2011 Summer Universiade
Encyclopedia
The 2011 Summer Universiade, the XXVI Summer Universiade
, was hosted in Shenzhen
, Guangdong
, China
.
, Russia, Kaohsiung
, Taiwan, Shenzhen
, China, Murcia
, Spain, and Poznań
, Poland were in contention for the Games. On 16 January 2007, FISU announced at the conference prior to the 2007 Winter Universiade
, that the host would be Shenzhen. With five candidates, it was the most competitive race to host a Universiade. Edmonton
, Canada was also posed to make a serious bid, but withdrew.
Shenzhen was not considered a favorite, as several other sporting competitions have been assigned to China in recent years, including the 2008 Summer Olympics
in Beijing, the 2009 Winter Universiade
in Harbin
, and the 2010 Asian Games
in Guangzhou
. Also, as a city, Shenzhen is only 30 years old as of 2010 and lacks the experience to host a major sporting competition compared to the other candidates' experience.
were opened. The preparation cost was estimated to exceed 180 billion RMB, including 75 billion RMB spent on new subway lines, 12 billion RMB on facelifting buildings and streets and 4.1 billion RMB spent on the 60,000-seat stadium.
Furthermore 200 of BYD‟s all-electric eBUS’s and 300 of BYD‟s all-electric e6’s (a 5 passenger sedan that serves well as an eTaxi), this new energy fleet now becomes the largest of its kind in the World. Chuanfu Wang, the Chairman and President of BYD Co., Ltd., signed on behalf of BYD at a formal ceremony with representatives from Shenzhen Bus Group, Shenzhen Eastern Bus Group and Shenzhen Western Bus Co.
After the conclusion of the international multi-sport events at the 2011 Universiade Games, the eBUS‟s and eTaxi‟s will continue serving as public transportation for Shenzhen City.
On the down side, 80,000 residents were evicted from the city for reasons such as lack of regular employment because they were deemed "a threat" to the Universiade. The move was highly controversial and sparked a debate on the legality of the policy.
Residents of apartment buildings close to the stadium were ordered to leave their houses for five hours but to leave the lights on. 15,000 paramilitary police from other cities were deployed in Shenzhen, in addition to Shenzhen's own 5,000-strong force.
Shenzhen Airport was ordered closed during the opening ceremony, affecting up to 290 flights.
According to the head of Shenzhen's Communist Party division, Wang Rong, all this was done to prevent embarrassment of China in front of the world, as many foreigners will be present in the city during the Games.
Early reports promised the city would build 12 new stadiums and gyms in the Futian
, Nanshan and Luohu
districts. A new International Olympic Centre featuring a 60,000-seat main stadium
, a 18,000-seat gym
, a 13.4-square-kilometre park and other facilities, will also be established in Longgang
District. In the end 21 Newly Built Venues and Stadiums successfully completed.
(host)
(4)
Universiade
The Universiade is an International multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation . The name is a combination of the words "University" and "olympiad"...
, was hosted in Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Shenzhen is a major city in the south of Southern China's Guangdong Province, situated immediately north of Hong Kong. The area became China's first—and one of the most successful—Special Economic Zones...
, Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...
, China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
.
Bid selection
The cities of KazanKazan
Kazan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. With a population of 1,143,546 , it is the eighth most populous city in Russia. Kazan lies at the confluence of the Volga and Kazanka Rivers in European Russia. In April 2009, the Russian Patent Office granted Kazan the...
, Russia, Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung is a city located in southwestern Taiwan, facing the Taiwan Strait on the west. Kaohsiung, officially named Kaohsiung City, is divided into thirty-eight districts. The city is one of five special municipalities of the Republic of China...
, Taiwan, Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Shenzhen is a major city in the south of Southern China's Guangdong Province, situated immediately north of Hong Kong. The area became China's first—and one of the most successful—Special Economic Zones...
, China, Murcia
Murcia
-History:It is widely believed that Murcia's name is derived from the Latin words of Myrtea or Murtea, meaning land of Myrtle , although it may also be a derivation of the word Murtia, which would mean Murtius Village...
, Spain, and Poznań
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
, Poland were in contention for the Games. On 16 January 2007, FISU announced at the conference prior to the 2007 Winter Universiade
2007 Winter Universiade
The 2007 Winter Universiade, the XXIII Winter Universiade, took place in Turin, Italy from January 17 to January 27, 2007.-Opening ceremony:The Opening Ceremony of the XXIII Winter Universiade Torino 2007 was held with a cast of acrobats, circus performers and dancers.The evening began with the...
