Ziya Hursit
Encyclopedia
Ziya Hurşit Bey was one of 1st Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi's(Grand National Assembly of Turkey) deputies. He was executed for attempting an assassination
against Mustafa Kemal
.
Ziya Hurşit was born in the town of Çamlıhemşin
of Rize Province
in 1890. He was a Hemshin. He was a member of Kürdoğlu family. He was educated on ship construction and radio
in Gdańsk
, Germany
. He participated in Erzurum Congress
as Trabzon
delegate
. He fought in Independence War
(Turkish War of Independence
) as a volunteer. He took part in 1st TBMM as Lazistan
deputy. He had been a member of Yozgat
Independence Court
for a period of time. But his views differed from Mustafa Kemal
's. Thus he wasn't able to be elected as deputy in 2nd TBMM.
On June 16, 1926, he was arrested for planning an assassination
against Mustafa Kemal
in İzmir
. According to charge made, those who act with Ziya Hurşit, Gürcü Yusuf, Laz
İsmail and Çopur Hilmi, would shot Mustafa Kemal dead in front of Kemeraltı prison
. Ziya Hurşit and his fellow friends, taking advantage of chaos caused, would embark on the boat of Cretan Şevki Bey,which was waiting in the dock
, by a car waiting in the Yemiş bazaar
and flee to Chios
. But at the last moment, as a consequence of Şevki Bey's treachery
by regretting this action(assassination
), Ziya Hurşit and his friends were captured. It was understood that behind the assassination
was a group in Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası, an Opposition
party in TBMM. The party was closed down. Ziya Hurşit and his friends were sentenced to death and on July 14, 1926 he was executed with another thirteen men including Laz
İsmail, Gürcü Yusuf, Çopur Hilmi, Şükrü Bey, Ayıcı Arif and İsmail Canpolat.
. "What a nice thing. It looks like a swing
" he said. At the same time he was examining the audience. Then he saw Kılıç Ali. "Kılıç Ali? Where is he? Let me see him." Kılıç Ali feeling eyes upon him tried to conceal himself from sight of Ziya Hurşit. Ali the Executioner
couldn't wait for putting the rope on Ziya's neck. "Sir, time goes!" warned the executioner
. Ziya Hurşit replied this angry warning with a smiling and teasing face. "Why hurry sweetheart? Isn't it me who's gonna die? I'm going. The world will be yours. I will meet your ancestors in the Heaven
. If you have any letters, let me deliver them. Farewell!"
Assassination
To carry out an assassination is "to murder by a sudden and/or secret attack, often for political reasons." Alternatively, assassination may be defined as "the act of deliberately killing someone, especially a public figure, usually for hire or for political reasons."An assassination may be...
against Mustafa Kemal
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
.
Ziya Hurşit was born in the town of Çamlıhemşin
Çamlihemsin
Çamlıhemşin is a small town and district of Rize Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey.With its mountains and valleys in all shades of green Çamlıhemşin has a reputation as one of the most attractive parts of the eastern Black Sea region, particularly with the autumn foliage.-Etymology:The...
of Rize Province
Rize Province
Rize Province is a province of north-east Turkey, on the eastern Black Sea coast between Trabzon and Artvin. Its capital is the city of Rize.-Geography:...
in 1890. He was a Hemshin. He was a member of Kürdoğlu family. He was educated on ship construction and radio
Radio
Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space...
in Gdańsk
Gdansk
Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. He participated in Erzurum Congress
Erzurum Congress
Erzurum Congress was an assembly of Turkish Revolutionaries held from 23 July to 4 August 1919 in the city of Erzurum, in eastern Turkey, in accordance with the previously issued Amasya Circular...
as Trabzon
Trabzon
Trabzon is a city on the Black Sea coast of north-eastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. Trabzon, located on the historical Silk Road, became a melting pot of religions, languages and culture for centuries and a trade gateway to Iran in the southeast and the Caucasus to the northeast...
delegate
Delegate
A delegate is a person who speaks or acts on behalf of an organization at a meeting or conference between organizations of the same level A delegate is a person who speaks or acts on behalf of an organization (e.g., a government, a charity, an NGO, or a trade union) at a meeting or conference...
. He fought in Independence War
Independence war
Independence war may refer to:* War of independence* I-War , a 1997 space combat simulator...
(Turkish War of Independence
Turkish War of Independence
The Turkish War of Independence was a war of independence waged by Turkish nationalists against the Allies, after the country was partitioned by the Allies following the Ottoman Empire's defeat in World War I...
) as a volunteer. He took part in 1st TBMM as Lazistan
Lazistan
Lazistan was the Ottoman administrative name for the sanjak comprising the Laz or Lazuri-speaking population on the southeastern shore of the Black Sea. However, its boundaries did not coincide with the Laz-speaking area...
deputy. He had been a member of Yozgat
Yozgat
Yozgat is a city and the capital district of Yozgat province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. According to 2009 census, population of the district is 113,614 of which 73,835 live in the city of Yozgat.-History:...
