Xorazm Province
Encyclopedia
Xorazm Province or Khorezm Province as it is still more commonly known, is a viloyat (province) of Uzbekistan
located in the northwest of the country in the lower reaches of the Amu-Darya River. It borders with Turkmenistan
, Karakalpakstan, and Buxoro Province
. It covers an area of 6,300 km². The population is estimated to be around 1,200,000, with some 80% living in rural areas.
Khorezm Province is divided into 10 administrative districts. The capital is Urganch (pop est 135,000). Other major towns include Khonka, Khiva
, Shovot
, and Pitnak.
The climate is a typically arid continental climate
, with cold winters and extremely hot, dry summers.
The city of Khiva
in Khorezm Province is a UNESCO World Heritage Site with world famous architectural monuments, making Khiva one of the main centers for international tourism
in the country.
The economy of Khorezm Province is primarily based on cotton
. Cotton is by far the main crop, although rice
production has increased significantly in the last several years. There are also many orchards and vineyards, melon
and gourd
plantations and potato
fields. Khorezm Province is famous for its "gurvak" melon in Uzbekistan.
Industry is also heavily oriented to cotton, with cotton refining, cottonseed oil
extraction and textiles predominating. The Khiva Carpet-Weaving Factory produces “Persian carpets” for export.
Khorezm is a place where many famous scholars were born, such as Abu Rayhan Biruni and al-Khwārizmī. The famous terms algorithm and algebra come from the works of the latter. Algorithm is a modified spelling of Khwārizmī and algebra derives from his famous work "al-jabr wa-l-muqābala
".
The province has a well-developed transportation infrastructure, with over 130 km of railways and 2000 km of surfaced roads. The Province is connected by rail to European Russia
and the Caucasus
.
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan , officially the Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia and one of the six independent Turkic states. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south....
located in the northwest of the country in the lower reaches of the Amu-Darya River. It borders with Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan , formerly also known as Turkmenia is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic . Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states...
, Karakalpakstan, and Buxoro Province
Buxoro Province
Buxoro Province is a viloyat of Uzbekistan located in the southwest of the country. The Kyzyl-Kum Desert takes up a large portion of its territory. It borders Turkmenistan, Navoiy Province, Qashqadaryo Province, a tiny bit of Xorazm Province, and the Karakalpakstan Republic. It covers an area...
. It covers an area of 6,300 km². The population is estimated to be around 1,200,000, with some 80% living in rural areas.
Khorezm Province is divided into 10 administrative districts. The capital is Urganch (pop est 135,000). Other major towns include Khonka, Khiva
Khiva
Khiva is a city of approximately 50,000 people located in Xorazm Province, Uzbekistan. It is the former capital of Khwarezmia and the Khanate of Khiva...
, Shovot
Shovot
Shovot is a town and seat of Shovot District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan....
, and Pitnak.
The climate is a typically arid continental climate
Continental climate
Continental climate is a climate characterized by important annual variation in temperature due to the lack of significant bodies of water nearby...
, with cold winters and extremely hot, dry summers.
The city of Khiva
Khiva
Khiva is a city of approximately 50,000 people located in Xorazm Province, Uzbekistan. It is the former capital of Khwarezmia and the Khanate of Khiva...
in Khorezm Province is a UNESCO World Heritage Site with world famous architectural monuments, making Khiva one of the main centers for international tourism
Tourism
Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".Tourism has become a...
in the country.
The economy of Khorezm Province is primarily based on cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....
. Cotton is by far the main crop, although rice
Rice
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
production has increased significantly in the last several years. There are also many orchards and vineyards, melon
Melon
thumb|200px|Various types of melonsThis list of melons includes members of the plant family Cucurbitaceae with edible, fleshy fruit e.g. gourds or cucurbits. The word "melon" can refer to either the plant or specifically to the fruit...
and gourd
Gourd
A gourd is a plant of the family Cucurbitaceae. Gourd is occasionally used to describe crops like cucumbers, squash, luffas, and melons. The term 'gourd' however, can more specifically, refer to the plants of the two Cucurbitaceae genera Lagenaria and Cucurbita or also to their hollow dried out shell...
plantations and potato
Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
fields. Khorezm Province is famous for its "gurvak" melon in Uzbekistan.