, that the host would be Shenzhen. With five candidates, it was the most competitive race to host a Universiade. Edmonton
Edmonton
Edmonton is the capital of the Canadian province of Alberta and is the province's second-largest city. Edmonton is located on the North Saskatchewan River and is the centre of the Edmonton Capital Region, which is surrounded by the central region of the province.The city and its census...
, Canada was also posed to make a serious bid, but withdrew.
Shenzhen was not considered a favorite, as several other sporting competitions have been assigned to China in recent years, including the 2008 Summer Olympics
2008 Summer Olympics
The 2008 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, was a major international multi-sport event that took place in Beijing, China, from August 8 to August 24, 2008. A total of 11,028 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees competed in 28 sports and 302 events...
in Beijing, the 2009 Winter Universiade
2009 Winter Universiade
The 2009 Winter Universiade, the XXIV Winter Universiade took place in Harbin, China. Student athletes from 44 countries took part in the games.-Selection:Harbin was selected by FISU on January 10, 2005 over future 2011 Winter Universiade host city Erzurum...
in Harbin
Harbin
Harbin ; Manchu language: , Harbin; Russian: Харби́н Kharbin ), is the capital and largest city of Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China, lying on the southern bank of the Songhua River...
, and the 2010 Asian Games
2010 Asian Games
The 2010 Asian Games, also known as the XVI Asiad, was a multi-sport event celebrated in Guangzhou, China from November 12 to November 27, 2010. Guangzhou was the second Chinese city to host the Games, after Beijing in 1990...
in Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
. Also, as a city, Shenzhen is only 30 years old as of 2010 and lacks the experience to host a major sporting competition compared to the other candidates' experience.
Preparation
In preparation for the event, Shenzhen has built numerous infrastructure objects. In particular, several new lines of Shenzhen MetroShenzhen Metro
The Shenzhen Metro is the subway or underground system for the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong province, China. The system opened on 28 December 2004, making Shenzhen the seventh city in mainland China to have a subway after Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Dalian, and Wuhan. The Shenzhen...
were opened. The preparation cost was estimated to exceed 180 billion RMB, including 75 billion RMB spent on new subway lines, 12 billion RMB on facelifting buildings and streets and 4.1 billion RMB spent on the 60,000-seat stadium.
Furthermore 200 of BYD‟s all-electric eBUS’s and 300 of BYD‟s all-electric e6’s (a 5 passenger sedan that serves well as an eTaxi), this new energy fleet now becomes the largest of its kind in the World. Chuanfu Wang, the Chairman and President of BYD Co., Ltd., signed on behalf of BYD at a formal ceremony with representatives from Shenzhen Bus Group, Shenzhen Eastern Bus Group and Shenzhen Western Bus Co.
After the conclusion of the international multi-sport events at the 2011 Universiade Games, the eBUS‟s and eTaxi‟s will continue serving as public transportation for Shenzhen City.
On the down side, 80,000 residents were evicted from the city for reasons such as lack of regular employment because they were deemed "a threat" to the Universiade. The move was highly controversial and sparked a debate on the legality of the policy.
Residents of apartment buildings close to the stadium were ordered to leave their houses for five hours but to leave the lights on. 15,000 paramilitary police from other cities were deployed in Shenzhen, in addition to Shenzhen's own 5,000-strong force.
Shenzhen Airport was ordered closed during the opening ceremony, affecting up to 290 flights.
According to the head of Shenzhen's Communist Party division, Wang Rong, all this was done to prevent embarrassment of China in front of the world, as many foreigners will be present in the city during the Games.
Venues
Futian
Futian District is one of seven districts of the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong province, China. It is home to many high-rises, with some of the most important buildings in Shenzhen, such as the SEG Tower, China Merchants Bank, Shenzhen Library and Concert Hall, Shenzhen Development Bank and the...
, Nanshan and Luohu
Luohu
Luohu District is a district of Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.-Geography:The size of Luohu district is about 78.9 km² and contains 10 subdistricts....
districts. A new International Olympic Centre featuring a 60,000-seat main stadium
New Shenzhen Stadium
Universiade Center is a description of a new multi-use stadium in Shenzhen, China, that was completed in 2011. It is used mostly for football and athletics competitions and will host some events for the 2011 Summer Universiade. The stadium has a capacity of 60,334 spectators. It opened in August...
, a 18,000-seat gym
New Shenzhen Arena
New Shenzhen Arena is a description of a new indoor arena located in Shenzhen, China. It was completed in 2011 for the 2011 Summer Universiade. It will host the basketball and gymnastics events. The capacity of the arena will be 18,000 spectators and it opened in August 2011.-External links:**...
