Böttstein
Encyclopedia
Böttstein is a municipality
in the district of Zurzach
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
items have been discovered near Böttstein. The modern village of Böttstein is first mentioned in 1087 as Botistein. During the 11th to 13th Centuries it was the seat of the lords of Böttstein, who ruled over the village. The other, neighboring villages were under the lower court
of the Knights Hospitaller
order house at Leuggern
. After the conquest of the Aargau in 1415, the Herrschaft
was held by the district of Leuggern in the County of Baden. The ownership of the administrative rights of the village wend through about ten changes until 1606 when it was bought by the von Roll family of Uri
. Between 1615-17, they replaced the original castle with a late-Gothic
- early Baroque
mansion with chapel. Through marriage, the property came in 1674 to the Schmid
family of Bellikon
, who ruled over the village until 1798 and occupied the castle until 1893. The chapel of St. Anthony was given a wide range of ornamentation in the manner of Italian baroque churches with excellent stucco
work, all done by northern Italian masters. In 1816 the municipality was formed by dividing the large municipality of Leuggern.
Böttstein and the other villages were part of the parish
of Leuggern.
Until the late 19th Century the major economic activities were farming, viticulture
and handicrafts. During the late 19th Century, the timber industry grew along the Aare river, which provided many new jobs. The new jobs along the river allowed the small village of Kleindöttingen to expande rapidly. Despite its own industry (1970-94 particle board factory, furniture factories) and numerous commercial enterprises the municipality is primarily a commuter town.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 3.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 8.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.0%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 3.1% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.1%. Out of the forested land, 32.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 22.0% is used for growing crops and 9.9% is pastures, while 2.2% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 3.6% is in lakes and 5.5% is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Zurzach district, on the left bank of the Aare river a few kilometers from its confluence
. It consists of the villages of Böttstein and Kleindöttingen and the hamlets
of Eien and Burlen.
(80.3%), with Italian
being second most common ( 6.3%) and Albanian
being third ( 4.3%).
The age distribution, , in Böttstein is; 368 children or 9.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 502 teenagers or 13.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 500 people or 13.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 437 people or 11.6% are between 30 and 39, 614 people or 16.3% are between 40 and 49, and 573 people or 15.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 405 people or 10.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 262 people or 7.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 91 people or 2.4% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 12 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.63 which is more people per room than the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 52.2% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 132 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 762 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 471 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 1,392 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 433 single family homes (or 27.6% of the total) out of a total of 1,567 homes and apartments. There were a total of 4 empty apartments for a 0.3% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 49.84% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(20.11%), the FDP
(10.67%) and the SP
(10.47%). In the federal election, a total of 962 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 48.7%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
at Schlossweg 2 and the castle chapel are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance
. The entire village of Böttstein is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
.
there were 1,827 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,402 or about 76.7% of the residents worked outside Böttstein while 722 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,147 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 15.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 55.3% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 7 individuals (or about 0.19% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
faith.
). Of the school age population , there are 261 students attending primary school, there are 202 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Zurzach
Zurzach (district)
Zurzach District is a district in the Swiss Canton of Aargau with the administrative capital of Zurzach. It covers the Studenlands and is located in the northeastern part of the canton. The district capital is Bad Zurzach. The main valleys are the Surb and the Aare. It has a population of ...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Some scattered La Tène cultureLa Tène culture
The La Tène culture was a European Iron Age culture named after the archaeological site of La Tène on the north side of Lake Neuchâtel in Switzerland, where a rich cache of artifacts was discovered by Hansli Kopp in 1857....
items have been discovered near Böttstein. The modern village of Böttstein is first mentioned in 1087 as Botistein. During the 11th to 13th Centuries it was the seat of the lords of Böttstein, who ruled over the village. The other, neighboring villages were under the lower court
High, middle and low justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judiciary power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents....
of the Knights Hospitaller
Knights Hospitaller
The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta , also known as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta , Order of Malta or Knights of Malta, is a Roman Catholic lay religious order, traditionally of military, chivalrous, noble nature. It is the world's...
order house at Leuggern
Leuggern
Leuggern is a municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:The remains of a Roman era Rhine fortifications watchtower have been discovered in Felsenau. The modern municipality of Leuggern is first mentioned in 1231 as Lutgern. In the 13th Century it was...
