Wilhelm Olivier Leube
Encyclopedia
Wilhelm Olivier Leube was a German internist who was a native of Ulm
.
He studied medicine in Tübingen
, Zurich
, Berlin
and Munich
, and from 1868 worked as an assistant at the medical clinic in Erlangen
. In 1872 he became a professor of pathology
and special therapy
, as well as director of the medical clinic in Jena
. Afterwards he was a professor at the Universities of Erlangen (1874–1885) and Würzburg
. At Jena, one of his assistants was noted physician Ottomar Rosenbach
(1851–1907).
Wilhelm Leube is remembered for his work with gastric and intestinal disorders, and his pioneer research of "nervous dyspepsia
". He believed that gastric irritation was often caused by the effects of food on the sensory nerves of the stomach
, and performed extensive studies on digestion
. In 1871 he introduced a procedure known as intubation
in order to retrieve contents of the stomach for analysis. Later he introduced "test meals" of different types of food, which would be served to patients, and afterwards retrieved via Leube's "gastric tube" at scheduled times. Through these procedures, Leube researched the degree of digestion of the test meal, as well as the quantity and concentration of acid and pepsin
in the patients' stomach. With physiologist Isidor Rosenthal
(1836–1915), he developed the Leube-Rosenthalsche Fleischsolution (Leube-Rosenthal Meat Solution).
Among Leube's written works was an influential 1875 treatise of gastro-enterological
diseases called Die Krankheiten des Magens und Darms, which was included in Hugo Wilhelm von Ziemssen
's Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie. Leube died on 16 May 1922 at Montfort Castle on Lake Constance
.
Ulm
Ulm is a city in the federal German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the River Danube. The city, whose population is estimated at 120,000 , forms an urban district of its own and is the administrative seat of the Alb-Donau district. Ulm, founded around 850, is rich in history and...
.
He studied medicine in Tübingen
Tübingen
Tübingen is a traditional university town in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, on a ridge between the Neckar and Ammer rivers.-Geography:...
, Zurich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
, Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
and Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
, and from 1868 worked as an assistant at the medical clinic in Erlangen
Erlangen
Erlangen is a Middle Franconian city in Bavaria, Germany. It is located at the confluence of the river Regnitz and its large tributary, the Untere Schwabach.Erlangen has more than 100,000 inhabitants....
. In 1872 he became a professor of pathology
Pathology
Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease. The word pathology is from Ancient Greek , pathos, "feeling, suffering"; and , -logia, "the study of". Pathologization, to pathologize, refers to the process of defining a condition or behavior as pathological, e.g. pathological gambling....
and special therapy
Therapy
This is a list of types of therapy .* Adventure therapy* Animal-assisted therapy* Aquatic therapy* Aromatherapy* Art and dementia* Art therapy* Authentic Movement* Behavioral therapy* Bibliotherapy* Buteyko Method* Chemotherapy...
, as well as director of the medical clinic in Jena
Jena
Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...
. Afterwards he was a professor at the Universities of Erlangen (1874–1885) and Würzburg
University of Würzburg
The University of Würzburg is a university in Würzburg, Germany, founded in 1402. The university is a member of the distinguished Coimbra Group.-Name:...
. At Jena, one of his assistants was noted physician Ottomar Rosenbach
Ottomar Rosenbach
Ottomar Ernst Felix Rosenbach was a German physician.Krappitz was a Silesian city where his father, Samuel Rosenbach, practised medicine. He received his education at the universities of Berlin and Breslau . His studies were interrupted by the Franco-Prussian war, in which he took an active part...
(1851–1907).
Wilhelm Leube is remembered for his work with gastric and intestinal disorders, and his pioneer research of "nervous dyspepsia
Dyspepsia
Dyspepsia , also known as upset stomach or indigestion, refers to a condition of impaired digestion. It is a medical condition characterized by chronic or recurrent pain in the upper abdomen, upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected when eating...
". He believed that gastric irritation was often caused by the effects of food on the sensory nerves of the stomach
Stomach
The stomach is a muscular, hollow, dilated part of the alimentary canal which functions as an important organ of the digestive tract in some animals, including vertebrates, echinoderms, insects , and molluscs. It is involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication .The stomach is...
, and performed extensive studies on digestion
Digestion
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components that are more easily absorbed into a blood stream, for instance. Digestion is a form of catabolism: a breakdown of large food molecules to smaller ones....
. In 1871 he introduced a procedure known as intubation
Intubation
Tracheal intubation, usually simply referred to as intubation, is the placement of a flexible plastic or rubber tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway or to serve as a conduit through which to administer certain drugs...
in order to retrieve contents of the stomach for analysis. Later he introduced "test meals" of different types of food, which would be served to patients, and afterwards retrieved via Leube's "gastric tube" at scheduled times. Through these procedures, Leube researched the degree of digestion of the test meal, as well as the quantity and concentration of acid and pepsin
Pepsin
Pepsin is an enzyme whose precursor form is released by the chief cells in the stomach and that degrades food proteins into peptides. It was discovered in 1836 by Theodor Schwann who also coined its name from the Greek word pepsis, meaning digestion...
in the patients' stomach. With physiologist Isidor Rosenthal
Isidor Rosenthal
Isidor Rosenthal was a German physiologist who was a native of Labischin.In 1859 he received his doctorate from the University of Berlin, where he was a student of Emil du Bois-Reymond . Afterwards he remained in Berlin as an assistant at the institute of physiology, where in 1867 he became an...
(1836–1915), he developed the Leube-Rosenthalsche Fleischsolution (Leube-Rosenthal Meat Solution).
Among Leube's written works was an influential 1875 treatise of gastro-enterological
Gastroenterology
Gastroenterology is the branch of medicine whereby the digestive system and its disorders are studied. The name is a combination of three Ancient Greek words gaster , enteron , and logos...
diseases called Die Krankheiten des Magens und Darms, which was included in Hugo Wilhelm von Ziemssen
Hugo Wilhelm von Ziemssen
Hugo von Ziemssen was a German physician, born at Greifswald. He studied there, at Berlin, and at Würzburg. In 1863 he was called to Erlangen as professor of pathology and director of the clinic, and in 1874 to Munich as director of the general hospital...
's Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie. Leube died on 16 May 1922 at Montfort Castle on Lake Constance
Lake Constance
Lake Constance is a lake on the Rhine at the northern foot of the Alps, and consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee , the Untersee , and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein.The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps...
.