Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944

Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944 is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the Winter Line

Winter Line

The Winter Line was a series of German military fortifications in Italy, constructed during World War II by Organisation Todt. The primary Gustav Line ran across Italy from just north of where the Garigliano River flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea in the west, through the Apennine Mountains to the...

January 1944 during the period generally known as the First Battle of Monte Cassino

Battle of Monte Cassino

The Battle of Monte Cassino was a costly series of four battles during World War II, fought by the Allies against Germans and Italians with the intention of breaking through the Winter Line and seizing Rome.In the beginning of 1944, the western half of the Winter Line was being anchored by Germans...

Allied Armies in Italy
Allied Armies in Italy
Allied Armies in Italy, commanded by Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander, was the title of the highest Allied field headquarters in Italy, during the middle part of the Italian campaign...

C-in-C: General Sir Harold Alexander

Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis

Field Marshal Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis was a British military commander and field marshal of Anglo-Irish descent who served with distinction in both world wars and, afterwards, as Governor General of Canada, the 17th since Canadian...

Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General Sir John Harding

John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton

Field Marshal Allan Francis John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton, GCB, CBE, DSO, MC was a British Army officer and Governor of Cyprus from 1955 to 1957, Cyprus being a British colony at that time....

U.S. Fifth Army

Commander:

Lieutenant-General Mark Wayne Clark

Mark Wayne Clark

Mark Wayne Clark was an American general during World War II and the Korean War and was the youngest lieutenant general in the U.S. Army...

British X Corps
X Corps (United Kingdom)
The X Corps was a British Army formation in the First World War and was later reformed in 1942 during the North African campaign of the Second World War as part of the Eighth Army.- First World War :...

(left)

Lieutenant-General Sir Richard McCreery

Richard McCreery

General Sir Richard Loudon McCreery GCB, KBE, DSO, MC , was a British career soldier, who was Chief of Staff to Field Marshal Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, at the time of the Second Battle of El Alamein and later commanded the British Eighth Army in Northern Italy during...

British 5th Infantry Division (Major-General Gerald Bucknall to 22 January then Major-General P. G. S. Gregson-Ellis)
- 13th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier L. M. Campbell)
  - 2nd battalion The Cameronians
  - 2nd battalion Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers
    Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers
    The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers was a Irish infantry regiment of the British Army formed in 1881 by the amalgamation of the 27th Regiment of Foot and the 108th Regiment of Foot...
  - 2nd battalion The Wiltshire Regiment
- 15th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier E. O. Martin until 22 January then Brigadier J. Y. Whitfield)
  - 1st battalion The Green Howards
    The Green Howards
    The Green Howards was an infantry regiment of the British Army, in the King's Division...
  - 1st battalion King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
    King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
    The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry was a regiment of the British Army. It officially existed from 1881 to 1968, but its predecessors go back to 1755. The regiment's traditions and history are now maintained by The Rifles.-The 51st Foot:...
  - 1st battalion York and Lancaster Regiment
    York and Lancaster Regiment
    -History:It was formed in 1881 through the amalgamation of two other regiments:*65th Regiment*84th RegimentThe title of the regiment was derived not from the cities of York and Lancaster, or from the counties...
- 17th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Dudley Ward
  Alfred Dudley Ward
  General Sir Alfred Dudley Ward, GCB, KBE, DSO , was a British Army officer during the Second World War and later Governor of Gibraltar. He served as an ordinary soldier for three years before being sent for officer training in 1926...
  
