1844 in France
Encyclopedia
See also:
1843 in France
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other events of 1844,
1845 in France
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Events from the year 1844 in France
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1843 in France
1843 in France
See also:1842 in France,other events of 1843,1844 in France.----Events from the year 1843 in France.- April–June :* May 16 – The battle of Smala, a French victory over Algerian forces, led by Henri d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale .- Date unknown :*Sanwi, a traditional kingdom located in the...
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other events of 1844,
1845 in France
1845 in France
See also:1844 in France,other events of 1845,1846 in France.----Events from the year 1845 in France.-Events:*12 October - The Société Mathématique de France was founded....
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Events from the year 1844 in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
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Events
- 6 August - First Franco-Moroccan WarFranco-Moroccan WarsThe Franco-Moroccan War consisted of a series of conflicts fought between France and its colonial administrators on one side, and the sultanate of Morocco on the other....
begins. - 14 August - Battle of IslyBattle of IslyThe Battle of Isly was fought on August 14, 1844 between France and Morocco, near the Isly River. French forces under Marshal Thomas Robert Bugeaud routed a much larger, but poorly organized, Moroccan force under Mohammed, son of sultan Abderrahmane of Morocco...
, French victory over Moroccan forces near OujdaOujdaOujda is a city in eastern Morocco with an estimated population of 1 million. The city is located about 15 kilometers west of Algeria and about 60 kilometers south of the Mediterranean Sea. It is the capital of the Oriental Region of Morocco and the birthplace of the current Algerian president,...
, MoroccoMoroccoMorocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
, ending the First Franco-Moroccan WarFranco-Moroccan WarsThe Franco-Moroccan War consisted of a series of conflicts fought between France and its colonial administrators on one side, and the sultanate of Morocco on the other....
. - 28 August - Friedrich EngelsFriedrich EngelsFriedrich Engels was a German industrialist, social scientist, author, political theorist, philosopher, and father of Marxist theory, alongside Karl Marx. In 1845 he published The Condition of the Working Class in England, based on personal observations and research...
and Karl MarxKarl MarxKarl Heinrich Marx was a German philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His ideas played a significant role in the development of social science and the socialist political movement...
meet in ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. - 10 September - Treaty of TangiersTreaty of TangiersThe Treaty of Tangiers was signed on September 10, 1844 whereby Morocco officially recognized Algeria as part of the French Empire. The advent of the treaty came after the defeat of Morocco in the First Franco-Moroccan War . A second treaty in 1860 forced Morocco to cede Sidi Ifni to the Spanish...
, whereby MoroccoMoroccoMorocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
officially recognized AlgeriaAlgeriaAlgeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
as part of the French EmpireFrench colonial empireThe French colonial empire was the set of territories outside Europe that were under French rule primarily from the 17th century to the late 1960s. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the colonial empire of France was the second-largest in the world behind the British Empire. The French colonial empire...
. - 24 October - Treaty of WhampoaTreaty of WhampoaThe Treaty of Whampoa was a commercial treaty between France and China, which was signed by Théodore de Lagrené and Qiying on October 24, 1844.-Terms:...
, a commercial treaty between France and ChinaQing DynastyThe Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
, is signed. - French Industrial Exposition of 1844French Industrial Exposition of 1844The French Industrial Exposition of 1844, held in a temporary structure on the Champs-Élysées in Paris, was one in a series of eleven French national industrial expositions held to encourage improvements in progressive agriculture and in technology, that had their origins in 1798...
Births
- 21 February - Charles-Marie WidorCharles-Marie WidorCharles-Marie Jean Albert Widor was a French organist, composer and teacher.-Life:Widor was born in Lyon, to a family of organ builders, and initially studied music there with his father, François-Charles Widor, titular organist of Saint-François-de-Sales from 1838 to 1889...
, organist and composer (d.19371937 in FranceSee also:1936 in France,other events of 1937,1938 in France.----Events from the year 1937 in France.-Events:*1 May - General strike in Paris.*21 June - Coalition government of Léon Blum resigns.-Sport:*30 June - Tour de France begins....
). - 26 February - Étienne AymonierÉtienne AymonierÉtienne François Aymonier was a French linguist and explorer. He was the first archaeologist to systematically survey the ruins of the Khmer empire in today's Cambodia, Thailand, Laos and southern Vietnam...
, linguist, explorer and archaeologist (d.19291929 in FranceSee also:1928 in France,other events of 1929,1930 in France.----Events from the year 1929 in France.-Events:*24 July - Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré resigns for medical reasons - he is succeeded by Aristide Briand....
). - 30 March - Paul VerlainePaul VerlainePaul-Marie Verlaine was a French poet associated with the Symbolist movement. He is considered one of the greatest representatives of the fin de siècle in international and French poetry.-Early life:...
, poet (d.18961896 in FranceSee also:1895 in France,other events of 1896,1897 in France.----Events from the year 1897 in France.-January to June:*4 January - André Masson, artist .*19 February - André Breton, writer, poet, and surrealist theorist ....
). - 16 April - Anatole FranceAnatole FranceAnatole France , born François-Anatole Thibault, , was a French poet, journalist, and novelist. He was born in Paris, and died in Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire. He was a successful novelist, with several best-sellers. Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters...
