Antonie Augustus Bruijn
Encyclopedia
Antonie Augustus Bruijn (December 27, 1842 - August 11, 1890) was a Dutch
navy officer, naturalist and trader in naturalia from the Dutch East Indies
. He was the son in law of mr Duivenbode who from 1858 to 1861 provided lodging and assistance to Alfred Russel Wallace
when he traveled through the Mollucan islands.
as number six of eight children of Pieter Alidanus Bruijn (b 1799) and Henrietta Gabrielle Maris van Oordt (b 1804). Pieter Alidanus Bruijn was a chief engineer shipbuilder for the Royal Dutch Navy (Koninklijke Marine).
Bruijn entered the service of the Royal Dutch Navy in Den Helder
at early age. In 1857 he was appointed naval Cadet 3rd class and in 1861 sailed for the first time to the Dutch East Indies
. In 1864 he was promoted to lieutenant 2nd class. In 1865 he was the captain commander of the national guard of the Sultan of Ternate
. In 1867 he requested for absence without leave because of health reasons and on October 2, 1867 he was honorably discharged.
) in Ternate. She was the daughter of Maarten Dirkz van Renesse van Duivenbode. This was the man Alfred Russel Wallace
called "...Mr. Duivenbode, a native of Ternate from an ancient Dutch family..." Mr Duivenbode served the Dutch Trade Company (Nederlandse Handelmaatschappij) as a merchant, he was captain, commander and later honorary major. He was the owner of many ships, plantations and the whole district of Doalasi. Because of his wealth he was nicknamed the "King of Ternate". According to Wallace he was richer and more important than the real sultan of Ternate.
like Gilolo
. During this period, 9 march 1858 he sent the manuscript Tendency of varieties to depart indefinite from the original type to Charles Darwin
who received this document on 18 June 1858 which urged him to finish his famous On the Origin of Species. Darwin considered Wallace's idea to be identical to his concept of natural selection.
(Leiden), Tommaso Salvadori
(Turin
) and the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
in Paris
. Bruijn sent in 1877 an expedition to New-Guinea (Vogelkop
, the land of the Karons) to do ethnographic studies and to collect specimens of Zaglossus bruijnii. Further on there is little known about Bruijn's life in Ternate. Much more is known about his father in law (see above).
There are four birds species that are named after him: Waigeo Brushturkey (Aepypodius bruijnii), Red-breasted Pygmy Parrot (Micropsitta bruijnii), Torrent-lark
(Grallina bruijni) and Pale-billed Sicklebill
(Drepanornis bruijnii). Further Mantou's Riflebird
and two mammal species: Western long-beaked echidna
(Zaglossus bruijnii) and Lowland Brush Mouse
(Pogonomelomys bruijni) and one lizard: Bruijni Forest Dragon (Hypsilurus
bruijni).
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
navy officer, naturalist and trader in naturalia from the Dutch East Indies
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....
. He was the son in law of mr Duivenbode who from 1858 to 1861 provided lodging and assistance to Alfred Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist...
when he traveled through the Mollucan islands.
Early years as a naval officer
Antonie Bruijn was born at RotterdamRotterdam
Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
as number six of eight children of Pieter Alidanus Bruijn (b 1799) and Henrietta Gabrielle Maris van Oordt (b 1804). Pieter Alidanus Bruijn was a chief engineer shipbuilder for the Royal Dutch Navy (Koninklijke Marine).
Bruijn entered the service of the Royal Dutch Navy in Den Helder
Den Helder
Den Helder is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Den Helder occupies the northernmost point of the North Holland peninsula...
at early age. In 1857 he was appointed naval Cadet 3rd class and in 1861 sailed for the first time to the Dutch East Indies
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....
. In 1864 he was promoted to lieutenant 2nd class. In 1865 he was the captain commander of the national guard of the Sultan of Ternate
Sultanate of Ternate
The Sultanate of Ternate was originally named the Kingdom of Gapi, but later change the name base of its capital, Ternate. The sultanate is one of the oldest Muslim kingdoms in Indonesia, established by Baab Mashur Malamo in 1257...
. In 1867 he requested for absence without leave because of health reasons and on October 2, 1867 he was honorably discharged.
Life on Ternate
In 1865 he married to Adolphine Susanna Wilhelmina van Rennesse van Duivenbode (1844 Ternate -1919 DelftDelft
Delft is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland , the Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam and The Hague....
