1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan was a road

Road transport

Road transport or road transportation is transport on roads of passengers or goods. A hybrid of road transport and ship transport is the historic horse-drawn boat.-History:...

and rail transport

Rail transport

Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail tracks. In contrast to road transport, where vehicles merely run on a prepared surface, rail vehicles are also directionally guided by the tracks they run on...

plan for Melbourne

Melbourne

Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...

, the state capital of Victoria

Victoria (Australia)

Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....

, Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

instituted by Henry Bolte

Henry Bolte

Sir Henry Edward Bolte GCMG was an Australian politician. He was the 38th and longest serving Premier of Victoria.- Early years :...

's state government. It outlined most prominently an extensive freeway network, much of which has since been built.

The plan recommended 510 kilometres (316.9 mi) of freeway for metropolitan Melbourne, as well as extensive rail works, including the city underground loop and two new lines to Doncaster

Doncaster, Victoria

Doncaster is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 15 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Manningham. At the 2006 Census, Doncaster had a population of 17,879....

and Monash University

Monash University

Monash University is a public university based in Melbourne, Victoria. It was founded in 1958 and is the second oldest university in the state. Monash is a member of Australia's Group of Eight and the ASAIHL....

(now Clayton Campus

Monash University, Clayton campus

Monash University, Clayton Campus is the main campus of Monash University located in Clayton, which is a suburb of Melbourne, Australia, in the state of Victoria....

) which were however - never built. Despite the majority of the printed material being devoted to non-car transport, 86 per cent of the projected budget was devoted to roads and parking, with only 14 per cent to other forms of transport.

The plan was described J.M. Thompson in Great Cities and their Traffic as

"clearly ... a highway plan, not – as it is called – a comprehensive transport plan"

, and by historian Graeme Davison as

"the most expansive and expensive freeway experiment in Australian history"

In 1973 the freeway plans were pruned, especially in the inner city, with State Premier Rupert Hamer

Rupert Hamer

Sir Rupert James Hamer, AC, KCMG, ED , generally known until he was knighted in 1982 as Dick Hamer, Australian Liberal Party politician, was the 39th Premier of Victoria, serving from 1972 to 1981.-Early years:...

cancelling all the road reservations for the unbuilt urban freeways in 1976.

Some outer suburban projects continued to be built by subsequent governments under new banners, including EastLink

Eastlink

Eastlink may refer to:* EastLink , a toll road in Melbourne, Australia* East-Link , a toll bridge in Dublin, Ireland* EastLink , a communications provider in Canada...

(by the Steve Bracks

Steve Bracks

Stephen Philip Bracks AC is a former Australian politician and the 44th Premier of Victoria. He first won the electoral district of Williamstown in 1994 for the Australian Labor Party, and was party leader and Premier from 1999 to 2007....

government), the Peninsula Link and North-East Link (by the John Brumby

John Brumby

John Mansfield Brumby , is an Australian Labor Party politician who was Premier of Victoria from 2007 to 2010. He became Premier after the resignation of Steve Bracks. He also served as the Minister for Veterans' Affairs and the Minister for Multicultural Affairs. He contested his first election...

government) as part of the Victorian Transport Plan

Victorian Transport Plan

The Victorian Transport Plan is a now defunct transport planning framework for the state of Victoria, Australia announced on Monday 9 December 2008 by then Premier of Victoria, John Brumby...

Background

The plan consisted of three volumes:

Survey – completed for the Melbourne Transportation Committee by Wilbur Smith & Associates and Len T. Frazer & Associates
Parking – completed for the Melbourne Transportation Committee by Wilbur Smith & Associates and Len T. Frazer & Associates
The Transportation Plan – completed by the Melbourne Transportation Committee.