  )
  - 2nd battalion Royal Scots Fusiliers
    Royal Scots Fusiliers
    -The Earl of Mar's Regiment of Foot :The regiment was raised in Scotland in 1678 by Stuart loyalist Charles Erskine, de jure 5th Earl of Mar for service against the rebel covenanting forces during the Second Whig Revolt . They were used to keep the peace and put down brigands, mercenaries, and...
  - 2nd battalion Northamptonshire Regiment
    Northamptonshire Regiment
    The Northamptonshire Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1881 to 1960. Its lineage is now continued by The Royal Anglian Regiment.-Formation:The regiment was formed as part of the reorganisation of the infantry by the Childers reforms...
  - 6th battalion Seaforth Highlanders
    Seaforth Highlanders
    The Seaforth Highlanders was a historic regiment of the British Army associated with large areas of the northern Highlands of Scotland. The Seaforth Highlanders have varied in size from two battalions to seventeen battalions during the Great War...
- 201st Guards Brigade
  22nd Guards Brigade
  The British 22nd Guards Brigade was a British Army unit during the Second World War .-History:The 22nd Infantry Brigade was formed by the conversion of the 29th Infantry Brigade on 3 September 1939 and in March 1940 became responsible for all the troops in the Mersa Matruh Garrison area...
  
  (under command) (Brigadier R. B. R. Colvin)
  - 6th battalion Grenadier Guards
    Grenadier Guards
    The Grenadier Guards is an infantry regiment of the British Army. It is the most senior regiment of the Guards Division and, as such, is the most senior regiment of infantry. It is not, however, the most senior regiment of the Army, this position being attributed to the Life Guards...
  - 3rd battalion Coldstream Guards
    Coldstream Guards
    Her Majesty's Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards, also known officially as the Coldstream Guards , is a regiment of the British Army, part of the Guards Division or Household Division....
  - 2nd battalion Scots Guards
    Scots Guards
    The Scots Guards is a regiment of the Guards Division of the British Army, whose origins lie in the personal bodyguard of King Charles I of England and Scotland...
- Divisional troops
  - 91st, 92nd, 98th and 156th Field Regiments, Royal Artillery
    Royal Artillery
    The Royal Regiment of Artillery, commonly referred to as the Royal Artillery , is the artillery arm of the British Army. Despite its name, it comprises a number of regiments.-History:...
  - 102nd Medium Regiment, RA
  - 52nd Anti-tank Regiment, RA
  - 18th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, RA
  - 215th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, RA
  - 5th Reconnaissance Regiment
  - 50th Royal Tank Regiment
    50th Royal Tank Regiment
    The 50th Royal Tank Regiment was an armoured regiment of the British Army during the Second World War. It was part of the Royal Tank Regiment, itself part of the Royal Armoured Corps....
    
    (One squadron attached from Corps troops)
  - 7th battalion Cheshire Regiment
    Cheshire Regiment
    The Cheshire Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales' Division.The regiment was created in 1881 as part of the Childers reforms by the linking of the 22nd Regiment of Foot and the militia and rifle volunteers of Cheshire...
    
    (Machine gun)
  - 245th, 252nd and 38th Field Companies, Royal Engineers
    Royal Engineers
    The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually just called the Royal Engineers , and commonly known as the Sappers, is one of the corps of the British Army....
  - 254th Field Park Company, RE
  - 18th Bridge Platoon, RE
British 46th Infantry Division
46th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
The 46th Infantry Division was a 2nd Line Territorial Army formation during the Second World War, that was a duplicate of the 49th Infantry Division. The 46th Infantry Division was part of the British Expeditionary Force sent to France in 1940 as a labour and training unit but ended up fighting in...

(Major-General John Hawkesworth
John Hawkesworth
John Hawkesworth , English writer, was born in London.-Biography:He is said to have been clerk to an attorney, and was certainly self-educated. In 1744 he succeeded Samuel Johnson as compiler of the parliamentary debates for the Gentleman's Magazine, and from 1746 to 1749 he contributed poems...