. After the conquest of the Aargau in 1415, the Herrschaft
Herrschaft (territory)
In the German feudal system, a Herrschaft or Herrlichkeit was the fiefdom of a lord, who in this area exercised his full feudal rights...
was held by the district of Leuggern in the County of Baden. The ownership of the administrative rights of the village wend through about ten changes until 1606 when it was bought by the von Roll family of Uri
Canton of Uri
Uri is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation. It is located in Central Switzerland. The canton's territory covers the valley of the Reuss River between Lake Lucerne and the St. Gotthard Pass. German is the primary language spoken in Uri...
. Between 1615-17, they replaced the original castle with a late-Gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
- early Baroque
Baroque architecture
Baroque architecture is a term used to describe the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and...
mansion with chapel. Through marriage, the property came in 1674 to the Schmid
Schmid
Schmid is a German surname that is a cognate of "Smith", an occupational surname for a blacksmith.-People with the surname Schmid:* Alex P. Schmid, Dutch scientist on terror* Carlo Schmid , German politician...
family of Bellikon
Bellikon
Bellikon is a municipality in the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:The area was settled during Roman times. The Roman road between Vindonissa and Turicum ran through here...
, who ruled over the village until 1798 and occupied the castle until 1893. The chapel of St. Anthony was given a wide range of ornamentation in the manner of Italian baroque churches with excellent stucco
Stucco
Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...
work, all done by northern Italian masters. In 1816 the municipality was formed by dividing the large municipality of Leuggern.
Böttstein and the other villages were part of the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Leuggern.
Until the late 19th Century the major economic activities were farming, viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...
and handicrafts. During the late 19th Century, the timber industry grew along the Aare river, which provided many new jobs. The new jobs along the river allowed the small village of Kleindöttingen to expande rapidly. Despite its own industry (1970-94 particle board factory, furniture factories) and numerous commercial enterprises the municipality is primarily a commuter town.
Geography
Böttstein has an area, , of 7.41 square kilometres (2.9 sq mi). Of this area, 2.52 km² (0.972977439653188 sq mi) or 34.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 2.6 km² (1 sq mi) or 35.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.54 km² (0.594597324232504 sq mi) or 20.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.68 km² (0.262549467842924 sq mi) or 9.2% is either rivers or lakes and 0.11 km² (27.2 acre) or 1.5% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 3.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 8.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.0%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 3.1% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.1%. Out of the forested land, 32.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 22.0% is used for growing crops and 9.9% is pastures, while 2.2% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 3.6% is in lakes and 5.5% is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Zurzach district, on the left bank of the Aare river a few kilometers from its confluence
Confluence
Confluence, in geography, describes the meeting of two or more bodies of water.Confluence may also refer to:* Confluence , a property of term rewriting systems...
. It consists of the villages of Böttstein and Kleindöttingen and the hamlets
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Eien and Burlen.
Demographics
Böttstein has a population of , 39.2% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 1.1%. Most of the population speaks GermanGerman language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(80.3%), with Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
being second most common ( 6.3%) and Albanian
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
being third ( 4.3%).
The age distribution, , in Böttstein is; 368 children or 9.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 502 teenagers or 13.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 500 people or 13.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 437 people or 11.6% are between 30 and 39, 614 people or 16.3% are between 40 and 49, and 573 people or 15.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 405 people or 10.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 262 people or 7.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 91 people or 2.4% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 12 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.63 which is more people per room than the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 52.2% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 132 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 762 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 471 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 1,392 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 433 single family homes (or 27.6% of the total) out of a total of 1,567 homes and apartments. There were a total of 4 empty apartments for a 0.3% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 49.84% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(20.11%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(10.67%) and the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(10.47%). In the federal election, a total of 962 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 48.7%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1799 | Böttstein 168 Kleindöttingen 96 Eien 60 |
| 1850 | together 629 |
| 1888 | 536 |
| 1900 | 760 |
| 1950 | 1,051 |
| 2000 | 3,648 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The oil press and sawmillSawmill
A sawmill is a facility where logs are cut into boards.-Sawmill process:A sawmill's basic operation is much like those of hundreds of years ago; a log enters on one end and dimensional lumber exits on the other end....
at Schlossweg 2 and the castle chapel are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance
Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
. The entire village of Böttstein is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
.
Economy
, Böttstein had an unemployment rate of 2.52%. , there were 43 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 15 businesses involved in this sector. 548 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 36 businesses in this sector. 629 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 91 businesses in this sector.there were 1,827 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,402 or about 76.7% of the residents worked outside Böttstein while 722 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,147 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 15.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 55.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 2,087 or 57.2% were Roman Catholic, while 661 or 18.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 7 individuals (or about 0.19% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
faith.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Böttstein about 62.2% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 261 students attending primary school, there are 202 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
External links
- http://www.boettstein.ch Official website (in German)