Camarate
Encyclopedia
Camarate is a civil parish in the municipality Loures, district of Lisbon
, Portugal
. With a population of 23,000 inhabitants in 2001, the parish of Camarate extends into an area of 5.52 km².
A Matriz Church was founded by the Bishop of Lisbon, Agapito Colona, in the 14th century, and later amplified and expanded. During the Portuguese Interregnum, the estate of Camarate, then property of the Jew David Negro, administrator of the Royal Customhouses of King Ferdinand I of León and Castile, was confiscated and delivered into the hands of Nuno Álvares Pereira
, who lived there with his mother until joining the Carmelite Order. While there, the knight founded and consecrated a chapel to Nossa Senhora do Socorro, which he later offered, along with the estate, to the Carmelites, who founded a convent on the site. Much later, under Nuno Álvares Pereira stewardship, Camarate would be integrated (along with other neighbouring lands) into the patrimony of the House of Braganza
.
The parish of Camarate separated from the administration of Sacavém across a foral
issued by King Manuel I of Portugal
, dated 1 May 1511.
After the 17th century, the region became a place of leisure sought after by the Lisboeta nobility. The region was famous for its agricultural, characterized by estates that supported the fiscal production of the parish until the 20th century.
It was part of Lisbon (until 1852), then Santa Maria dos Olivais (between 1852 and 1886). Later, it was re-annexed to Lisbon between 1886 and 1895, before being integrated into the municipality of Loures. On 4 June 1996, the community was elevated to the status of vila (town) by decree of the Assembly of the Republic.
After the 20th century, and owing to industrial development in the neighbouring parishes, the parish experienced a growth in population, accompanied by a comparable growth in illegal construction.
Sadly, Camarate became infamous for the aircraft accident that befell Portuguese Social Democratic
Prime Minister Francisco Sá Carneiro
, his wife, and the Christian Democratic Defense Minister Adelino Amaro da Costa
, on the evening of 4 December 1980. A few hours before the presidential elections, the aircraft was en-route to Porto, when it crashed in the parish.
, Camarate is a civil parish located in the eastern part of the municipality of Loure. It is fronted in the northwest by the Lourense parishes of Frielas
and Unhas, southeast by Prior Velho
and east by Sacavém
; in the extreme southeast it borders Santa Maria dos Olivais, in the south Charneca
(both parishes of Lisbon); and, finally southwest, with the Olival Basto in the municipality of Odivelas
. Part of this configuration means that a portion of the International Airport of Lisbon lies within the borders of the parish.
A civil parish includes several barrios
(neighborhoods), including the bairro of Angola, Boavista, Bogalheira, CAR, Esperança, Fetais de Baixo, Fetais de Cima, Fontaínhas, Grilo, Loureiras, Mira-Loures, Santiago, Santo António, São Benedito, São Francisco, dSão João, São José, São Lourenço, Sousas, Torre, Fonte da Pipa, Mucharros, Quinta de Marvila, Quinta do Paraíso, Quinta de Santa Rosa, Quinta do Galeão, in addition to the centre of the vila (town).
Lisboa (district)
Lisbon District is a district located in the South Central Portugal, the district capital is the city of Lisbon, also the national capital.-Municipalities:The district is composed of 16 municipalities:* Alenquer Municipality* Amadora Municipality...
, Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
. With a population of 23,000 inhabitants in 2001, the parish of Camarate extends into an area of 5.52 km².
History
The probable origin of the local place name came from the historical cultivation of vineyards with a caste of grape called Camarate.A Matriz Church was founded by the Bishop of Lisbon, Agapito Colona, in the 14th century, and later amplified and expanded. During the Portuguese Interregnum, the estate of Camarate, then property of the Jew David Negro, administrator of the Royal Customhouses of King Ferdinand I of León and Castile, was confiscated and delivered into the hands of Nuno Álvares Pereira
Nuno Álvares Pereira
Dom Nuno Álvares Pereira, O. Carm. , also spelled Nun'Álvares Pereira, was a Portuguese general of great success who had a decisive role in the 1383-1385 Crisis that assured Portugal's independence from Castile...
, who lived there with his mother until joining the Carmelite Order. While there, the knight founded and consecrated a chapel to Nossa Senhora do Socorro, which he later offered, along with the estate, to the Carmelites, who founded a convent on the site. Much later, under Nuno Álvares Pereira stewardship, Camarate would be integrated (along with other neighbouring lands) into the patrimony of the House of Braganza
House of Braganza
The Most Serene House of Braganza , an important Portuguese noble family, ruled the Kingdom of Portugal and its colonial Empire, from 1640 to 1910...
.
The parish of Camarate separated from the administration of Sacavém across a foral
Foral
thumb|left|200px|Foral of Castro Verde - PortugalThe word foral derives from the Portuguese word foro, ultimately from Latin forum, equivalent to Spanish fuero, Galician foro, Catalan furs and Basque foru ....
issued by King Manuel I of Portugal
Manuel I of Portugal
Manuel I , the Fortunate , 14th king of Portugal and the Algarves was the son of Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu, , by his wife, Infanta Beatrice of Portugal...
, dated 1 May 1511.
After the 17th century, the region became a place of leisure sought after by the Lisboeta nobility. The region was famous for its agricultural, characterized by estates that supported the fiscal production of the parish until the 20th century.