)
- 128th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier M. A. James)
  - 1/4th battalion Hampshire Regiment
  - 2nd battalion Hampshire Regiment
  - 5th battalion Hampshire Regiment
- 138th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier G. P. Harding)
  - 6th battalion Lincolnshire Regiment
  - 2/4th battalion King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
  - 6th battalion York and Lancaster Regiment
- 139th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier R. E. H. Stott)
  - 2/5th battalion Leicestershire Regiment
  - 5th battalion Sherwood Foresters
    Sherwood Foresters
    The Sherwood Foresters was formed during the Childers Reforms in 1881 from the amalgamation of the 45th Regiment of Foot and the 95th Regiment of Foot...
  - 16th battalion Durham Light Infantry
    Durham Light Infantry
    The Durham Light Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1881 to 1968. It was formed by the amalgamation of the 68th Regiment of Foot and the 106th Regiment of Foot along with the militia and rifle volunteers of County Durham...
- Divisional troops
  - 70th, 71st and 172nd Field Regiments, RA
  - 5th Medium Regiment, RA
  - 58th Anti-tank Regiment, RA
  - 115th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, RA
  - 215th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, RA
  - 46th Reconnaissance Regiment
  - 2nd battalion Northumberland Fusiliers (Machine gun)
  - 270th, 271st and 272nd Field Companies, Royal Engineers
    Royal Engineers
    The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually just called the Royal Engineers , and commonly known as the Sappers, is one of the corps of the British Army....
  - 273rd Field Park Company, RE
  - 201st Bridge Platoon, RE
  - 40th Royal Tank Regiment (attached from Corps troops)
British 56th Infantry Division (Major-General Gerald Templer
Gerald Templer
Field Marshal Sir Gerald Walter Robert Templer KG, GCB, GCMG, KBE was a British military commander. He is best known for his defeat of the guerrilla rebels in Malaya between 1952 and 1954...

)
- 167th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier C. E. A. Firth until 29 January then Brigadier J. Scott-Elliott)
  - 8th battalion Royal Fusiliers
  - 9th battalion Royal Fusiliers
  - 7th battalion Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry
    Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry
    The Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Army.The regiment was formed as a consequence of Childers reforms, a continuation of the Cardwell reforms, by the amalgamation of the 43rd Regiment of Foot and the 52nd Regiment of Foot , forming the 1st...
- 168th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier K. C. Davidson)
  - 10th battalion Royal Berkshire Regiment
    Royal Berkshire Regiment
    The Royal Berkshire Regiment was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army, formed in 1881 by the amalgamation of the 49th Regiment of Foot and the 66th Regiment of Foot.The regiment was originally formed as The Princess Charlotte of Wales's , taking the...
  - 1st battalion London Scottish Regiment
  - 1st battalion London Irish Rifles
    London Irish Rifles
    The London Irish Rifles is now known more formally known as "D Company, London Regiment" and is a volunteer Rifle Regiment with a distinguished history...
- 169th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier L. O. Lyne)
  - 2/5th battalion Queen's Royal Regiment
  - 2/6th battalion Queen's Royal Regiment
  - 2/7th battalion Queen's Royal Regiment
- Divisional troops
  - 64th, 65th, 113th and 142nd Field Regiments, RA
  - 51st Medium Regiment, RA
  - 67th Anti-tank Regiment, RA
  - 100th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, RA
  - 214th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, RA
  - 44th Reconnaissance Regiment
  - 6th battalion Cheshire Regiment (Machine gun)
  - 220th, 221st and 501st Field Companies, RE
  - 563rd Field Park Company, RE
  - 40th Royal Tank Regiment (One squadron attached from Corps troops
Corps Troops
- British 23rd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier R. H. E. Arkwright)
  - 40th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)
  - 50th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)
  - 11th battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps
    King's Royal Rifle Corps
    The King's Royal Rifle Corps was a British Army infantry regiment, originally raised in colonial North America as the Royal Americans, and recruited from American colonists. Later ranked as the 60th Regiment of Foot, the regiment served for more than 200 years throughout the British Empire...
- 2nd Special Service Brigade
  Special Service Brigade
  The Special Service Brigade was a formation of the British Army during the Second World War.It was formed in 1940, after the call for volunteers for Special Service who eventually became the British Commandos.-Background:...
  
  (Brigadier T. D. L. Churchill)
  - No. 9 Commando
    No. 9 Commando
    No. 9 Commando was a battalion-sized commando raised by the British Army during the Second World War. They took art in raids across the English Channel and in the Mediterranean ending the was in Italy as part of the 2nd Special Service Brigade...
  - No. 10 (Inter Allied) Commando
  - No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando
  - No. 43 (Royal Marine) Commando (less detachments)
- 2nd Army Group, RA (under command)
  - 78th Field Regiment, RA
  - 69th, 74th and 140th Medium Regiments, RA
  - 56th Heavy Regiment, RA
  - 146th Field Regiment, RA

U.S. II Corps
U.S. II Corps
The II Corps was a corps of the United States Army and the first US formation of any size to see combat in Europe or Africa during World War II.-World War I:...

