Au-Haidhausen
Encyclopedia
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Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
city of Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
, Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
. It is formed by the Au
Au (Munich)
Au is a district in the south eastern plain tract of the German city of Munich in Bavaria. Au extends from the Deutsches Museum in the north and along the Isar up to Wittelsbacherbrücke in the south....
and Haidhausen
Haidhausen (Munich)
Haidhausen is a suburb in Munich, Germany. It is now part of the borough —or stadtbezirk— number 5 Au-Haidhausen.-Location:Haidhausen is located above the suburb Au...
districts.
Location
Au lies opposite the Altstadt of the city on the easterly plain tract of the IsarIsar
The Isar is a river in Tyrol, Austria and Bavaria, Germany. Its source is in the Karwendel range of the Alps in Tyrol; it enters Germany near Mittenwald, and flows through Bad Tölz, Munich, and Landshut before reaching the Danube near Deggendorf. At 295 km in length, it is the fourth largest river...
. Haidhausen is above Au on the Isar's uplands. Au-Haidhausen borders Bogenhausen
Bogenhausen
Bogenhausen is the 13th borough of Munich, Germany. It is the geographically largest borough of Munich and comprises the city's north-eastern quarter, reaching from the Isar on the eastern side of the Englischer Garten to the city limits, bordering on Unterföhring to the north, Aschheim to the east...
to the north, Berg am Laim to the east, Obergiesing to the south, level with the flow of the Isar at Untergiesing, ending in the west at the river.
History and description
Au and Haidhausen used to be hostel areas for trade workers and day labourers previous to the Münchner Tor. Both formerly independent munincipalities were incorporated on 1 October 1854 and developed into suburbs in the GründerzeitGründerzeit
' refers to the economic phase in 19th century Germany and Austria before the great stock market crash of 1873. At this time in Central Europe the age of industrialisation was taking place, whose beginnings were found in the 1840s...
. Many breweries were located on the high banks of the Isar, thus right on the edge of the terrace. These were good locations for deep natural water sources and beer cellars; for this reason, the name "Keller" (cellar) is still used to refer to the brewery-restaurants nearby. Near Rosenheimer Platz on Rosenheimer street stood the Bürgerbräukeller, the location of the first assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party , commonly referred to as the Nazi Party). He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and head of state from 1934 to 1945...
. Today, one of the largest breweries in Munich can be found there: Paulaner
Paulaner
Paulaner is a German brewery, established in the early 17th century in Munich by the Minim friars of the Neudeck ob der Au cloister. The mendicant order and the brewery are named after Francis of Paola, the founder of the order....
, in Au.
Even though the structural integrity of buildings in Au was heavily compromised during the Second World War and only a fifth of buildings dated before 1919 still stand, the historical townscape of Haidhausen remains largely intact. Of high constructional significance is the Franzosenviertel ("the French quarter"), so called because of given street names to locations of victory in battles of the German-French War
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia was aided by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and...
. The existence of good condition housing lead to Haidhausen becoming the second largest area of redevelopment in the 1970s, alongside Schwanthalerhöhe. This property redevelopment and revaluation triggered by the uupgrade of accommodation lead to not only restructuring of a suburb to the outskirts of the area, but also a change of image, thus putting Haidhausen in competition with Schwabing as a trendy area to live in Munich.
The balanced mixture of accommodation and living in Au and Haidhausen has shifted towards housing; this is due to the outsourcing of otherwise bothersome trades. Most jobs in the district lie in service industries and other public areas.
Haidhausen accommodates the Bayerische Landtag
Landtag of Bavaria
The Landtag of Bavaria is the unicameral legislature of the state of Bavaria in Germany. Between 1946 and 1999 there was an upper house, the Senate of Bavaria. The parliament meets in the Maximilianeum....
in the Maximilianeum
Maximilianeum
The Maximilianeum, a palatial building in Munich, was built as the home of a gifted students' foundation and has also housed the Bavarian Landtag since 1949.The principal was King Maximilian II of Bavaria, who started the project in 1857...
, the Klinikum rechts der Isar and the Wiener Markt
Wiener Markt
The Wiener Markt is a daily food market in Haidhausen, a district of Munich.The market at Wiener Platz forms the centre of the district of Haidhausen. Here you can stock up on all the foods for your everyday needs...
. On the northern border the Friedensengel (peace angel) towers above the city on the Isar plateau. If one follows Prinzregentenstraße. from there to the east, around 100 metres along on the right hand side is the Villa Stuck, that the "Malerfürst" ("Painter prince") Franz von Stuck allowed to be constructed according to his own blueprints. As of 2004 the entirely reconditioned buildings of the Villa and the former studio is now an art museum. Further east down Prinzregentenstraße lies the Prinzregententheater
Prinzregententheater
The Prinzregententheater, or Prince Regent's Theatre, is a theatre and opera house located at 12 Prinzregentenplatz in the Bavarian city of Munich, Germany.- Building and History :...
, one of the most striking art nouveau
Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau is an international philosophy and style of art, architecture and applied art—especially the decorative arts—that were most popular during 1890–1910. The name "Art Nouveau" is French for "new art"...
theatre buildings in Germany; adjacent to which is the Prinzregentenstadion, which serves as a popular ice skating venue in winter. With the Maria-Theresia-Gymnasium
Maria-Theresia-Gymnasium
Maria-Theresia-Gymnasium is one of Munich's oldest schools. It is situated on Regerplatz in the Munich district Au.Founded in 1899 as a Kreisrealschule, it became a Kreisoberrealschule in 1940 and a state-run Gymnasium in 1965...
in the south the district also accommodates one of the few German Schools of Excellence.
With the Auer Dult taking place three times per year at the Mariahilfplatz, and the tapping of Bock at the Nockherberg in the Salvatorkeller of the Paulaner brewery on the Hochstraße (High street), rebuilt after heavy fire damage, Au has a significant amount of traditional daily culture.
Between the Mariahilfplatz and the Nockherberg, through which the Auer Mühlbach borders, is Neudeck Prison, a youth and female detention centre. The neo-baroque building constructed at the beginning of the 20th century has provisions for 124 detainees. According to 2006 plans, the prison is to be relocated and a hotel established in its place.
In the last few years, the average age of people in both borough districts has become lower. Just under a quarter of the borough's inhabitants are foreigners; by proportion, the east Asian population is the largest of Munich.
Statistics
(As of 31 December, Inhabitants with principal residence)| Year | Inhabitants. | of which Foreigners | Area (ha.) | Inhabitants per ha. | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 52,028 | 13,257 (25,5%) | 421.75 | 123 | Statistisches Taschenbuch München 2001. pdf-Download |
| 2001 | 51,947 | 12,954 (24.9%) | 421.75 | 123 | Statistisches Taschenbuch München 2002. pdf-Download |
| 2002 | 52,000 | 13,007 (25%) | 421.75 | 123 | Statistisches Taschenbuch München 2003. pdf-Download |
| 2003 | 51,636 | 12,759 (24.7%) | 421.75 | 122 | Statistisches Taschenbuch München 2004. pdf-Download |
| 2004 | 51,383 | 12,307 (24.0%) | 421.78 | 122 | Statistisches Taschenbuch München 2005. pdf-Download |
| 2005 | 52,502 | 12,322 (23.5%) | 421.79 | 124 | Statistisches Taschenbuch München 2006. pdf-Download |
(Statistical Pocket Book Munich)