It was part of Lisbon (until 1852), then Santa Maria dos Olivais (between 1852 and 1886). Later, it was re-annexed to Lisbon between 1886 and 1895, before being integrated into the municipality of Loures. On 4 June 1996, the community was elevated to the status of vila (town) by decree of the Assembly of the Republic.
After the 20th century, and owing to industrial development in the neighbouring parishes, the parish experienced a growth in population, accompanied by a comparable growth in illegal construction.
Sadly, Camarate became infamous for the aircraft accident that befell Portuguese Social Democratic
Social Democratic Party (Portugal)
The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party...
Prime Minister Francisco Sá Carneiro
Francisco Sá Carneiro
Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro, GCTE, GCC, GCL founded the Portuguese Social Democratic Party in 1974 and was elected Prime Minister of Portugal in January 1980, but only held office for eleven months, dying in a plane crash with his partner, Snu Abecassis, on December 4, 1980...
, his wife, and the Christian Democratic Defense Minister Adelino Amaro da Costa
Adelino Amaro da Costa
Adelino Manuel Lopes Amaro da Costa, GCIH was a Portuguese Politician.-Background:...
, on the evening of 4 December 1980. A few hours before the presidential elections, the aircraft was en-route to Porto, when it crashed in the parish.
Geography
Situated in north of LisbonLisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, Camarate is a civil parish located in the eastern part of the municipality of Loure. It is fronted in the northwest by the Lourense parishes of Frielas
Frielas
- Introduction :Frielas is a parish in the municipality of Loures, District of Lisbon , Portugal....
and Unhas, southeast by Prior Velho
Prior Velho
Prior Velho is a parish in the municipality of Loures, District of Lisbon , Portugal....
and east by Sacavém
Sacavém
Sacavém is a Portuguese civil parish , in the municipality of Loures, just a few kilometers northeast of the Portuguese capital, Lisbon. The parish covers an area of , with a population of 17,659 inhabitants...
; in the extreme southeast it borders Santa Maria dos Olivais, in the south Charneca
Charneca
Charneca or Charneca do Lumiar, is a Portuguese parish in the municipality of Lisbon. It was created in 1585. Between 1852 and 1886 this parish was part of the former municipality of Olivais....
(both parishes of Lisbon); and, finally southwest, with the Olival Basto in the municipality of Odivelas
Odivelas Municipality
Odivelas is a municipality located in the district of Lisbon in central Portugal, within the periphery of the city of Lisbon. Its total area is approximately 26.4 km², and encompasses a population of 143,995 inhabitants...
. Part of this configuration means that a portion of the International Airport of Lisbon lies within the borders of the parish.
A civil parish includes several barrios
Barrios
Barrios, de Barrios, Barrio or Berrios is a surname of Basque origin. The name may refer to:-People:*Agustín Barrios , Paraguayan guitarist and composer*Artur Barrio , Brazilian artist...
(neighborhoods), including the bairro of Angola, Boavista, Bogalheira, CAR, Esperança, Fetais de Baixo, Fetais de Cima, Fontaínhas, Grilo, Loureiras, Mira-Loures, Santiago, Santo António, São Benedito, São Francisco, dSão João, São José, São Lourenço, Sousas, Torre, Fonte da Pipa, Mucharros, Quinta de Marvila, Quinta do Paraíso, Quinta de Santa Rosa, Quinta do Galeão, in addition to the centre of the vila (town).
Economy
It was well-known for its local wine, produced in the fertile farms that characterized the parish until the mid-twentieth century. Since then, industrialization has transformed it into an urbanized town.Architecture
Civic
- Estate of Encarnação
- Estate of Ribeirinha
- Estate of Portas de Ferro
- Estate of Santa Teresa
- Estate of Redondo
- Estate of Ulmeiro
Religious
- Chapel of Nossa Senhora da Vitória
- Church of Santiago Maior , alternately the Church of Saint James of Camarate, located in the intersection between the Praça 1.º de Maio with the Ruas Avelino Salgado de Oliveira and Rua de Guilherme Gomes Fernandes, the parochial church was constructed in 1370 by the Bishop of Lisbon. Over time the building deteriorated to the point that, in 1511, a new church was reconstructed on the same site, at the same time that Camarate became an independent ecclesiastical parish. A similar reconstruction/remodelling occurred at the beginning of the 17th century.
Notable citizens
- Mário de Sá Carneiro (19 May 1890 — Paris; 26 April 1916), was a Portuguese poet and writer, member of the "Geração D'Orpheu", who, along with Fernando PessoaFernando PessoaFernando Pessoa, born Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa , was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic and translator described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language.-Early years in Durban:On 13 July...
and Almada NegreirosAlmada NegreirosJosé Sobral de Almada Negreiros was a Portuguese artist. He was born in the then colony of São Tomé e Príncipe, the son of a Portuguese father, António Lobo de Almada Negreiros, and a Santomean mother, Elvira Freire Sobral...
, contributed poetry and artistic prose influenced by cosmopolitanismCosmopolitanismCosmopolitanism is the ideology that all human ethnic groups belong to a single community based on a shared morality. This is contrasted with communitarian and particularistic theories, especially the ideas of patriotism and nationalism...
and the European Avant-GardeAvant-gardeAvant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....