Independence Court
Independence Court
The Independence Courts were eight special courts founded during the Turkish War of Independence to prosecute those who were against the system of the government. They were located in Ankara, Eskişehir, Konya, Isparta, Sivas, Kastamonu, Pozantı, and Diyarbakır...
for a period of time. But his views differed from Mustafa Kemal
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
's. Thus he wasn't able to be elected as deputy in 2nd TBMM.
On June 16, 1926, he was arrested for planning an assassination
Assassination
To carry out an assassination is "to murder by a sudden and/or secret attack, often for political reasons." Alternatively, assassination may be defined as "the act of deliberately killing someone, especially a public figure, usually for hire or for political reasons."An assassination may be...
against Mustafa Kemal
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
in İzmir
Izmir
Izmir is a large metropolis in the western extremity of Anatolia. The metropolitan area in the entire Izmir Province had a population of 3.35 million as of 2010, making the city third most populous in Turkey...
. According to charge made, those who act with Ziya Hurşit, Gürcü Yusuf, Laz
Laz
Laz may refer to the Laz people, who live by the Black Sea, or to their language. As a given name, Laz may be a diminutive for Lazar, Lazarus, Lazaro, or Lazaros...
İsmail and Çopur Hilmi, would shot Mustafa Kemal dead in front of Kemeraltı prison
Prison
A prison is a place in which people are physically confined and, usually, deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime...
. Ziya Hurşit and his fellow friends, taking advantage of chaos caused, would embark on the boat of Cretan Şevki Bey,which was waiting in the dock
Dock (maritime)
A dock is a human-made structure or group of structures involved in the handling of boats or ships, usually on or close to a shore.However, the exact meaning varies among different variants of the English language...
, by a car waiting in the Yemiş bazaar
Bazaar
A bazaar , Cypriot Greek: pantopoula) is a permanent merchandising area, marketplace, or street of shops where goods and services are exchanged or sold. The term is sometimes also used to refer to the "network of merchants, bankers and craftsmen" who work that area...
and flee to Chios
Chios
Chios is the fifth largest of the Greek islands, situated in the Aegean Sea, seven kilometres off the Asia Minor coast. The island is separated from Turkey by the Chios Strait. The island is noted for its strong merchant shipping community, its unique mastic gum and its medieval villages...
. But at the last moment, as a consequence of Şevki Bey's treachery
Treachery
Treachery is a statutory offence in Australia. There was also an unrelated statutory offence bearing that name in the United Kingdom, but it has been abolished. Both of these offences were derived from or inspired by the related offence of treason. The name treachery was chosen because it is a...
by regretting this action(assassination
Assassination
To carry out an assassination is "to murder by a sudden and/or secret attack, often for political reasons." Alternatively, assassination may be defined as "the act of deliberately killing someone, especially a public figure, usually for hire or for political reasons."An assassination may be...
), Ziya Hurşit and his friends were captured. It was understood that behind the assassination
Assassination
To carry out an assassination is "to murder by a sudden and/or secret attack, often for political reasons." Alternatively, assassination may be defined as "the act of deliberately killing someone, especially a public figure, usually for hire or for political reasons."An assassination may be...
was a group in Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası, an Opposition
Opposition (politics)
In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed to the government , party or group in political control of a city, region, state or country...
party in TBMM. The party was closed down. Ziya Hurşit and his friends were sentenced to death and on July 14, 1926 he was executed with another thirteen men including Laz
Laz
Laz may refer to the Laz people, who live by the Black Sea, or to their language. As a given name, Laz may be a diminutive for Lazar, Lazarus, Lazaro, or Lazaros...
İsmail, Gürcü Yusuf, Çopur Hilmi, Şükrü Bey, Ayıcı Arif and İsmail Canpolat.
Moment of Execution
Ziya Hurşit was by the gallowsGallows
A gallows is a frame, typically wooden, used for execution by hanging, or by means to torture before execution, as was used when being hanged, drawn and quartered...
. "What a nice thing. It looks like a swing
Swing (seat)
A swing is a hanging seat, usually found at playgrounds for children, a circus for acrobats, or on a porch for relaxing. The seat of a swing may be suspended from chains or ropes. Once a swing is in motion it continues to oscillate like a pendulum until external interference or drag brings it to a...
" he said. At the same time he was examining the audience. Then he saw Kılıç Ali. "Kılıç Ali? Where is he? Let me see him." Kılıç Ali feeling eyes upon him tried to conceal himself from sight of Ziya Hurşit. Ali the Executioner
Executioner
A judicial executioner is a person who carries out a death sentence ordered by the state or other legal authority, which was known in feudal terminology as high justice.-Scope and job:...
couldn't wait for putting the rope on Ziya's neck. "Sir, time goes!" warned the executioner
Executioner
A judicial executioner is a person who carries out a death sentence ordered by the state or other legal authority, which was known in feudal terminology as high justice.-Scope and job:...
. Ziya Hurşit replied this angry warning with a smiling and teasing face. "Why hurry sweetheart? Isn't it me who's gonna die? I'm going. The world will be yours. I will meet your ancestors in the Heaven
Heaven
Heaven, the Heavens or Seven Heavens, is a common religious cosmological or metaphysical term for the physical or transcendent place from which heavenly beings originate, are enthroned or inhabit...
. If you have any letters, let me deliver them. Farewell!"