) in Ternate. She was the daughter of Maarten Dirkz van Renesse van Duivenbode. This was the man Alfred Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist...
called "...Mr. Duivenbode, a native of Ternate from an ancient Dutch family..." Mr Duivenbode served the Dutch Trade Company (Nederlandse Handelmaatschappij) as a merchant, he was captain, commander and later honorary major. He was the owner of many ships, plantations and the whole district of Doalasi. Because of his wealth he was nicknamed the "King of Ternate". According to Wallace he was richer and more important than the real sultan of Ternate.
Wallace and Van Duivenboden
Wallace travelled from 1854 tot 1862 through the Malay Archipelago. From January 1858 on, he stayed three years on Ternate in a house owned by Van Duivenbode and used this house a a base camp for expeditions to other Maluku IslandsMaluku Islands
The Maluku Islands are an archipelago that is part of Indonesia, and part of the larger Maritime Southeast Asia region. Tectonically they are located on the Halmahera Plate within the Molucca Sea Collision Zone...
like Gilolo
Halmahera
Halmahera is the largest island in the Maluku Islands. It is part of the North Maluku province of Indonesia.Halmahera has a land area of 17,780 km² and a population in 1995 of 162,728...
. During this period, 9 march 1858 he sent the manuscript Tendency of varieties to depart indefinite from the original type to Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin FRS was an English naturalist. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection.He published his theory...
who received this document on 18 June 1858 which urged him to finish his famous On the Origin of Species. Darwin considered Wallace's idea to be identical to his concept of natural selection.
Bruijn's legacy
As a trader in naturalia Anton Bruijn delivered items to Hermann SchlegelHermann Schlegel
Hermann Schlegel was a German ornithologist and herpetologist.-Early life and education:Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history...
(Leiden), Tommaso Salvadori
Tommaso Salvadori
Count Adelardo Tommaso Salvadori Paleotti was an Italian zoologist and ornithologist.Salvadori was born in Porto San Giorgio, son of Count Luigi Salvadori and Ethel. He took an early interest in birds and published a catalogue of the birds of Sardinia in 1862...
(Turin
Turin
Turin is a city and major business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the Po River and surrounded by the Alpine arch. The population of the city proper is 909,193 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat...
) and the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
The Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle is the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, France.- History :The museum was formally founded on 10 June 1793, during the French Revolution...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. Bruijn sent in 1877 an expedition to New-Guinea (Vogelkop
Bird's Head Peninsula
The Bird's Head Peninsula or Doberai Peninsula is a large peninsula that makes up the northwest portion of the Province of West Papua, Indonesia.-Location and geography:...
, the land of the Karons) to do ethnographic studies and to collect specimens of Zaglossus bruijnii. Further on there is little known about Bruijn's life in Ternate. Much more is known about his father in law (see above).
There are four birds species that are named after him: Waigeo Brushturkey (Aepypodius bruijnii), Red-breasted Pygmy Parrot (Micropsitta bruijnii), Torrent-lark
Torrent-lark
The Torrentlark is a species of bird in the Monarchidae family.It is found in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montanes....
(Grallina bruijni) and Pale-billed Sicklebill
Pale-billed Sicklebill
The Pale-billed Sicklebill, Drepanornis bruijnii, is a medium-sized, about 35 cm long, olive brown bird of paradise. The male has a bare purple grey skin around its eye, brown iris, pale sickle-like bill, an iridescent red and purple-tipped upper breast plumes, blue and green-tipped ornamental...
(Drepanornis bruijnii). Further Mantou's Riflebird
Mantou's Riflebird
Mantou’s Riflebird, also known as Bruijn’s Riflebird, is a bird in the family Paradisaeidae that is presumed to be an intergeneric hybrid between a Twelve-wired Bird of Paradise and Magnificent Riflebird.-History:...
and two mammal species: Western long-beaked echidna
Western Long-beaked Echidna
The western long-beaked echidna is one of the four extant echidnas and one of three species of Zaglossus that occur in New Guinea. As Tachyglossus bruijni, this is the type species of Zaglossus....
(Zaglossus bruijnii) and Lowland Brush Mouse
Lowland Brush Mouse
The Lowland Brush Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.It is found in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
(Pogonomelomys bruijni) and one lizard: Bruijni Forest Dragon (Hypsilurus
Hypsilurus
Hypsilurus is a genus of lizard, it contains the following species:*Hypsilurus auritus*Hypsilurus binotatus *Hypsilurus boydii *Hypsilurus bruijnii...
bruijni).
Source
- Heij, dr. C.J. (2011) Biographical Notes of Antonie Augustus Bruijn (1842-1890). IBP Press, Bogor. ISBN 978-979-493-294-0.