, author, awarded Nobel Prize for Literature in 1921 (d.19241924 in FranceSee also:1923 in France,other events of 1924,1925 in France.----Events from the year 1924 in France.-Events:*29 March - Third Ministry of Raymond Poincaré starts....
). - 21 May - Henri RousseauHenri RousseauHenri Julien Félix Rousseau was a French Post-Impressionist painter in the Naïve or Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier , a humorous description of his occupation as a toll collector...
, painter (d.19101910 in FranceSee also:1909 in France,other events of 1910,1911 in France.----Events from the year 1910 in France.-Events:*16 January - Constant rain in Paris causes the Seine to overflow its banks, flooding the city...
). - 22 October - Sarah BernhardtSarah BernhardtSarah Bernhardt was a French stage and early film actress, and has been referred to as "the most famous actress the world has ever known". Bernhardt made her fame on the stages of France in the 1870s, and was soon in demand in Europe and the Americas...
, actress (d.19231923 in FranceSee also:1922 in France,other events of 1923,1924 in France.----Events from the year 1923 in France.-Events:*11 January - Occupation of the Ruhr begins by French and Belgian troops to force Germany to pay its reparation payments....
). - 23 October - Edouard BranlyEdouard BranlyÉdouard Eugène Désiré Branly was a French inventor, physicist and professor at the Institut Catholique de Paris. He is primarily known for his early involvement in wireless telegraphy and his invention of the Branly coherer around 1890.-Biography:The coherer was the first widely used detector for...
, inventor and physicist (d.19401940 in FranceSee also:1939 in France,other events of 1940,1941 in France.----Events from the year 1940 in France.-Events:*21 March - Édouard Daladier resigns as Prime Minister...
). - 8 December - Charles-Émile ReynaudCharles-Émile ReynaudCharles-Émile Reynaud was a French science teacher, responsible for the first projected animated cartoon films....
, science teacher, responsible for the first animatedAnimationAnimation is the rapid display of a sequence of images of 2-D or 3-D artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of movement. The effect is an optical illusion of motion due to the phenomenon of persistence of vision, and can be created and demonstrated in several ways...
films (d.19181918 in FranceSee also:1917 in France,other events of 1918,1919 in France.----Events from the year 1918 in France.-Events:*21 March - Second Battle of the Somme begins....
).
Deaths
- 1 January - Gustave Maximilien Juste de Croÿ-SolreGustave Maximilien Juste de Croÿ-SolreGustave Maximilien Juste de Croÿ-Solre was a French Cardinal Archbishop of Rouen and a member of the ancient and noble House of Croy....
, CardinalCardinal (Catholicism)A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
, Archbishop of RouenArchbishop of RouenThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rouen is an Archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France. As one of the fifteen Archbishops of France, the ecclesiastical province of the archdiocese comprises the majority of Normandy....
(b.1773). - 25 January - Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'ErlonJean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'ErlonJean-Baptiste Drouet, comte d'Erlon was a marshal of France and a soldier in Napoleon's Army. D'Erlon notably commanded the I Corps of the Armée du Nord at the battle of Waterloo....
, Marshal of FranceMarshal of FranceThe Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
(b.1765). - 27 January - Charles NodierCharles NodierJean Charles Emmanuel Nodier , was a French author who introduced a younger generation of Romanticists to the conte fantastique, gothic literature, vampire tales, and the importance of dreams as part of literary creation, and whose career as a librarian is often underestimated by literary...
, author (b.1780). - 8 March - Charles XIV John of SwedenCharles XIV John of SwedenCharles XIV & III John, also Carl John, Swedish and Norwegian: Karl Johan was King of Sweden and King of Norway from 1818 until his death...
, King of Sweden and Norway, Marshal of FranceMarshal of FranceThe Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
(b.1763). - 26 May - Jacques LaffitteJacques LaffitteJacques Laffitte was a French banker and politician.-Biography:Laffitte was born at Bayonne, one of the ten children of a carpenter....
, banker and politician (b.1767). - 3 June - Louis-Antoine, Duke of AngoulêmeLouis-Antoine, Duke of AngoulemeLouis Antoine of France, Duke of Angoulême was the eldest son of Charles X of France and, from 1824 to 1836, the last Dauphin of France...
, the last Dauphin of France (b.17751775 in FranceSee also:1774 in France,other events of 1775,1776 in France.----Events from the year 1775 in France.-January to June:*20 January - André-Marie Ampère, physicist ....
). - 28 July - Joseph BonaparteJoseph BonaparteJoseph-Napoléon Bonaparte was the elder brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who made him King of Naples and Sicily , and later King of Spain...
, elder brother of Napoleon INapoleon I of FranceNapoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
, who made him King of Naples and Sicily and later King of Spain (b.1768). - 14 November - Flora TristanFlora TristanFlora Tristan was a socialist writer and activist. She was also one of the founders of modern feminism...
, socialist writer and activist (b.18031803 in FranceSee also:1802 in France,other events of 1803,1804 in France.----Events from the year 1803 in France.-Events:*30 January - Monroe and Livingston sail for Paris to discuss, and possibly buy, New Orleans: they end completing the Louisiana Purchase....
).