Bar-winged Prinia
Encyclopedia
The Bar-winged Prinia is a species of bird
in the cisticola family Cisticolidae
. The species is sometimes known as the Bar-winged Wren-warbler.
It is endemic to Indonesia
, where it occurs on the islands of Sumatra
(where it occurs on the east of the island), Java
and Bali
. It occupies a wide range of habitats, from mangrove forest at sea level to montane forest, and is tolerant of human modified environments such as gardens, parks and plantations. The presence of humans within its range is common and its willingness to adapt to the subsequent modified landscapes means it is not threatened with extinction.
The Bar-winged Prinia is a distinctive prinia
, 13 cm long and weighing 8-10 gm. The plumage
is white grading to yellow below with a grey cap and brown back and wings and a distinctive white double wingbar. The rump is yellow and the tail brown, with orange legs. Both sexes are alike and the juveniles resemble the adults. The song is a loud and repetitive high pitched chweet-chweet-chweet.
The Bar-winged Prinia feeds on insects. It forages by gleaning
from leaves and other surfaces, and it will forage from the ground to the tops of trees. During the non-breeding season it occurs in groups with others of its species, but when breeding it is territorial (although the breeding season is poorly defined, mostly occurring in March to June in Java but some breeding occurring throughout the year. The species constructs an oblong domed nest suspended with spiderweb to branches, usually placed low to the ground. Not much is known about its breeding biology, but it does have a clutch size
of between two to four eggs.
In Indonesia
this bird is called burung murai, or prenjak (in Javanese), or cici (in Betawi).
Bird
Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...
in the cisticola family Cisticolidae
Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae family of small passerine birds is a group of about 110 warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are often included within the Old World warbler family Sylviidae....
. The species is sometimes known as the Bar-winged Wren-warbler.
It is endemic to Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
, where it occurs on the islands of Sumatra
Sumatra
Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...
(where it occurs on the east of the island), Java
Java
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
and Bali
Bali
Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east...
. It occupies a wide range of habitats, from mangrove forest at sea level to montane forest, and is tolerant of human modified environments such as gardens, parks and plantations. The presence of humans within its range is common and its willingness to adapt to the subsequent modified landscapes means it is not threatened with extinction.
The Bar-winged Prinia is a distinctive prinia
Prinia
The prinias are a genus of small insectivorous birds belonging to the passerine bird family Cisticolidae. They are often also alternatively classed in the Old World warbler family, Sylviidae. The name of the genus is derived from the Javanese prinya, the local name for the Bar-winged Prinia.The...
, 13 cm long and weighing 8-10 gm. The plumage
Plumage
Plumage refers both to the layer of feathers that cover a bird and the pattern, colour, and arrangement of those feathers. The pattern and colours of plumage vary between species and subspecies and can also vary between different age classes, sexes, and season. Within species there can also be a...
is white grading to yellow below with a grey cap and brown back and wings and a distinctive white double wingbar. The rump is yellow and the tail brown, with orange legs. Both sexes are alike and the juveniles resemble the adults. The song is a loud and repetitive high pitched chweet-chweet-chweet.
The Bar-winged Prinia feeds on insects. It forages by gleaning
Gleaning (birds)
Gleaning is a term for a feeding strategy by birds in which they catch invertebrate prey, mainly arthropods, by plucking them from foliage or the ground, from crevices such as rock faces and under the eaves of houses, or even, as in the case of ticks and lice, from living animals. This behavior is...
from leaves and other surfaces, and it will forage from the ground to the tops of trees. During the non-breeding season it occurs in groups with others of its species, but when breeding it is territorial (although the breeding season is poorly defined, mostly occurring in March to June in Java but some breeding occurring throughout the year. The species constructs an oblong domed nest suspended with spiderweb to branches, usually placed low to the ground. Not much is known about its breeding biology, but it does have a clutch size
Clutch (eggs)
A clutch of eggs refers to all the eggs produced by birds or reptiles, often at a single time, particularly those laid in a nest.In birds, destruction of a clutch by predators, , results in double-clutching...
of between two to four eggs.
In Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
this bird is called burung murai, or prenjak (in Javanese), or cici (in Betawi).