(centre)

Major-General Geoffrey Keyes

Geoffrey Keyes

-External links:...

U.S. 1st Armored Division
1st Armored Division (United States)
The 1st Armored Division—nicknamed "Old Ironsides"—is a standing armored division of the United States Army with base of operations in Fort Bliss, Texas. It was the first armored division of the U.S...

(Major General Ernest N. Harmon
Ernest N. Harmon
Ernest Nason Harmon was a United States Army general. He is best known for his actions in reorganizing U.S. II Corps after the debacle at the Battle of the Kasserine Pass in North Africa during World War II....

)
- 1st Armored Infantry Regiment
  - 6th, 11th and 14th Armoured Infantry Battalions
- 1st Armored Regiment
  - 1st, 4th and 13th Tank Battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 27th, 68th and 91st Armored Field Artillery Batteries
  - 16th Engineer Battalion
    16th Engineer Battalion (United States)
    The 16th Engineer Battalion is a Combat Engineer Battalion in the United States Army, first establishedn in 1935-Lineage:*Constituted 11 December 1935 in the Regular Army as the 16th Engineer Regiment...
  - 81st Reconnaissance Squadron
U.S. 34th Infantry Division (Major General Charles W. Ryder)
- 133rd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions (1st, 3rd, 100th)
- 135th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- 168th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 125th, 151st and 175th Light Artillery Batteries
  - 185th Medium Artillery Battery
  - 109th Engineer Battalion
U.S. 36th Infantry Division (Major General Fred Walker)
- 141st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- 142nd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- 143rd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 131st, 132nd and 133rd Light Artillery Batteries
  - 155th Medium Artillery Battery
  - 111th Engineer Battalion
1st Special Service Force
Devil's Brigade
The Devil's Brigade , was a joint World War II American-Canadian commando unit organized in 1942 and trained at Fort William Henry Harrison near Helena, Montana in the United States...

(Brigadier-General Robert T. Frederick
Robert T. Frederick
Robert Tryon Frederick was a highly decorated American combat commander during World War II, who commanded the 1st Special Service Force, the 1st Airborne Task Force and the 45th Infantry Division.-Career:...

)
- 3 Regiments of two battalions. Each battalion two companies.
- 1 battery airborne artillery
1st Italian Motorised Group (Brigadier-General Vincenzo di Pino)
- 67th Infantry Regiment
- 51st Bersaglieri Battalion
- 11th Artillery Regiment
- 5th Anti-tank Regiment
- One engineer battalion

French Expeditionary Corps
French Expeditionary Corps (1943-1944)
The French Expeditionary Corps , also known as the French Expeditionary Corps in Italy , was an expeditionary force composed of French soldiers that fought in the Italian Campaign during World War II under the command of General Alphonse Juin....

(right)

General Alphonse Juin

Alphonse Juin

- Early years :Juin was born at Bône in French Algeria, and enlisted in the French Army, graduating from the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr in 1912.- Career :...

3rd Algerian Infantry Division
3rd Algerian Infantry Division
The 3rd Algerian Infantry Division was an infantry division of the French Army during the last half of the Second World War. The 3e DIA had one of the most successful combat records of any French Army division during the Second World War. It paid a high price for this distinction, suffering more...

