Zhang Yunshen
Encyclopedia
Zhang Yunshen (785
– March 8, 872), courtesy name Fengchang (逢昌), formally Duke Zhonglie of Yan (燕忠烈公), was a general of the Chinese
dynasty Tang Dynasty
who ruled Lulong Circuit (盧龍), headquartered in modern Beijing
in de facto independence from the imperial government.
, during the reign of Emperor Dezong
. He was from Fanyang
, and his male-line ancestors, including his great-grandfather Zhang Xiu (張秀), grandfather Zhang Yan (張巖), and father Zhang Chaoye (張朝掖), all served as officers in the Lulong army. Zhang Yunshen himself also served as an officer in the Lulong army. In 850
, when the military governor Zhou Lin
died, the soldiers supported Zhang Yunshen to succeed Zhou, and then-reigning Emperor Xuānzong
(a great-grandson of Emperor Dezong's) approved, first making Zhang acting military governor, and then full military governor later in the year.
, shortly after Emperor Xuānzong died and was succeeded by his son Emperor Yizong
, Emperor Yizong bestowed on Zhang Yunshen the honorific chancellor title of Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中書門下平章事). In 868
, he was created the Duke of Yan. In 869
, when the imperial government was facing a major rebellion led by Pang Xun
at Xu Prefecture (徐州, in modern Xuzhou
, Jiangsu
), Zhang offered to have his brother Zhang Yungao (張允皐) command an army to assist the imperial operations. When Emperor Yizong declined the assistance, Zhang Yunshen submitted a tribute of rice and salt to supply the troops, and Emperor Yizong issued an edict praising him for doing so. In 870
, Emperor Yizong further bestowed the greater honorific chancellor title of Shizhong (侍中) on Zhang.
In 872
, Zhang suffered a stroke, and he submitted a petition to yield his responsibilities so that he could attend to his medical condition. Emperor Yizong agreed and made his son Zhang Jianhui
the acting military governor. Soon thereafter, Zhang Yunshen died. It was said that in his 22-year-term as military governor, Zhang was diligent and frugal, and the circuit was peaceful and did not lack anything. Most of his 14 sons later served in various Tang military offices as well.
785
Year 785 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. The article denomination 785 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years...
– March 8, 872), courtesy name Fengchang (逢昌), formally Duke Zhonglie of Yan (燕忠烈公), was a general of the Chinese
History of China
Chinese civilization originated in various regional centers along both the Yellow River and the Yangtze River valleys in the Neolithic era, but the Yellow River is said to be the Cradle of Chinese Civilization. With thousands of years of continuous history, China is one of the world's oldest...
dynasty Tang Dynasty
Tang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...
who ruled Lulong Circuit (盧龍), headquartered in modern Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
in de facto independence from the imperial government.
Background
Zhang Yunshen was born in 785785
Year 785 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. The article denomination 785 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years...
, during the reign of Emperor Dezong
Emperor Dezong of Tang
Emperor Dezong of Tang , personally name Li Kuo , was an emperor of the Chinese Tang Dynasty and the oldest son of his father Emperor Daizong. His reign of 26 years was the third longest in the Tang dynasty...
. He was from Fanyang
Fanyang
Yanjing for administrative purposes was an ancient city and capital of the State of Yan in northern China. It was located in modern Beijing.- History :...
, and his male-line ancestors, including his great-grandfather Zhang Xiu (張秀), grandfather Zhang Yan (張巖), and father Zhang Chaoye (張朝掖), all served as officers in the Lulong army. Zhang Yunshen himself also served as an officer in the Lulong army. In 850
850
Year 850 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.- Asia :* Emperor Montoku succeeds Emperor Nimmyō as Emperor of Japan.- Europe :...
, when the military governor Zhou Lin
Zhou Lin
Zhou Lin is a Chinese football player who plays as a defender in Guangzhou F.C..-Chongqing Lifan:Zhou Lin began his professional football career when he was able to break into the Chongqing Lifan first-team during the 1999 league season after previously playing for their youth team...
died, the soldiers supported Zhang Yunshen to succeed Zhou, and then-reigning Emperor Xuānzong
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang , also commonly known as Emperor Ming of Tang , personal name Li Longji , known as Wu Longji from 690 to 705, was the seventh emperor of the Tang dynasty in China, reigning from 712 to 756. His reign of 43 years was the longest during the Tang Dynasty...
(a great-grandson of Emperor Dezong's) approved, first making Zhang acting military governor, and then full military governor later in the year.
As military governor
In 859859
Year 859 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.- Europe :* January 15 – Battle of Saint-Quentin, Aisne: Humfrid defeats Louis the German....
, shortly after Emperor Xuānzong died and was succeeded by his son Emperor Yizong
Emperor Yizong of Tang
Emperor Yizong of Tang , né Li Wen , later changed to Li Cui , was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China. He reigned from 859 to 873. Yizong was the eldest son of Emperor Xuānzong...
, Emperor Yizong bestowed on Zhang Yunshen the honorific chancellor title of Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中書門下平章事). In 868
868
Year 868 was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.- Africa :* Ahmad ibn Tulun, a Turkish mameluk general in Arab army founds Tulunid dynasty in Egypt....
, he was created the Duke of Yan. In 869
869
Year 869 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.- Asia :* May 26 – An earthquake and tsunami devastate a large part of the Sanriku coast near Sendai, Japan....
, when the imperial government was facing a major rebellion led by Pang Xun
Pang Xun
Pang Xun was the leader of a major rebellion, by soldiers from Xu Prefecture , against the rule of Emperor Yizong of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, from 868 to 869...
at Xu Prefecture (徐州, in modern Xuzhou
Xuzhou
Xuzhou , otherwise known as Pengcheng in ancient times, is a major city in and the fourth largest prefecture-level city of Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China...
, Jiangsu
Jiangsu
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. The name comes from jiang, short for the city of Jiangning , and su, for the city of Suzhou. The abbreviation for this province is "苏" , the second character of its name...
), Zhang offered to have his brother Zhang Yungao (張允皐) command an army to assist the imperial operations. When Emperor Yizong declined the assistance, Zhang Yunshen submitted a tribute of rice and salt to supply the troops, and Emperor Yizong issued an edict praising him for doing so. In 870
870
Year 870 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.- Europe :* Prague Castle is founded....
, Emperor Yizong further bestowed the greater honorific chancellor title of Shizhong (侍中) on Zhang.
In 872
872
Year 872 was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.- Europe :* Battle of Hafrsfjord: Harald Fairhair becomes the first king of Norway....
, Zhang suffered a stroke, and he submitted a petition to yield his responsibilities so that he could attend to his medical condition. Emperor Yizong agreed and made his son Zhang Jianhui
Zhang Jianhui
Zhang Jianhui was a general of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty who briefly controlled Lulong Circuit in 872 after the death of his father Zhang Yunshen, who had ruled it as its military governor in de facto independence from the imperial government.It is not known when Zhang Jianhui was born...
the acting military governor. Soon thereafter, Zhang Yunshen died. It was said that in his 22-year-term as military governor, Zhang was diligent and frugal, and the circuit was peaceful and did not lack anything. Most of his 14 sons later served in various Tang military offices as well.