The scope of the plan specified surveys of vehicular and personal travel, transport facilities, goods movement by road and rail, and central city parking. It built on the previous major Melbourne Transport Plans:

1929 Plan of General Development, Melbourne by the Metropolitan Town Planning Commission, and
1954 Melbourne Metropolitan Planning Scheme by the Melbourne Metropolitan Board of Works

and the minor

1961 Metropolitan Street Service Study by Traffic Commission Victoria.

Goals

The goals of the plan were to:

ensure safe, comfortable and efficient movement of people and goods throughout the design area
maintain a proper balance between public and private transport
make maximum use of the existing facilities and plans and the commitments already embodied in these plans
provide a transport service matched to the expectant demand throughout the design area
provide a system that could be adapted to meet changing conditions and be expanded beyond the design year
provide a transport network which could be implemented with as little interference to the commercial and community structure as possible

Funding

The costs of the development of the plan were shared by the four participating authorities:

Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works
Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works
The Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works was a public utility board in Melbourne, Australia set up to provide water supply, sewerage and sewage treatment functions for the city...
Victorian Railways Commissioners
Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board
Country Roads Board
Country Roads Board
The Country Roads Board was the government authority responsible for the construction and maintenance of main roads in the State of Victoria, Australia between 1913 and 1983. Its first chairman was William Calder who remained in charge until his death in 1928...

Minor contributions were provided by Melbourne City Council and the Transport Regulation Board.

Methodology

The process adopted was:

Inventory of transport facilities, travel and developmental features of the study area
Forecast 1985 travel requirements (estimated population of 3.7 million)
Evaluation of tentative 1985 plan
Periodic review

Organisation

The organisation required to develop the plan included:

Metropolitan Transportation Committee – a statutory body established in 1963 to advise government on all transport factors (and produce the third volume of the plan)
Technical Committee – consisting of senior representatives of transportation and other authorities represented on the main committee, its job was to oversee all the technical matters that arose during surveys and preparation of the plan
Consultants – Wilbur Smith and Associates (from New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven is the second-largest city in Connecticut and the sixth-largest in New England. According to the 2010 Census, New Haven's population increased by 5.0% between 2000 and 2010, a rate higher than that of the State of Connecticut, and higher than that of the state's five largest cities, and...

) and Len T Frazer and Associates (Melbourne)
Study Group – engineers who were assigned from participating authorities to be trained by and then assist the consultants in the collection of data and subsequent analysis This group was expanded to include economists responsible for costing the final plan

Road

The plan proposed a budget of:

$1.675 billion for freeways
$64 million for divided arterial roads
$28 million on new arterial roads
$359 million on widening existing roads and bridges
$95 million for road/rail 80 grade separations

Major radial

Tullamarine Freeway
Tullamarine Freeway
The Tullamarine Freeway is an urban freeway in Melbourne, Australia, linking Melbourne Airport to the central business district.-History:Tullamarine Freeway is one of the oldest freeways in Melbourne, originally constructed in 1968-1970...

– built 1970
Eastern Freeway – built 1977-1997
Southeastern Freeway – now known as the Monash Freeway
Monash Freeway
Monash Freeway is an urban freeway in Victoria, Australia linking Melbourne's CBD to its southeastern suburbs and the Gippsland region. The entire stretch of the Monash Freeway bears the designation...

, built 1970–present
Lower Yarra Freeway – now known as the West Gate Freeway
West Gate Freeway
West Gate Freeway is a freeway in Melbourne, Australia, linking Geelong to Melbourne CBD and beyond. It is also a link between Melbourne and the west and linking industrial and residential areas west of the Yarra River with the city and port areas. The iconic West Gate Bridge is a part of the...

built 1971-1978

Minor radial

Healesville Freeway
Healesville Freeway
The Healesville Freeway is a proposed freeway in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Australia.- Planned route :Starting at Springvale Road in Vermont South, the freeway would head east intersecting EastLink with a full freeway junction, it will then head north east finally joining Mooroolbark Road,...

– not built
Dingley Freeway
Dingley Freeway
The Dingley Arterial is a partially completed arterial standard road which runs east to west through the southern suburbs of Melbourne, Australia....

