Bavaria-Landshut was a duchy in the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...

 from 1353 to 1503.

History

The creation of the duchy was the result of the death of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian

Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor

Louis IV , called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the King of Germany from 1314, the King of Italy from 1327 and the Holy Roman Emperor from 1328....

. In the Treaty of Landsberg 1349, which divided up Louis's empire, his sons Stephen

Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria

Duke Stephen II of Bavaria , after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.-Biography:During the reign of Emperor Louis IV his son Stephen served as vogt of Swabia and Alsace...

, William

William I, Duke of Bavaria

William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing , was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut...

, and Albert

Albert I, Duke of Bavaria

Duke Albert I or Albrecht KG was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries...

 were to receive jointly Lower Bavaria

Lower Bavaria

Lower Bavaria is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state.- Geography :Lower Bavaria is subdivided into two regions - Landshut and Donau-Wald. Recent election results mark it as the most conservative part of Germany, generally giving huge...

 and the Netherlands

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

. Four years later the inheritance was divided again in the Treaty of Regensburg 1353; Stephen received the new duchy of Bavaria-Landshut. In 1363 Stephen became also Duke of Upper Bavaria which was then re-united with Bavaria-Landshut. After Stephen's death his three sons ruled the duchy jointly. But in 1392 Bavaria-Landshut was divided for the three dukes and so Bavaria-Munich

Bavaria-Munich

-History:After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen years, the brothers decided to formally divide their inheritance. John received Bavaria-Munich, Stephen received Bavaria-Ingolstadt, while Frederick kept...

 and Bavaria-Ingolstadt

Bavaria-Ingolstadt

Bavaria-Ingolstadt was a duchy which was part of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1447.-History:After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen years, the brothers decided to formally divide their inheritance...

 were split off.

In 1429 parts of Bavaria-Straubing

Bavaria-Straubing

Bavaria-Straubing denotes the widely-scattered territorial inheritance in the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria that were governed by independent dukes of Bavaria-Straubing between 1353 and 1432; a map of these marches and outliers of the Holy Roman Empire, vividly demonstrates the fractionalisation of...

 were united with Bavaria-Landshut, same as the complete duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt in 1447. Bavaria-Landshut was then the richest part of Bavaria, also due to the mining in Rattenberg

Rattenberg

Rattenberg, Austria is a town on the Inn River, near Rattenberg mountain and Innsbruck. With a population of 440, it is the smallest town in the country....

 and Kitzbühel

Kitzbühel

-Demographic evolution:-Personalities:*Karl Wilhelm von Dalla Torre , entomologist and botanist*Alfons Walde , expressionist painter and architect*Peter Aufschnaiter , mountaineer and geographer...

 and the most modern administration. The seat of the dukes was the Trausnitz Castle

Trausnitz Castle

Trausnitz Castle is a medieval castle situated in Landshut, Bavaria in Germany. It was the home of the Wittelsbach dynasty, and it served as their ducal residence for Lower Bavaria from 1255–1503, and later as hereditary rulers of the whole of Bavaria...

 in Landshut, the second residence was Burghausen Castle

Burghausen Castle

The Burghausen Castle in Burghausen, Upper Bavaria is the longest castle complex in Europe .-History:The castle hill was already settled in the Bronze Age. The castle was transferred to the Wittelsbachs after the death of the last count of Burghausen Gebhard II in 1168...

.

The duchy lasted overall 150 years until it was divided in 1505 between the newly-created duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg

Palatinate-Neuburg

Palatinate-Neuburg is a former territory of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505. Its capital was Neuburg an der Donau. Its area was about 2,750 km², with a population of some 100,000.-History:...

 and Bavaria-Munich after the Landshut War of Succession

Landshut War of Succession

The Landshut War of Succession resulted from an agreement between the duchies of Bavaria-Munich and Bavaria-Landshut . The agreement concerned the law of succession when one of the two Dukes should die without a male heir...

. Kufstein

Kufstein (district)

The Bezirk Kufstein is an administrative district in Tyrol, Austria. It borders Bavaria in the north, the Kitzbühel district in the southeast, and the Schwaz district in the southwest....

 and Kitzbühel

Kitzbühel (district)

The Bezirk Kitzbühel is an administrative district in Tyrol, Austria. It borders Bavaria in the north, the Kufstein and Schwaz districts in the west, and the Pinzgau region in the east and south....

 were ceded to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I , the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 until his death, though he was never in fact crowned by the Pope, the journey to Rome always being too risky...

 as compensation for his support to Bavaria-Munich and then united with Tyrol

County of Tyrol

The County of Tyrol, Princely County from 1504, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, from 1814 a province of the Austrian Empire and from 1867 a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary...

.