Industry is also heavily oriented to cotton, with cotton refining, cottonseed oil
Cottonseed oil
Cottonseed oil is a cooking oil extracted from the seeds of cotton plant of various species, mainly Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium herbaceum...
extraction and textiles predominating. The Khiva Carpet-Weaving Factory produces “Persian carpets” for export.
Khorezm is a place where many famous scholars were born, such as Abu Rayhan Biruni and al-Khwārizmī. The famous terms algorithm and algebra come from the works of the latter. Algorithm is a modified spelling of Khwārizmī and algebra derives from his famous work "al-jabr wa-l-muqābala
The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing
, also known under a shorter name spelled as Hisab al-jabr w’al-muqabala, Kitab al-Jabr wa-l-Muqabala and other transliterations) is a mathematical book written in Arabic in approximately AD 820 by the Persian (Arabic for "The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing", in...
".
The province has a well-developed transportation infrastructure, with over 130 km of railways and 2000 km of surfaced roads. The Province is connected by rail to European Russia
European Russia
European Russia refers to the western areas of Russia that lie within Europe, comprising roughly 3,960,000 square kilometres , larger in area than India, and spanning across 40% of Europe. Its eastern border is defined by the Ural Mountains and in the south it is defined by the border with...
and the Caucasus
Caucasus
The Caucasus, also Caucas or Caucasia , is a geopolitical region at the border of Europe and Asia, and situated between the Black and the Caspian sea...
.
Administrative divisions
| Key | District name | District capital |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bog‘ot District Bog‘ot District Bog‘ot District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Bog‘ot.... |
Bog‘ot Bog‘ot Bog‘ot is a town and seat of Bagat District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.... |
| 2 | Gurlan District Gurlan District Gurlan District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Gurlan.... |
Gurlan Gurlan Gurlan is a town and seat of Gurlan District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.... |
| 3 | Xonqa District Xonqa District Xonqa District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Xonqa.... |
Xonqa Xonqa Xonqa is a town and seat of Xonqa District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.... |
| 4 | Xazorasp District Xazorasp District Xazorasp District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Xazorasp. The city named Pitnak was previously named Drujba until 2000. Drujba was a different district in the Khorezm region; now it is a part of the Xazorasp District.... |
Xazorasp |
| 5 | Khiva District Khiva District Khiva District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Khiva.... |
Khiva Khiva Khiva is a city of approximately 50,000 people located in Xorazm Province, Uzbekistan. It is the former capital of Khwarezmia and the Khanate of Khiva... |
| 6 | Qo‘shko‘pir District Qo‘shko‘pir District Qo‘shko‘pir District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Qo‘shko‘pir.... |
Qo‘shko‘pir Qo‘shko‘pir Qo‘shko‘pir is a town and seat of Qo‘shko‘pir District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.... |
| 7 | Shovot District Shovot District Shovot District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Shovot.... |
Shovot Shovot Shovot is a town and seat of Shovot District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.... |
| 8 | Urganch District Urganch District Urganch District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Qorovul.... |
Qorovul Qorovul Qorovul is a town and seat of Urganch District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.It is very cultural town.... |
| 9 | Yangiariq District Yangiariq District Yangiariq District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Yangiariq.... |
Yangiariq Yangiariq Yangiariq is a town and seat of Yangiariq District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.... |
| 10 | Yangibozor District Yangibozor District Yangibozor District is a district of Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at Yangibozor.... |
Yangibozor Yangibozor Yangibozor is a town and seat of Yangibozor District in Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan. The Amu Darya flows to the east of the town.... |
See also
- KhwarezmKhwarezmKhwarezm, or Chorasmia, is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, which borders to the north the Aral Sea, to the east the Kyzylkum desert, to the south the Karakum desert and to the west the Ustyurt Plateau...
- Khwarezmian languageKhwarezmian languageKhwarezmian, also known as Khwarazmian or Chorasmian, is the name of an extinct East Iranian language closely related to Sogdian. The language was spoken in the area of Khwarezm , centered in the lower Amu Darya south of the Aral Sea .Our knowledge of Khwarezmian is...