– partly built, but not of freeway standard (Dandenong Bypass, South Road Extension and Westall Road Extension, and soon to be, Dingley Arterial Project from the Victorian Transport plan)
Mornington Peninsula Freeway
Mornington Peninsula Freeway
Mornington Peninsula Freeway is an incomplete freeway in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, that provides a link from outer suburban Melbourne to the Mornington Peninsula.- History :...

– partly built 1975–present
Frankston Freeway
Frankston Freeway
Frankston Freeway is a very short stretch of Melbourne freeway that was designed to upgrade Wells Road to freeway standard in the 1970s and provides a link from suburban Melbourne to Frankston...

– built 1970s-1980
Greensborough Freeway – partly built, but not of freeway standard (Greensborough Highway
Greensborough Highway
Greensborough Highway is a highway in the north-eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Australia, and is an important route for north-east Melbourne.- Route :...

)

Inner city bypasses

Southern Bypass – now known as CityLink
CityLink
CityLink is a system of tolled urban Highways in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The company Transurban was awarded the contract to augment two existing freeways and construct two new Toll roads—labelled the Western and Southern Links—directly linking a number of existing freeways to...

, built in 1997
Western Bypass – now known as CityLink
CityLink
CityLink is a system of tolled urban Highways in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The company Transurban was awarded the contract to augment two existing freeways and construct two new Toll roads—labelled the Western and Southern Links—directly linking a number of existing freeways to...

, built in 1997

Ring roads

Western Ring Road – built 1990s
Northern Ring Road – now known as the Metropolitan Ring Road, built in 1999
Eastern Ring Road – now known as Eastlink, built in 2008

A link between the eastern and northern ring roads has been discussed as recent as July 2008, but the link would have to pass through the green wedge regions of Warrandyte

Warrandyte, Victoria

Warrandyte is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 24 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Manningham...

, Eltham

Eltham, Victoria

Eltham is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 20 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Nillumbik. At the 2006 Census, Eltham had a population of 17,581....

and Greensborough

Greensborough, Victoria

Greensborough is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 17 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Banyule. At the 2006 Census, Greensborough had a population of 20,214....

. This would require the destruction of areas of native vegetation or tunnels that would be longer than CityLink

CityLink

CityLink is a system of tolled urban Highways in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The company Transurban was awarded the contract to augment two existing freeways and construct two new Toll roads—labelled the Western and Southern Links—directly linking a number of existing freeways to...

Parking

The plan included a proposed budget of $40 million for improvements in parking in the Melbourne central business district.

Buses

The plan included a proposed budget $58 million for bus improvements:

$50 million for 2,540 new buses
$8 million for new bus depots

Rail

The forecasted budget for railway projects was $242 million. Planned rail projects included:

Melbourne Underground Rail Loop (estimated at $80 million and opened in stages from 1981)
Three new railway alignments and one extension (budgeted for $60 million):
- Victoria Park - East Doncaster line
- Huntingdale - Ferntree Gully extension (Rowville Line)
- Dandenong - Frankston extension
- Altona - Westona extension (now part of the Werribee extension and electrification from 1983)
$8 million for extensions of suburban electric service along existing lines to Werribee (completed 1983), Rockbank (electrification to Melton to come), Sunbury (completed to Sydenham in 2002, electrification to Sunbury to come), Craigieburn (completed in 2007), Coldstream (line now closed), Hastings (not considered) and Mornington (line now closed)
$42 million for route capacity improvements on existing lines (upgrades to automatic signalling, duplication of 19 miles (30.6 km) of single track and 33 miles (53.1 km) of new express tracks in existing rights of ways)
$2 million for new stations to be built on existing lines
$35 million on additional suburban trains
$15 million on modal interchanges (substantial increase in car and bus parking at suburban railway stations)

External links

Map showing the 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan's proposed freeways

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