, a 13.4-square-kilometre park and other facilities, will also be established in Longgang
Longgang
Longgang may refer to the following locations in mainland China or Taiwan:*Longgang District, Huludao , Liaoning*Longgang District, Shenzhen , Guangdong*Longgang Station , railway station in Miaoli County, Taiwan...
District. In the end 21 Newly Built Venues and Stadiums successfully completed.
Tickets
Delegations could obtain complementary tickets before 23 May. As of 24 May (80 days away from the Opening Ceremony), the ticket sale was not yet started. It was announced that tickets will cost between 30 and 300 RMB. In July 2011, tickets went on sale/ to the general public in several phases. Tickets for the opening and closing ceremonies would not be sold to the general public.Sports
Following is a list of the sports that was be contested at the 2011 Summer Universiade:- Aquatics
- Chess
ChessChess is a two-player board game played on a chessboard, a square-checkered board with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. It is one of the world's most popular games, played by millions of people worldwide at home, in clubs, online, by correspondence, and in tournaments.Each player...
(3)
- Cycling
-
_pictogram.svg.png)
BMXBMXBicycle motocross or BMX refers to the sport in which the main goal is extreme racing on bicycles in motocross style on tracks with inline start and expressive obstacles, and it is also the term that refers to the bicycle itself that is designed for dirt and motocross cycling.- History :BMX started...
(2) -
_pictogram.svg.png)
Mountain bikingMountain bikingMountain biking is a sport which consists of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, using specially adapted mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes, but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain.Mountain biking can...
(2) -
_pictogram.svg.png)
RoadRoad bicycle racingRoad bicycle racing is a bicycle racing sport held on roads, using racing bicycles. The term "road racing" is usually applied to events where competing riders start simultaneously with the winner being the first to the line at the end of the course .Historically, the most...
(4) -
_pictogram.svg.png)
TrackTrack cyclingTrack cycling is a bicycle racing sport usually held on specially built banked tracks or velodromes using track bicycles....
(8)
-
- Gymnastics
- AerobicsAerobicsAerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness...
(6) - Artistic Gymnastics
_pictogram.svg.png)
Artistic gymnasticsArtistic gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics where gymnasts perform short routines on different apparatus, with less time for vaulting . The sport is governed by the Federation Internationale de Gymnastique , which designs the Code of Points and regulates all aspects of international elite...
(14) - Rhythmic Gymnastics
_pictogram.svg.png)
Rhythmic gymnasticsRhythmic gymnastics is a sport in which individuals or teams of competitors manipulate one or two pieces of apparatus: rope, clubs, hoop, ball, ribbon and Free . An individual athlete only manipulates 1 apparatus at a time...
(8)
- Aerobics
Medal table
The medal count is as follows:| 1 | 75 | 39 | 31 | 145 | |
| 2 | 42 | 45 | 45 | 132 | |
| 3 | 28 | 21 | 30 | 79 | |
| 4 | 23 | 26 | 38 | 87 | |
| 5 | 17 | 22 | 11 | 50 | |
| 6 | 12 | 5 | 13 | 30 | |
| 7 | 11 | 19 | 14 | 44 | |
| 8 |  Chinese Taipei |
7 | 9 | 16 | 32 |
| 9 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 22 | |
| 10 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 18 | |
| 11 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 9 | |
| 12 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 20 | |
| 13 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 13 | |
| 14 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 16 | |
| 15 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 12 | |
| 16 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 11 | |
| 17 | 4 | 12 | 17 | 33 | |
| 18 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 16 | |
| 19 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 | |
| 20 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | |
| 21 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 14 | |
| 22 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 12 | |
| 23 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 18 | |
| 24 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 | |
| 25 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | |
| 26 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
| 27 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
| 28 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 | |
| 29 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | |
| 30 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | |
| 31 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| 32 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 17 | |
| 33 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 | |
| 34 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | |
| 35 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
| 36 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
| 37 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| 38 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| 39 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | |
| 40 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| 41 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 42 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 43 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 8 | |
| 44 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | |
| 45 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 | |
| 46 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| 47 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | |
| 48 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| 49 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 50 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 51 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 52 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 53 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 54 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 55 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 56 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | |
| 57 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| 58 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 59 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 60 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 61 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 62 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 63 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 64 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 65 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Total | 306 | 302 | 360 | 968 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participating nations
150 countries participated in 2011 Summer Universiade.(host)
(4)
Calendar