Cartesianism
Encyclopedia
Cartesian means of or relating to the French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes
—from his name—Rene Des-Cartes. It may refer to:
In mathematics:
René Descartes
René Descartes ; was a French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the 'Father of Modern Philosophy', and much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day...
—from his name—Rene Des-Cartes. It may refer to:
- Cartesian anxietyCartesian anxietyCartesian anxiety refers to the notion that, ever since René Descartes promulgated his highly influential form of body-mind dualism, Western civilization has suffered from a longing for ontological certainty, or feeling that scientific methods, and especially the study of the world as a thing...
- Cartesian circleCartesian circleThe Cartesian circle is a potential mistake in reasoning attributed to René Descartes.Descartes argues – for example, in the third of his Meditations on First Philosophy – that whatever one clearly and distinctly perceives is true: "I now seem to be able to lay it down as a general rule that...
- Cartesian dualism
- Cartesian MeditationsCartesian MeditationsCartesian Meditations: An Introduction to Phenomenology is a book by the philosopher Edmund Husserl, based on two two-hour lectures he gave at the Sorbonne, in the Amphithéatre Descartes on February 23 and 25, 1929. Over the next two years, he and his assistant Eugen Fink expanded and elaborated on...
, a work by Edmund Husserl - Cartesian linguisticsCartesian linguisticsThe term Cartesian linguistics was coined with the publication of Cartesian Linguistics: A Chapter in the History of Rationalist Thought , a book on linguistics by Noam Chomsky, written with the purpose of deepening "our understanding of the nature of language and the mental processes and...
, a work by Noam Chomsky - Cartesian theaterCartesian theaterThe Cartesian theater is a derisive term coined by philosopher Daniel Dennett to pointedly refer to a defining aspect of what he calls Cartesian materialism, which he considers to be the often unacknowledged remnants of Cartesian dualism in modern materialistic theories of the mind.Descartes...
- Cartesian diverCartesian diverA Cartesian diver or Cartesian devil is a classic science experiment, named for René Descartes, which demonstrates the principle of buoyancy and the ideal gas law.-Experiment description:...
, a science experiment - Cartesian physics
In mathematics:
- Cartesian closed categoryCartesian closed categoryIn category theory, a category is cartesian closed if, roughly speaking, any morphism defined on a product of two objects can be naturally identified with a morphism defined on one of the factors. These categories are particularly important in mathematical logic and the theory of programming, in...
, a closed category in category theory - Cartesian coordinate systemCartesian coordinate systemA Cartesian coordinate system specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances from the point to two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length...
, modern rectangular coordinate system - Cartesian diagram, a construction in category theory
- Cartesian geometry, now more commonly called analytic geometryAnalytic geometryAnalytic geometry, or analytical geometry has two different meanings in mathematics. The modern and advanced meaning refers to the geometry of analytic varieties...
- Cartesian morphism, formalisation of pull-back operation in category theory
- Cartesian ovalCartesian ovalIn geometry, a Cartesian oval, named after René Descartes, is determined as follows. Let and be fixed points in the plane, and let and denote the Euclidean distances from these points to a third variable point . Let and be arbitrary real numbers. Then the Cartesian oval is the locus of...
, a curve - Cartesian productCartesian productIn mathematics, a Cartesian product is a construction to build a new set out of a number of given sets. Each member of the Cartesian product corresponds to the selection of one element each in every one of those sets...
, a direct product of two sets - Cartesian product of graphsCartesian product of graphsIn graph theory, the Cartesian product G \square H of graphs G and H is a graph such that* the vertex set of G \square H is the Cartesian product V × V; and...
, a binary operation on graphs - Cartesian treeCartesian treeIn computer science, a Cartesian tree is a binary tree derived from a sequence of numbers; it can be uniquely defined from the properties that it is heap-ordered and that a symmetric traversal of the tree returns the original sequence...
, a binary tree in computer science