(Major-General de Goislard de Monsabert)
- 3rd Algerian Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 4th Tunisian Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 7th Algerian Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 4th Group of Tabors
  Tabor (Morocco)
  A tabor is a Moroccan military term used to describe a formation of three or four goums. A goum in this case is equivalent to a Company and a tabor would thereby be equivalent to a Battalion...
  - 3 tabors
- Divisional troops
  - 67th Algerian Artillery Regiment
  - 83rd Algerian Engineer Battalion
  - 3rd Algerian Spahis Reconnaissance Regiment
2nd Moroccan Infantry Division (Brigadier-General André W. Dody)
- 4th Moroccan Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 5th Moroccan Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 8th Moroccan Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 3rd Group of Tabors
  - 3 tabors
- Divisional troops
  - 63rd Algerian Artillery Regiment
  - 87th Algerian Engineer Battalion
  - 3rd Moroccan Spahis Reconnaissance Regiment

Army Reserve

U.S. 45th Infantry Division (Major General William W. Eagles)

Was sent to Anzio

Operation Shingle

Operation Shingle , during the Italian Campaign of World War II, was an Allied amphibious landing against Axis forces in the area of Anzio and Nettuno, Italy. The operation was commanded by Major General John P. Lucas and was intended to outflank German forces of the Winter Line and enable an...

and took no part in the fighting at Cassino

German Army Group C
Army Group C
Army Group C was an army group of the German Wehrmacht during the Second World War.-Career:Army Group C was set up from Heeresgruppenkommando 2 in Frankfurt on 26 August 1939...

Commander:

Field Marshal

Generalfeldmarschall

Field Marshal or Generalfeldmarschall in German, was a rank in the armies of several German states and the Holy Roman Empire; in the Austrian Empire, the rank Feldmarschall was used...

Albert Kesselring

Albert Kesselring was a German Luftwaffe Generalfeldmarschall during World War II. In a military career that spanned both World Wars, Kesselring became one of Nazi Germany's most skilful commanders, being one of 27 soldiers awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords...

XIV Panzer Corps

Lieutenant-General Frido von Senger und Etterlin

German 5th Mountain Division
German 5th Mountain Division
The German 5th Mountain Division was established in the Austrian Tirol in October 1940, out of regiments taken from the 1. Gebirgs-Division and the 10. Infanterie Division. Its first action was in the 1941 Balkans Campaign, when it took part in Operations Marita and Merkur ; in the latter it was...

(until 17 January)
- 85th Mountain Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 100th Mountain Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 95th Reconnaissance battalion
  - 95th Mountain Artillery battalion
  - 95th Anti-tank battalion
  - 95th Mountain Engineer battalion
German 15th Panzer Grenadier Division
- 104th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 115th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 129th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 115th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
  - 115th Panzer battalion
  - 33rd Artillery battalion
  - 33rd Anti-tank battalion
  - 115th Engineer battalion
German 44th Reichsgrenadier Division Hoch und Deutschchmeister
- 131st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 132nd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 134th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 44th Fusilier battalion
  - 96th Artillery Regiment
  - 46th Anti-tank battalion
  - 96th Engineer battalion
German 94th Infantry Division
94th Infantry Division (Germany)
The 94th Infantry Division was a German Army infantry division in World War II.-Formation and the west campaign:...
- 267th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 274th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 276th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 94th Fusilier battalion
  - 194th Artillery Regiment
  - 194th Anti-tank battalion
  - 94th Engineer battalion
German 71st Infantry Division (from 17 January)
- 191st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 194th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 211st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 171st Fusilier battalion
  - 171st Artillery Regiment
  - 171st Anti-tank battalion
  - 171st Engineer battalion
3rd Panzer Grenadier Division (relieved 5th Mountain Division on 17 January)
- 8th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions

German I Parachute Corps

Under Kesselring's direct command)

Lieutenant-General Alfred Schlemm

Alfred Schlemm

Alfred Schlemm was a German General der Fallschirmtruppe in the Wehrmacht. His last command in World War II opposed the advance of the First Canadian Army through the Reichswald in February 1945....

German 29th Panzergrenadier Division
- 15th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 71st Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 129th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
  - 129th Panzer battalion
  - 29th Artillery Regiment
  - 29th Anti-tank battalion
  - 29th Engineer battalion
German 90th Panzergrenadier Division
- 155th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 200th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 361st Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 190th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
  - 190th Panzer battalion
  - 190th Artillery Regiment
  - 90th Anti-tank battalion
  - 90th Engineer battalion

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Allied Armies in ItalyAllied Armies in ItalyAllied Armies in Italy, commanded by Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander, was the title of the highest Allied field headquarters in Italy, during the middle part of the Italian campaign...