Association as a presidential candidate, and was named by Avenue Asia as one of the “500 Most Influential Asian Americans in the US.”

Consulting and Speaking

Chen has been a consultant to organizations in more than two dozen countries, including:
  • Foundations and Trusts (J. Paul Getty Trust
    J. Paul Getty Trust
    The J. Paul Getty Trust is the world's wealthiest art institution with an estimated endowment in April 2009 of $US 4.2 billion. Based in Los Angeles, California, it operates the J. Paul Getty Museum, which has two locations, the Getty Center in Los Angeles and the Getty Villa in Pacific...

    , Soros Foundation
    Soros Foundation
    A Soros Foundation is one of a network of national foundations, mostly in Central and Eastern Europe, which fund volunteer socio-political activity, created by George Soros, international financier and self-proclaimed philanthropist, and coordinated since early 1994 by a management team called the...

    )
  • International Organizations (UNESCO, U.S. Information Agency/U.S. Information Services
    United States Information Agency
    The United States Information Agency , which existed from 1953 to 1999, was a United States agency devoted to "public diplomacy". In 1999, USIA's broadcasting functions were moved to the newly created Broadcasting Board of Governors, and its exchange and non-broadcasting information functions were...

    , World Health Organization
    World Health Organization
    The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. Established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health...

    , World Bank
    World Bank
    The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programmes.The World Bank's official goal is the reduction of poverty...

    )
  • National Organizations (Chinese Academy of Science Library, China Digital Library Project, Hong Kong Digital Library Program, National Science Council
    National Science Council
    The National Science Council is the main governmental promotion and funding body for science research in Taiwan, Republic of China. It is a governmental body under the Executive Yuan.-External links:* *...

     of Taiwan, United States National Library of Medicine
    United States National Library of Medicine
    The United States National Library of Medicine , operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library. Located in Bethesda, Maryland, the NLM is a division of the National Institutes of Health...

    , NASA Johnson Space Center
    Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
    The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's center for human spaceflight training, research and flight control. The center consists of a complex of 100 buildings constructed on 1,620 acres in Houston, Texas, USA...

    , Lavra National Museum
    Kiev Pechersk Lavra
    Kiev Pechersk Lavra or Kyiv Pechersk Lavra , also known as the Kiev Monastery of the Caves, is a historic Orthodox Christian monastery which gave its name to one of the city districts where it is located in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine....

     of Ukraine, Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, India)
  • Universities (University of Toronto, Beijing Normal University, Oberlin College, National Tsing Hua University of Taiwan. Tsinghua University in Beijing, Tianjian Medical College in China)
  • Non-profit Organizations (National Geographic Society, OCLC Global Digital Initiative)


Over the years she has been a keynote and/or invited speaker to many international, regional and national conferences in over 40 countries.

Conferences

Chen initiated a series of 12 International Conferences on New Information Technology (NIT) from 1987-2001 in different parts of the world (Bangkok, Thailand 1987; Singapore 1989; Guadalajara, Mexico 1990; Budapest, Hungary 1991; Hong Kong 1992; Puerto Rico 1993; Alexandria, VA, USA 1994; Riga, Latvia 1995; Pretoria, South Africa 1996; Hanoi, Vietnam 1998; Taipei, Taiwan 1999; Beijing, China 2001. Papers and discussions from these meetings were all formally published as proceedings or books. The outcome of NIT '99 (Taipei) and NIT'2001 (Beijing) are the two-volume books related to the development of Global Digital Libraries – IT and Global Digital Library Development (1999) and Global Digital Library Development in the New Millennium: Fertile Ground for Distributed Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration (2001).

Chen was co-Chair of the 4th ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries
Joint Conference on Digital Libraries
The Joint Conference on Digital Libraries is an annual international forum focusing on digital libraries and associated technical, practical, and social issues. It is jointly sponsored by the Association for Computing Machinery and the IEEE Computer Society. The Conferences awards the Vannevar Bush...

 (JCDL) held in Tucson, Arizona in June 2004. She was on the Advisory Committee of DELOS Network of Excellence on Digital Libraries from 2002-2004, and served as US Co-Chair of the NSF/DELOS Work Group in Digital Imagery for Significant Cultural, Historical and Heritage Materials from 2001-2004.

Publications

Chen is the author/editor of more than 35 books and over 200 journal articles in areas of new information technologies, such as global digital libraries, multimedia technology, digital imaging, interactive videodisc technology, global information infrastructure, information management, and information resources. Aside from more recent web-based publications, her selected book publications include:
Chen, Ching-chih. Application of Operations Research Models to Libraries: A Case Study of the Use of Monographs in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1976. (Modified version of Chen's Ph.D. thesis.)

Chen, Ching-chih. Scientific and Technical Information Sources. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1977.

Chen, Ching-chih. Health Sciences Information Sources. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1981.

Chen, Ching-chih. Scientific & Technical Information Sources. 2nd edition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, January 1987.

Chen, Ching-chih, ed. Planning Global Information Infrastructure. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1995.

Chen, Ching chih, ed. IT and Global Digital Library Development. Newton, MA: MicroUse Information, August 1999.

Chen, Ching chih, ed. Electronic Resources and Consortia. Taipei, Taiwan: Science and Technology Information Center, August 1999.

Chen, Ching chih, ed. Global Digital Library Development in the New Millennium: Fertile Ground for Distributed Cross Disciplinary Collaboration. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, May 2001.

Awards and Honors

Ching-chih Chen is a recipient of over twenty awards since 1970. Among those are:
2008 – American Library Association Beta Phi Mu
Beta Phi Mu
Beta Phi Mu is the international honor society for library & information science and information technology. Founded by a group of librarians and library educators, the society's express purpose is to recognize and encourage "superior academic achievement" among library and information studies...

 Award

2006 – LITA/OCLC Kilgour Award

2001 - American Association for Higher Education's Ernest A. Lynton Award for Faculty Professional Service

1997 - ALISE-Pratt/Severn National Faculty Award (first)

1996 – American Library Association Humphry/OCLC/Forest Press Award on International Achievement

1994 – Library Information Technology Association (LITA)/Library High Tech Award

1992 - Silver Medal of CINDY Award of the Association of Visual Communicators, for Voyager's version of The First Emperor of China videodisc

1990 - LITA/Gaylord Award for Achievement in Library and Information Technology

1985 - Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellow of the AAAS
Fellow of the AAAS is an honor accorded by the American Association for the Advancement of Science to distinguished persons who are members of the Association. Fellows are elected annually by the AAAS Council for "efforts on behalf of the advancement of science or its applications [which] are...

 (AAAS)


Chen is the recipient of Distinguished Alumni Awards from her three Alma Maters (National Taiwan University, University of Michigan, Case Western Reserve), and has served as an Honorary Professor of several universities, including Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University , colloquially known in Chinese as Qinghua, is a university in Beijing, China. The school is one of the nine universities of the C9 League. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later...

 and Hainan University
Hainan University
Hainan University -History:The original Hainan university was established in 1983. It was a key provincial university. On August 14, 2007, the Ministry of Education approved the merger of the South China University of Tropical Agriculture and Hainan University merged into a single which kept the...

, China.

External links

  • Global Connection and Collaboration, Inc., a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization established by Ching-chih Chen in 2010.
  • World Heritage Memory Net, Chen's National Science Foundation / International Digital Library Project (IDLP) in partnership with the UNESCO’s World Heritage Center and Simmons College, which officially launched in 2011.
  • Global Memory Net, Chen's National Science Foundation / International Digital Library Project (IDLP), which officially began in 2003.
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